mirror of
https://github.com/python/cpython.git
synced 2025-10-30 21:21:22 +00:00
483 lines
15 KiB
Python
483 lines
15 KiB
Python
|
"""HTTP server base class.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
Note: the class in this module doesn't implement any HTTP request; see
|
||
|
|
SimpleHTTPServer for simple implementations of GET, HEAD and POST
|
||
|
|
(including CGI scripts).
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
Contents:
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
- BaseHTTPRequestHandler: HTTP request handler base class
|
||
|
|
- test: test function
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
XXX To do:
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
- send server version
|
||
|
|
- log requests even later (to capture byte count)
|
||
|
|
- log user-agent header and other interesting goodies
|
||
|
|
- send error log to separate file
|
||
|
|
- are request names really case sensitive?
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
"""
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
# See also:
|
||
|
|
#
|
||
|
|
# HTTP Working Group T. Berners-Lee
|
||
|
|
# INTERNET-DRAFT R. T. Fielding
|
||
|
|
# <draft-ietf-http-v10-spec-00.txt> H. Frystyk Nielsen
|
||
|
|
# Expires September 8, 1995 March 8, 1995
|
||
|
|
#
|
||
|
|
# URL: http://www.ics.uci.edu/pub/ietf/http/draft-ietf-http-v10-spec-00.txt
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
# Log files
|
||
|
|
# ---------
|
||
|
|
#
|
||
|
|
# Here's a quote from the NCSA httpd docs about log file format.
|
||
|
|
#
|
||
|
|
# | The logfile format is as follows. Each line consists of:
|
||
|
|
# |
|
||
|
|
# | host rfc931 authuser [DD/Mon/YYYY:hh:mm:ss] "request" ddd bbbb
|
||
|
|
# |
|
||
|
|
# | host: Either the DNS name or the IP number of the remote client
|
||
|
|
# | rfc931: Any information returned by identd for this person,
|
||
|
|
# | - otherwise.
|
||
|
|
# | authuser: If user sent a userid for authentication, the user name,
|
||
|
|
# | - otherwise.
|
||
|
|
# | DD: Day
|
||
|
|
# | Mon: Month (calendar name)
|
||
|
|
# | YYYY: Year
|
||
|
|
# | hh: hour (24-hour format, the machine's timezone)
|
||
|
|
# | mm: minutes
|
||
|
|
# | ss: seconds
|
||
|
|
# | request: The first line of the HTTP request as sent by the client.
|
||
|
|
# | ddd: the status code returned by the server, - if not available.
|
||
|
|
# | bbbb: the total number of bytes sent,
|
||
|
|
# | *not including the HTTP/1.0 header*, - if not available
|
||
|
|
# |
|
||
|
|
# | You can determine the name of the file accessed through request.
|
||
|
|
#
|
||
|
|
# (Actually, the latter is only true if you know the server configuration
|
||
|
|
# at the time the request was made!)
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
__version__ = "0.2"
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
import sys
|
||
|
|
import time
|
||
|
|
import socket # For gethostbyaddr()
|
||
|
|
import string
|
||
|
|
import rfc822
|
||
|
|
import mimetools
|
||
|
|
import SocketServer
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
# Default error message
|
||
|
|
DEFAULT_ERROR_MESSAGE = """\
|
||
|
|
<head>
|
||
|
|
<title>Error response</title>
|
||
|
|
</head>
|
||
|
|
<body>
|
||
|
|
<h1>Error response</h1>
|
||
|
|
<p>Error code %(code)d.
|
||
|
|
<p>Message: %(message)s.
|
||
|
|
<p>Error code explanation: %(code)s = %(explain)s.
|
||
|
|
</body>
|
||
|
|
"""
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
class HTTPServer(SocketServer.TCPServer):
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
def server_bind(self):
|
||
|
|
"""Override server_bind to store the server name."""
|
||
|
|
SocketServer.TCPServer.server_bind(self)
|
||
|
|
host, port = self.socket.getsockname()
|
||
|
|
if not host or host == '0.0.0.0':
|
||
|
|
host = socket.gethostname()
|
||
|
|
hostname, hostnames, hostaddrs = socket.gethostbyaddr(host)
|
||
|
|
if '.' not in hostname:
|
||
|
|
for host in hostnames:
|
||
|
|
if '.' in host:
|
||
|
|
hostname = host
|
||
|
|
break
|
||
|
|
self.server_name = hostname
|
||
|
|
self.server_port = port
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
class BaseHTTPRequestHandler(SocketServer.StreamRequestHandler):
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
"""HTTP request handler base class.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
The following explanation of HTTP serves to guide you through the
|
||
|
|
code as well as to expose any misunderstandings I may have about
|
||
|
|
HTTP (so you don't need to read the code to figure out I'm wrong
|
||
|
|
:-).
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
HTTP (HyperText Transfer Protocol) is an extensible protocol on
|
||
|
|
top of a reliable stream transport (e.g. TCP/IP). The protocol
|
||
|
|
recognizes three parts to a request:
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
1. One line identifying the request type and path
|
||
|
|
2. An optional set of RFC-822-style headers
|
||
|
|
3. An optional data part
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
The headers and data are separated by a blank line.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
The first line of the request has the form
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<command> <path> <version>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
where <command> is a (case-sensitive) keyword such as GET or POST,
|
||
|
|
<path> is a string containing path information for the request,
|
||
|
|
and <version> should be the string "HTTP/1.0". <path> is encoded
|
||
|
|
using the URL encoding scheme (using %xx to signify the ASCII
|
||
|
|
character with hex code xx).
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
The protocol is vague about whether lines are separated by LF
|
||
|
|
characters or by CRLF pairs -- for compatibility with the widest
|
||
|
|
range of clients, both should be accepted. Similarly, whitespace
|
||
|
|
in the request line should be treated sensibly (allowing multiple
|
||
|
|
spaces between components and allowing trailing whitespace).
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
Similarly, for output, lines ought to be separated by CRLF pairs
|
||
|
|
but most clients grok LF characters just fine.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
If the first line of the request has the form
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<command> <path>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
(i.e. <version> is left out) then this is assumed to be an HTTP
|
||
|
|
0.9 request; this form has no optional headers and data part and
|
||
|
|
the reply consists of just the data.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
The reply form of the HTTP 1.0 protocol again has three parts:
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
1. One line giving the response code
|
||
|
|
2. An optional set of RFC-822-style headers
|
||
|
|
3. The data
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
Again, the headers and data are separated by a blank line.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
The response code line has the form
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<version> <responsecode> <responsestring>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
where <version> is the protocol version (always "HTTP/1.0"),
|
||
|
|
<responsecode> is a 3-digit response code indicating success or
|
||
|
|
failure of the request, and <responsestring> is an optional
|
||
|
|
human-readable string explaining what the response code means.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
This server parses the request and the headers, and then calls a
|
||
|
|
function specific to the request type (<command>). Specifically,
|
||
|
|
a request SPAM will be handled by a method handle_SPAM(). If no
|
||
|
|
such method exists the server sends an error response to the
|
||
|
|
client. If it exists, it is called with no arguments:
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
do_SPAM()
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
Note that the request name is case sensitive (i.e. SPAM and spam
|
||
|
|
are different requests).
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
The various request details are stored in instance variables:
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
- client_address is the client IP address in the form (host,
|
||
|
|
port);
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
- command, path and version are the broken-down request line;
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
- headers is an instance of mimetools.Message (or a derived
|
||
|
|
class) containing the header information;
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
- rfile is a file object open for reading positioned at the
|
||
|
|
start of the optional input data part;
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
- wfile is a file object open for writing.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
IT IS IMPORTANT TO ADHERE TO THE PROTOCOL FOR WRITING!
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
The first thing to be written must be the response line. Then
|
||
|
|
follow 0 or more header lines, then a blank line, and then the
|
||
|
|
actual data (if any). The meaning of the header lines depends on
|
||
|
|
the command executed by the server; in most cases, when data is
|
||
|
|
returned, there should be at least one header line of the form
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
Content-type: <type>/<subtype>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
where <type> and <subtype> should be registered MIME types,
|
||
|
|
e.g. "text/html" or "text/plain".
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
"""
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
# The Python system version, truncated to its first component.
|
||
|
|
sys_version = "Python/" + string.split(sys.version)[0]
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
# The server software version. You may want to override this.
|
||
|
|
# The format is multiple whitespace-separated strings,
|
||
|
|
# where each string is of the form name[/version].
|
||
|
|
server_version = "BaseHTTP/" + __version__
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
def handle(self):
|
||
|
|
"""Handle a single HTTP request.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
You normally don't need to override this method; see the class
|
||
|
|
__doc__ string for information on how to handle specific HTTP
|
||
|
|
commands such as GET and POST.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
"""
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
self.raw_requestline = self.rfile.readline()
|
||
|
|
self.request_version = version = "HTTP/0.9" # Default
|
||
|
|
requestline = self.raw_requestline
|
||
|
|
if requestline[-2:] == '\r\n':
|
||
|
|
requestline = requestline[:-2]
|
||
|
|
elif requestline[-1:] == '\n':
|
||
|
|
requestline = requestline[:-1]
|
||
|
|
self.requestline = requestline
|
||
|
|
words = string.split(requestline)
|
||
|
|
if len(words) == 3:
|
||
|
|
[command, path, version] = words
|
||
|
|
if version != self.protocol_version:
|
||
|
|
self.send_error(400, "Bad request version (%s)" % `version`)
|
||
|
|
return
|
||
|
|
elif len(words) == 2:
|
||
|
|
[command, path] = words
|
||
|
|
if command != 'GET':
|
||
|
|
self.send_error(400,
|
||
|
|
"Bad HTTP/0.9 request type (%s)" % `command`)
|
||
|
|
return
|
||
|
|
else:
|
||
|
|
self.send_error(400, "Bad request syntax (%s)" % `requestline`)
|
||
|
|
return
|
||
|
|
self.command, self.path, self.request_version = command, path, version
|
||
|
|
self.headers = self.MessageClass(self.rfile, 0)
|
||
|
|
mname = 'do_' + command
|
||
|
|
if not hasattr(self, mname):
|
||
|
|
self.send_error(501, "Unsupported method (%s)" % `mname`)
|
||
|
|
return
|
||
|
|
method = getattr(self, mname)
|
||
|
|
method()
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
def send_error(self, code, message=None):
|
||
|
|
"""Send and log an error reply.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
Arguments are the error code, and a detailed message.
|
||
|
|
The detailed message defaults to the short entry matching the
|
||
|
|
response code.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
This sends an error response (so it must be called before any
|
||
|
|
output has been generated), logs the error, and finally sends
|
||
|
|
a piece of HTML explaining the error to the user.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
"""
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
try:
|
||
|
|
short, long = self.responses[code]
|
||
|
|
except KeyError:
|
||
|
|
short, long = '???', '???'
|
||
|
|
if not message:
|
||
|
|
message = short
|
||
|
|
explain = long
|
||
|
|
self.log_error("code %d, message %s", code, message)
|
||
|
|
self.send_response(code, message)
|
||
|
|
self.end_headers()
|
||
|
|
self.wfile.write(self.error_message_format %
|
||
|
|
{'code': code,
|
||
|
|
'message': message,
|
||
|
|
'explain': explain})
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
error_message_format = DEFAULT_ERROR_MESSAGE
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
def send_response(self, code, message=None):
|
||
|
|
"""Send the response header and log the response code.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
Also send two standard headers with the server software
|
||
|
|
version and the current date.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
"""
|
||
|
|
self.log_request(code)
|
||
|
|
if message is None:
|
||
|
|
if self.responses.has_key(code):
|
||
|
|
message = self.responses[code][1]
|
||
|
|
else:
|
||
|
|
message = ''
|
||
|
|
if self.request_version != 'HTTP/0.9':
|
||
|
|
self.wfile.write("%s %s %s\r\n" %
|
||
|
|
(self.protocol_version, str(code), message))
|
||
|
|
self.send_header('Server', self.version_string())
|
||
|
|
self.send_header('Date', self.date_time_string())
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
def send_header(self, keyword, value):
|
||
|
|
"""Send a MIME header."""
|
||
|
|
if self.request_version != 'HTTP/0.9':
|
||
|
|
self.wfile.write("%s: %s\r\n" % (keyword, value))
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
def end_headers(self):
|
||
|
|
"""Send the blank line ending the MIME headers."""
|
||
|
|
if self.request_version != 'HTTP/0.9':
|
||
|
|
self.wfile.write("\r\n")
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
def log_request(self, code='-', size='-'):
|
||
|
|
"""Log an accepted request.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
This is called by send_reponse().
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
"""
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
self.log_message('"%s" %s %s',
|
||
|
|
self.requestline, str(code), str(size))
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
def log_error(self, *args):
|
||
|
|
"""Log an error.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
This is called when a request cannot be fulfilled. By
|
||
|
|
default it passes the message on to log_message().
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
Arguments are the same as for log_message().
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
XXX This should go to the separate error log.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
"""
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
apply(self.log_message, args)
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
def log_message(self, format, *args):
|
||
|
|
"""Log an arbitrary message.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
This is used by all other logging functions. Override
|
||
|
|
it if you have specific logging wishes.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
The first argument, FORMAT, is a format string for the
|
||
|
|
message to be logged. If the format string contains
|
||
|
|
any % escapes requiring parameters, they should be
|
||
|
|
specified as subsequent arguments (it's just like
|
||
|
|
printf!).
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
The client host and current date/time are prefixed to
|
||
|
|
every message.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
"""
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
sys.stderr.write("%s - - [%s] %s\n" %
|
||
|
|
(self.address_string(),
|
||
|
|
self.log_date_time_string(),
|
||
|
|
format%args))
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
def version_string(self):
|
||
|
|
"""Return the server software version string."""
|
||
|
|
return self.server_version + ' ' + self.sys_version
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
def date_time_string(self):
|
||
|
|
"""Return the current date and time formatted for a message header."""
|
||
|
|
now = time.time()
|
||
|
|
year, month, day, hh, mm, ss, wd, y, z = time.gmtime(now)
|
||
|
|
s = "%s, %02d %3s %4d %02d:%02d:%02d GMT" % (
|
||
|
|
self.weekdayname[wd],
|
||
|
|
day, self.monthname[month], year,
|
||
|
|
hh, mm, ss)
|
||
|
|
return s
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
def log_date_time_string(self):
|
||
|
|
"""Return the current time formatted for logging."""
|
||
|
|
now = time.time()
|
||
|
|
year, month, day, hh, mm, ss, x, y, z = time.localtime(now)
|
||
|
|
s = "%02d/%3s/%04d %02d:%02d:%02d" % (
|
||
|
|
day, self.monthname[month], year, hh, mm, ss)
|
||
|
|
return s
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
weekdayname = ['Mon', 'Tue', 'Wed', 'Thu', 'Fri', 'Sat', 'Sun']
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
monthname = [None,
|
||
|
|
'Jan', 'Feb', 'Mar', 'Apr', 'May', 'Jun',
|
||
|
|
'Jul', 'Aug', 'Sep', 'Oct', 'Nov', 'Dec']
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
def address_string(self):
|
||
|
|
"""Return the client address formatted for logging.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
This version looks up the full hostname using gethostbyaddr(),
|
||
|
|
and tries to find a name that contains at least one dot.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
"""
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
(host, port) = self.client_address
|
||
|
|
try:
|
||
|
|
name, names, addresses = socket.gethostbyaddr(host)
|
||
|
|
except socket.error, msg:
|
||
|
|
return host
|
||
|
|
names.insert(0, name)
|
||
|
|
for name in names:
|
||
|
|
if '.' in name: return name
|
||
|
|
return names[0]
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
# Essentially static class variables
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
# The version of the HTTP protocol we support.
|
||
|
|
# Don't override unless you know what you're doing (hint: incoming
|
||
|
|
# requests are required to have exactly this version string).
|
||
|
|
protocol_version = "HTTP/1.0"
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
# The Message-like class used to parse headers
|
||
|
|
MessageClass = mimetools.Message
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
# Table mapping response codes to messages; entries have the
|
||
|
|
# form {code: (shortmessage, longmessage)}.
|
||
|
|
# See http://www.w3.org/hypertext/WWW/Protocols/HTTP/HTRESP.html
|
||
|
|
responses = {
|
||
|
|
200: ('OK', 'Request fulfilled, document follows'),
|
||
|
|
201: ('Created', 'Document created, URL follows'),
|
||
|
|
202: ('Accepted',
|
||
|
|
'Request accepted, processing continues off-line'),
|
||
|
|
203: ('Partial information', 'Request fulfilled from cache'),
|
||
|
|
204: ('No response', 'Request fulfilled, nothing follows'),
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
301: ('Moved', 'Object moved permanently -- see URI list'),
|
||
|
|
302: ('Found', 'Object moved temporarily -- see URI list'),
|
||
|
|
303: ('Method', 'Object moved -- see Method and URL list'),
|
||
|
|
304: ('Not modified',
|
||
|
|
'Document has not changed singe given time'),
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
400: ('Bad request',
|
||
|
|
'Bad request syntax or unsupported method'),
|
||
|
|
401: ('Unauthorized',
|
||
|
|
'No permission -- see authorization schemes'),
|
||
|
|
402: ('Payment required',
|
||
|
|
'No payment -- see charging schemes'),
|
||
|
|
403: ('Forbidden',
|
||
|
|
'Request forbidden -- authorization will not help'),
|
||
|
|
404: ('Not found', 'Nothing matches the given URI'),
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
500: ('Internal error', 'Server got itself in trouble'),
|
||
|
|
501: ('Not implemented',
|
||
|
|
'Server does not support this operation'),
|
||
|
|
502: ('Service temporarily overloaded',
|
||
|
|
'The server cannot process the request due to a high load'),
|
||
|
|
503: ('Gateway timeout',
|
||
|
|
'The gateway server did not receive a timely response'),
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
}
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
def test(HandlerClass = BaseHTTPRequestHandler,
|
||
|
|
ServerClass = HTTPServer):
|
||
|
|
"""Test the HTTP request handler class.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
This runs an HTTP server on port 8000 (or the first command line
|
||
|
|
argument).
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
"""
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
if sys.argv[1:]:
|
||
|
|
port = string.atoi(sys.argv[1])
|
||
|
|
else:
|
||
|
|
port = 8000
|
||
|
|
server_address = ('', port)
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
httpd = ServerClass(server_address, HandlerClass)
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
print "Serving HTTP on port", port, "..."
|
||
|
|
httpd.serve_forever()
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
if __name__ == '__main__':
|
||
|
|
test()
|