cpython/Lib/encodings/idna.py

# This module implements the RFCs 3490 (IDNA) and 3491 (Nameprep)

import stringprep, unicodedata, re, codecs

# IDNA section 3.1
dots = re.compile(u"[\u002E\u3002\uFF0E\uFF61]")

# IDNA section 5
ace_prefix = "xn--"
uace_prefix = unicode(ace_prefix, "ascii")

# This assumes query strings, so AllowUnassigned is true
def nameprep(label):
    # Map
    newlabel = []
    for c in label:
        if stringprep.in_table_b1(c):
            # Map to nothing
            continue
        newlabel.append(stringprep.map_table_b2(c))
    label = u"".join(newlabel)

    # Normalize
    label = unicodedata.normalize("NFKC", label)

    # Prohibit
    for c in label:
        if stringprep.in_table_c12(c) or \
           stringprep.in_table_c22(c) or \
           stringprep.in_table_c3(c) or \
           stringprep.in_table_c4(c) or \
           stringprep.in_table_c5(c) or \
           stringprep.in_table_c6(c) or \
           stringprep.in_table_c7(c) or \
           stringprep.in_table_c8(c) or \
           stringprep.in_table_c9(c):
            raise UnicodeError, "Invalid character %s" % repr(c)

    # Check bidi
    RandAL = map(stringprep.in_table_d1, label)
    for c in RandAL:
        if c:
            # There is a RandAL char in the string. Must perform further
            # tests:
            # 1) The characters in section 5.8 MUST be prohibited.
            # This is table C.8, which was already checked
            # 2) If a string contains any RandALCat character, the string
            # MUST NOT contain any LCat character.
            if filter(stringprep.in_table_d2, label):
                raise UnicodeError, "Violation of BIDI requirement 2"

            # 3) If a string contains any RandALCat character, a
            # RandALCat character MUST be the first character of the
            # string, and a RandALCat character MUST be the last
            # character of the string.
            if not RandAL[0] or not RandAL[-1]:
                raise UnicodeError, "Violation of BIDI requirement 3"

    return label

def ToASCII(label):
    try:
        # Step 1: try ASCII
        label = label.encode("ascii")
    except UnicodeError:
        pass
    else:
        # Skip to step 3: UseSTD3ASCIIRules is false, so
        # Skip to step 8.
        if 0 < len(label) < 64:
            return label
        raise UnicodeError, "label too long"

    # Step 2: nameprep
    label = nameprep(label)

    # Step 3: UseSTD3ASCIIRules is false
    # Step 4: try ASCII
    try:
        label = label.encode("ascii")
    except UnicodeError:
        pass
    else:
        # Skip to step 8.
        if 0 < len(label) < 64:
            return label
        raise UnicodeError, "label too long"

    # Step 5: Check ACE prefix
    if label.startswith(uace_prefix):
        raise UnicodeError, "Label starts with ACE prefix"

    # Step 6: Encode with PUNYCODE
    label = label.encode("punycode")

    # Step 7: Prepend ACE prefix
    label = ace_prefix + label

    # Step 8: Check size
    if 0 < len(label) < 64:
        return label
    raise UnicodeError, "label too long"

def ToUnicode(label):
    # Step 1: Check for ASCII
    if isinstance(label, str):
        pure_ascii = True
    else:
        try:
            label = label.encode("ascii")
            pure_ascii = True
        except UnicodeError:
            pure_ascii = False
    if not pure_ascii:
        # Step 2: Perform nameprep
        label = nameprep(label)
        # It doesn't say this, but apparently, it should be ASCII now
        try:
            label = label.encode("ascii")
        except UnicodeError:
            raise UnicodeError, "Invalid character in IDN label"
    # Step 3: Check for ACE prefix
    if not label.startswith(ace_prefix):
        return unicode(label, "ascii")

    # Step 4: Remove ACE prefix
    label1 = label[len(ace_prefix):]

    # Step 5: Decode using PUNYCODE
    result = label1.decode("punycode")

    # Step 6: Apply ToASCII
    label2 = ToASCII(result)

    # Step 7: Compare the result of step 6 with the one of step 3
    # label2 will already be in lower case.
    if label.lower() != label2:
        raise UnicodeError, ("IDNA does not round-trip", label, label2)

    # Step 8: return the result of step 5
    return result

### Codec APIs

class Codec(codecs.Codec):
    def encode(self,input,errors='strict'):

        if errors != 'strict':
            # IDNA is quite clear that implementations must be strict
            raise UnicodeError, "unsupported error handling "+errors

        result = []
        labels = dots.split(input)
        if labels and len(labels[-1])==0:
            trailing_dot = '.'
            del labels[-1]
        else:
            trailing_dot = ''
        for label in labels:
            result.append(ToASCII(label))
        # Join with U+002E
        return ".".join(result)+trailing_dot, len(input)

    def decode(self,input,errors='strict'):

        if errors != 'strict':
            raise UnicodeError, "Unsupported error handling "+errors

        # IDNA allows decoding to operate on Unicode strings, too.
        if isinstance(input, unicode):
            labels = dots.split(input)
        else:
            # Must be ASCII string
            input = str(input)
            unicode(input, "ascii")
            labels = input.split(".")

        if labels and len(labels[-1]) == 0:
            trailing_dot = u'.'
            del labels[-1]
        else:
            trailing_dot = u''

        result = []
        for label in labels:
            result.append(ToUnicode(label))

        return u".".join(result)+trailing_dot, len(input)

class StreamWriter(Codec,codecs.StreamWriter):
    pass

class StreamReader(Codec,codecs.StreamReader):
    pass

### encodings module API

def getregentry():

    return (Codec().encode,Codec().decode,StreamReader,StreamWriter)