cpython/Lib/distutils/file_util.py

"""distutils.file_util

Utility functions for operating on single files.
"""

import os
from distutils.errors import DistutilsFileError
from distutils import log

# for generating verbose output in 'copy_file()'
_copy_action = { None:   'copying',
                 'hard': 'hard linking',
                 'sym':  'symbolically linking' }


def _copy_file_contents(src, dst, buffer_size=16*1024):
    """Copy the file 'src' to 'dst'; both must be filenames.  Any error
    opening either file, reading from 'src', or writing to 'dst', raises
    DistutilsFileError.  Data is read/written in chunks of 'buffer_size'
    bytes (default 16k).  No attempt is made to handle anything apart from
    regular files.
    """
    # Stolen from shutil module in the standard library, but with
    # custom error-handling added.
    fsrc = None
    fdst = None
    try:
        try:
            fsrc = open(src, 'rb')
        except OSError as e:
            raise DistutilsFileError("could not open '%s': %s" % (src, e.strerror))

        if os.path.exists(dst):
            try:
                os.unlink(dst)
            except OSError as e:
                raise DistutilsFileError(
                      "could not delete '%s': %s" % (dst, e.strerror))

        try:
            fdst = open(dst, 'wb')
        except OSError as e:
            raise DistutilsFileError(
                  "could not create '%s': %s" % (dst, e.strerror))

        while True:
            try:
                buf = fsrc.read(buffer_size)
            except OSError as e:
                raise DistutilsFileError(
                      "could not read from '%s': %s" % (src, e.strerror))

            if not buf:
                break

            try:
                fdst.write(buf)
            except OSError as e:
                raise DistutilsFileError(
                      "could not write to '%s': %s" % (dst, e.strerror))
    finally:
        if fdst:
            fdst.close()
        if fsrc:
            fsrc.close()

def copy_file(src, dst, preserve_mode=1, preserve_times=1, update=0,
              link=None, verbose=1, dry_run=0):
    """Copy a file 'src' to 'dst'.  If 'dst' is a directory, then 'src' is
    copied there with the same name; otherwise, it must be a filename.  (If
    the file exists, it will be ruthlessly clobbered.)  If 'preserve_mode'
    is true (the default), the file's mode (type and permission bits, or
    whatever is analogous on the current platform) is copied.  If
    'preserve_times' is true (the default), the last-modified and
    last-access times are copied as well.  If 'update' is true, 'src' will
    only be copied if 'dst' does not exist, or if 'dst' does exist but is
    older than 'src'.

    'link' allows you to make hard links (os.link) or symbolic links
    (os.symlink) instead of copying: set it to "hard" or "sym"; if it is
    None (the default), files are copied.  Don't set 'link' on systems that
    don't support it: 'copy_file()' doesn't check if hard or symbolic
    linking is available. If hardlink fails, falls back to
    _copy_file_contents().

    Under Mac OS, uses the native file copy function in macostools; on
    other systems, uses '_copy_file_contents()' to copy file contents.

    Return a tuple (dest_name, copied): 'dest_name' is the actual name of
    the output file, and 'copied' is true if the file was copied (or would
    have been copied, if 'dry_run' true).
    """
    # XXX if the destination file already exists, we clobber it if
    # copying, but blow up if linking.  Hmmm.  And I don't know what
    # macostools.copyfile() does.  Should definitely be consistent, and
    # should probably blow up if destination exists and we would be
    # changing it (ie. it's not already a hard/soft link to src OR
    # (not update) and (src newer than dst).

    from distutils.dep_util import newer
    from stat import ST_ATIME, ST_MTIME, ST_MODE, S_IMODE

    if not os.path.isfile(src):
        raise DistutilsFileError(
              "can't copy '%s': doesn't exist or not a regular file" % src)

    if os.path.isdir(dst):
        dir = dst
        dst = os.path.join(dst, os.path.basename(src))
    else:
        dir = os.path.dirname(dst)

    if update and not newer(src, dst):
        if verbose >= 1:
            log.debug("not copying %s (output up-to-date)", src)
        return (dst, 0)

    try:
        action = _copy_action[link]
    except KeyError:
        raise ValueError("invalid value '%s' for 'link' argument" % link)

    if verbose >= 1:
        if os.path.basename(dst) == os.path.basename(src):
            log.info("%s %s -> %s", action, src, dir)
        else:
            log.info("%s %s -> %s", action, src, dst)

    if dry_run:
        return (dst, 1)

    # If linking (hard or symbolic), use the appropriate system call
    # (Unix only, of course, but that's the caller's responsibility)
    elif link == 'hard':
        if not (os.path.exists(dst) and os.path.samefile(src, dst)):
            try:
                os.link(src, dst)
                return (dst, 1)
            except OSError:
                # If hard linking fails, fall back on copying file
                # (some special filesystems don't support hard linking
                #  even under Unix, see issue #8876).
                pass
    elif link == 'sym':
        if not (os.path.exists(dst) and os.path.samefile(src, dst)):
            os.symlink(src, dst)
            return (dst, 1)

    # Otherwise (non-Mac, not linking), copy the file contents and
    # (optionally) copy the times and mode.
    _copy_file_contents(src, dst)
    if preserve_mode or preserve_times:
        st = os.stat(src)

        # According to David Ascher <da@ski.org>, utime() should be done
        # before chmod() (at least under NT).
        if preserve_times:
            os.utime(dst, (st[ST_ATIME], st[ST_MTIME]))
        if preserve_mode:
            os.chmod(dst, S_IMODE(st[ST_MODE]))

    return (dst, 1)


# XXX I suspect this is Unix-specific -- need porting help!
def move_file (src, dst,
               verbose=1,
               dry_run=0):

    """Move a file 'src' to 'dst'.  If 'dst' is a directory, the file will
    be moved into it with the same name; otherwise, 'src' is just renamed
    to 'dst'.  Return the new full name of the file.

    Handles cross-device moves on Unix using 'copy_file()'.  What about
    other systems???
    """
    from os.path import exists, isfile, isdir, basename, dirname
    import errno

    if verbose >= 1:
        log.info("moving %s -> %s", src, dst)

    if dry_run:
        return dst

    if not isfile(src):
        raise DistutilsFileError("can't move '%s': not a regular file" % src)

    if isdir(dst):
        dst = os.path.join(dst, basename(src))
    elif exists(dst):
        raise DistutilsFileError(
              "can't move '%s': destination '%s' already exists" %
              (src, dst))

    if not isdir(dirname(dst)):
        raise DistutilsFileError(
              "can't move '%s': destination '%s' not a valid path" %
              (src, dst))

    copy_it = False
    try:
        os.rename(src, dst)
    except OSError as e:
        (num, msg) = e.args
        if num == errno.EXDEV:
            copy_it = True
        else:
            raise DistutilsFileError(
                  "couldn't move '%s' to '%s': %s" % (src, dst, msg))

    if copy_it:
        copy_file(src, dst, verbose=verbose)
        try:
            os.unlink(src)
        except OSError as e:
            (num, msg) = e.args
            try:
                os.unlink(dst)
            except OSError:
                pass
            raise DistutilsFileError(
                  "couldn't move '%s' to '%s' by copy/delete: "
                  "delete '%s' failed: %s"
                  % (src, dst, src, msg))
    return dst


def write_file (filename, contents):
    """Create a file with the specified name and write 'contents' (a
    sequence of strings without line terminators) to it.
    """
    f = open(filename, "w")
    try:
        for line in contents:
            f.write(line + "\n")
    finally:
        f.close()