1992-04-06 14:04:04 +00:00
										 
									 
								 
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								\documentstyle[twoside,11pt,myformat]{report}
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											1991-02-19 12:53:17 +00:00
										 
									 
								 
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											1995-02-28 17:14:32 +00:00
										 
									 
								 
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								% NOTE: this file controls which chapters/sections of the library
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								% manual are actually printed.  It is easy to customize your manual
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								% by commenting out sections that you're not interested in.
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											1994-08-01 12:22:53 +00:00
										 
									 
								 
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								\title{Python Library Reference}
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											1991-01-22 11:45:29 +00:00
										 
									 
								 
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											1994-10-06 10:29:26 +00:00
										 
									 
								 
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								\input{boilerplate}
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											1994-08-01 12:22:53 +00:00
										 
									 
								 
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								\makeindex			% tell \index to actually write the .idx file
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											1993-11-23 16:28:45 +00:00
										 
									 
								 
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											1992-01-07 16:40:44 +00:00
										 
									 
								 
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											1991-01-22 11:45:29 +00:00
										 
									 
								 
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								\begin{document}
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											1994-08-01 12:22:53 +00:00
										 
									 
								 
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											1991-01-22 11:45:29 +00:00
										 
									 
								 
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								\pagenumbering{roman}
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								\maketitle
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											1994-10-06 10:29:26 +00:00
										 
									 
								 
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								\input{copyright}
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											1991-01-22 11:45:29 +00:00
										 
									 
								 
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								\begin{abstract}
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								\noindent
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											1995-03-30 16:01:33 +00:00
										 
									 
								 
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								Python is an extensible, interpreted, object-oriented programming
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								language.  It supports a wide range of applications, from simple text
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								processing scripts to interactive WWW browsers.
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								While the {\em Python Reference Manual} describes the exact syntax and
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								semantics of the language, it does not describe the standard library
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								that is distributed with the language, and which greatly enhances its
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								immediate usability.  This library contains built-in modules (written
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								in C) that provide access to system functionality such as file I/O
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								that would otherwise be inaccessible to Python programmers, as well as
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								modules written in Python that provide standardized solutions for many
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								problems that occur in everyday programming.  Some of these modules
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								are explicitly designed to encourage and enhance the portability of
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								Python programs.
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								This library reference manual documents Python's standard library, as
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								well as many optional library modules (which may or may not be
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								available, depending on whether the underlying platform supports them
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								and on the configuration choices made at compile time).  It also
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								documents the standard types of the language and its built-in
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								functions and exceptions, many of which are not or incompletely
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								documented in the Reference Manual.
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								This manual assumes basic knowledge about the Python language.  For an
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								informal introduction to Python, see the {\em Python Tutorial}; the
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								Python Reference Manual remains the highest authority on syntactic and
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								semantic questions.  Finally, the manual entitled {\em Extending and
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								Embedding the Python Interpreter} describes how to add new extensions
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								to Python and how to embed it in other applications.
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											1991-01-22 11:45:29 +00:00
										 
									 
								 
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								\end{abstract}
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								\pagebreak
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											1992-01-29 14:46:35 +00:00
										 
									 
								 
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								{
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								\parskip = 0mm
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											1991-01-22 11:45:29 +00:00
										 
									 
								 
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								\tableofcontents
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											1992-01-29 14:46:35 +00:00
										 
									 
								 
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								}
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											1991-01-22 11:45:29 +00:00
										 
									 
								 
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								\pagebreak
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								\pagenumbering{arabic}
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											1992-03-24 13:34:33 +00:00
										 
									 
								 
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											1994-08-01 12:22:53 +00:00
										 
									 
								 
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												% Chapter title:
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								\input{libintro}		% Introduction
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								\input{libobjs}			% Built-in Types, Exceptions and Functions
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								\input{libtypes}
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								\input{libexcs}
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								\input{libfuncs}
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											1995-03-28 13:35:14 +00:00
										 
									 
								 
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								\input{libpython}		% Python Services
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											1994-08-01 12:22:53 +00:00
										 
									 
								 
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								\input{libsys}
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											1995-03-28 13:35:14 +00:00
										 
									 
								 
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								\input{libtypes2}		% types is already taken :-(
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								\input{libtraceback}
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								\input{libpickle}
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								\input{libshelve}
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								\input{libcopy}
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								\input{libmarshal}
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											1995-01-04 19:17:34 +00:00
										 
									 
								 
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								\input{libimp}
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											1996-09-10 17:37:05 +00:00
										 
									 
								 
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								\input{librexec}
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								\input{libbastion}
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											1995-10-11 17:32:29 +00:00
										 
									 
								 
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								\input{libparser}
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											1995-03-28 13:35:14 +00:00
										 
									 
								 
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								\input{libbltin}		% really __builtin__
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											1994-08-01 12:22:53 +00:00
										 
									 
								 
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								\input{libmain}			% really __main__
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											1995-03-28 13:35:14 +00:00
										 
									 
								 
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								\input{libstrings}		% String Services
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								\input{libstring}
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											1994-08-01 12:22:53 +00:00
										 
									 
								 
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								\input{libregex}
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											1995-03-28 13:35:14 +00:00
										 
									 
								 
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								\input{libregsub}
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											1994-08-01 12:22:53 +00:00
										 
									 
								 
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								\input{libstruct}
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											1995-03-28 13:35:14 +00:00
										 
									 
								 
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								\input{libmisc}			% Miscellaneous Services
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								\input{libmath}
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											1994-08-01 12:22:53 +00:00
										 
									 
								 
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								\input{librand}
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								\input{libwhrandom}
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											1995-03-28 13:35:14 +00:00
										 
									 
								 
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								\input{libarray}
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											1995-03-02 12:38:39 +00:00
										 
									 
								 
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											1995-03-28 13:35:14 +00:00
										 
									 
								 
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								\input{liballos}		% Generic Operating System Services
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								\input{libos}
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								\input{libtime}
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								\input{libgetopt}
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								\input{libtempfile}
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											1996-07-30 18:20:01 +00:00
										 
									 
								 
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								\input{liberrno}
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											1995-03-02 12:38:39 +00:00
										 
									 
								 
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											1995-03-28 13:35:14 +00:00
										 
									 
								 
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								\input{libsomeos}		% Optional Operating System Services
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								\input{libsignal}
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								\input{libsocket}
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								\input{libselect}
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								\input{libthread}
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											1994-08-01 12:22:53 +00:00
										 
									 
								 
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											1995-03-28 13:35:14 +00:00
										 
									 
								 
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								\input{libunix}			% UNIX Specific Services
							 | 
						
					
						
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								\input{libposix}
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								\input{libppath}		% == posixpath
							 | 
						
					
						
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								\input{libpwd}
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								\input{libgrp}
							 | 
						
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											1996-04-10 16:18:20 +00:00
										 
									 
								 
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								\input{libcrypt}
							 | 
						
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											1994-08-01 12:22:53 +00:00
										 
									 
								 
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								\input{libdbm}
							 | 
						
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											1994-08-08 08:03:24 +00:00
										 
									 
								 
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								\input{libgdbm}
							 | 
						
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											1995-03-28 13:35:14 +00:00
										 
									 
								 
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								\input{libtermios}
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								\input{libfcntl}
							 | 
						
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											1995-01-04 19:17:34 +00:00
										 
									 
								 
							 | 
							
								
									
										
									
								
							 | 
							
								
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								\input{libposixfile}
							 | 
						
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											1995-10-09 20:49:57 +00:00
										 
									 
								 
							 | 
							
								
									
										
									
								
							 | 
							
								
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								\input{libsyslog}
							 | 
						
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											1994-08-01 12:22:53 +00:00
										 
									 
								 
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							 | 
						
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											1995-03-28 13:35:14 +00:00
										 
									 
								 
							 | 
							
								
									
										
									
								
							 | 
							
								
							 | 
							
							
								\input{libpdb}			% The Python Debugger
							 | 
						
					
						
							| 
								
							 | 
							
								
							 | 
							
								
							 | 
							
							
								
							 | 
						
					
						
							| 
								
							 | 
							
								
							 | 
							
								
							 | 
							
							
								\input{libprofile}		% The Python Profiler
							 | 
						
					
						
							| 
								
							 | 
							
								
							 | 
							
								
							 | 
							
							
								
							 | 
						
					
						
							| 
								
							 | 
							
								
							 | 
							
								
							 | 
							
							
								\input{libwww}			% Internet and WWW Services
							 | 
						
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											1995-02-27 17:53:25 +00:00
										 
									 
								 
							 | 
							
								
									
										
									
								
							 | 
							
								
							 | 
							
							
								\input{libcgi}
							 | 
						
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											1995-03-22 15:48:46 +00:00
										 
									 
								 
							 | 
							
								
									
										
									
								
							 | 
							
								
							 | 
							
							
								\input{liburllib}
							 | 
						
					
						
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							 | 
							
								
							 | 
							
								
							 | 
							
							
								\input{libhttplib}
							 | 
						
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											1995-02-16 16:28:22 +00:00
										 
									 
								 
							 | 
							
								
									
										
									
								
							 | 
							
								
							 | 
							
							
								\input{libftplib}
							 | 
						
					
						
							| 
								
							 | 
							
								
							 | 
							
								
							 | 
							
							
								\input{libgopherlib}
							 | 
						
					
						
							| 
								
							 | 
							
								
							 | 
							
								
							 | 
							
							
								\input{libnntplib}
							 | 
						
					
						
							| 
								
							 | 
							
								
							 | 
							
								
							 | 
							
							
								\input{liburlparse}
							 | 
						
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											1995-03-22 15:48:46 +00:00
										 
									 
								 
							 | 
							
								
									
										
									
								
							 | 
							
								
							 | 
							
							
								\input{libsgmllib}
							 | 
						
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											1996-10-09 14:36:54 +00:00
										 
									 
								 
							 | 
							
								
									
										
									
								
							 | 
							
								
							 | 
							
							
								\input{libhtmllib}
							 | 
						
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											1996-10-08 21:54:41 +00:00
										 
									 
								 
							 | 
							
								
									
										
									
								
							 | 
							
								
							 | 
							
							
								\input{libformatter}
							 | 
						
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											1995-03-22 15:48:46 +00:00
										 
									 
								 
							 | 
							
								
									
										
									
								
							 | 
							
								
							 | 
							
							
								\input{librfc822}
							 | 
						
					
						
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							 | 
							
								
							 | 
							
								
							 | 
							
							
								\input{libmimetools}
							 | 
						
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											1995-08-29 11:30:24 +00:00
										 
									 
								 
							 | 
							
								
									
										
									
								
							 | 
							
								
							 | 
							
							
								\input{libbinascii}
							 | 
						
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											1996-08-19 22:58:03 +00:00
										 
									 
								 
							 | 
							
								
									
										
									
								
							 | 
							
								
							 | 
							
							
								\input{libxdrlib}
							 | 
						
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											1995-02-16 16:28:22 +00:00
										 
									 
								 
							 | 
							
								
									
										
									
								
							 | 
							
								
							 | 
							
							
								
							 | 
						
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											1995-03-28 13:35:14 +00:00
										 
									 
								 
							 | 
							
								
									
										
									
								
							 | 
							
								
							 | 
							
							
								\input{libmm}			% Multimedia Services
							 | 
						
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											1994-08-01 12:22:53 +00:00
										 
									 
								 
							 | 
							
								
									
										
									
								
							 | 
							
								
							 | 
							
							
								\input{libaudioop}
							 | 
						
					
						
							| 
								
							 | 
							
								
							 | 
							
								
							 | 
							
							
								\input{libimageop}
							 | 
						
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											1995-03-28 13:35:14 +00:00
										 
									 
								 
							 | 
							
								
									
										
									
								
							 | 
							
								
							 | 
							
							
								\input{libaifc}
							 | 
						
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											1994-08-01 12:22:53 +00:00
										 
									 
								 
							 | 
							
								
									
										
									
								
							 | 
							
								
							 | 
							
							
								\input{libjpeg}
							 | 
						
					
						
							| 
								
							 | 
							
								
							 | 
							
								
							 | 
							
							
								\input{librgbimg}
							 | 
						
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											1996-08-19 22:58:03 +00:00
										 
									 
								 
							 | 
							
								
									
										
									
								
							 | 
							
								
							 | 
							
							
								\input{libimghdr}
							 | 
						
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											1994-08-01 12:22:53 +00:00
										 
									 
								 
							 | 
							
								
									
										
									
								
							 | 
							
								
							 | 
							
							
								
							 | 
						
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											1995-03-28 13:35:14 +00:00
										 
									 
								 
							 | 
							
								
									
										
									
								
							 | 
							
								
							 | 
							
							
								\input{libcrypto}		% Cryptographic Services
							 | 
						
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											1994-08-01 12:22:53 +00:00
										 
									 
								 
							 | 
							
								
									
										
									
								
							 | 
							
								
							 | 
							
							
								\input{libmd5}
							 | 
						
					
						
							| 
								
							 | 
							
								
							 | 
							
								
							 | 
							
							
								\input{libmpz}
							 | 
						
					
						
							| 
								
							 | 
							
								
							 | 
							
								
							 | 
							
							
								\input{librotor}
							 | 
						
					
						
							| 
								
							 | 
							
								
							 | 
							
								
							 | 
							
							
								
							 | 
						
					
						
							| 
								
							 | 
							
								
							 | 
							
								
							 | 
							
							
								%\input{libamoeba}		% AMOEBA ONLY
							 | 
						
					
						
							| 
								
							 | 
							
								
							 | 
							
								
							 | 
							
							
								
							 | 
						
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											1995-02-28 17:14:32 +00:00
										 
									 
								 
							 | 
							
								
									
										
									
								
							 | 
							
								
							 | 
							
							
								\input{libmac}			% MACINTOSH ONLY
							 | 
						
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											1995-03-01 15:38:16 +00:00
										 
									 
								 
							 | 
							
								
									
										
									
								
							 | 
							
								
							 | 
							
							
								\input{libctb}
							 | 
						
					
						
							| 
								
							 | 
							
								
							 | 
							
								
							 | 
							
							
								\input{libmacconsole}
							 | 
						
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											1995-03-07 10:12:11 +00:00
										 
									 
								 
							 | 
							
								
									
										
									
								
							 | 
							
								
							 | 
							
							
								\input{libmacdnr}
							 | 
						
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											1995-03-01 15:38:16 +00:00
										 
									 
								 
							 | 
							
								
									
										
									
								
							 | 
							
								
							 | 
							
							
								\input{libmacfs}
							 | 
						
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											1995-08-14 13:40:05 +00:00
										 
									 
								 
							 | 
							
								
									
										
									
								
							 | 
							
								
							 | 
							
							
								\input{libmacos}
							 | 
						
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											1995-10-10 14:43:20 +00:00
										 
									 
								 
							 | 
							
								
									
										
									
								
							 | 
							
								
							 | 
							
							
								\input{libmacostools}
							 | 
						
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											1995-03-01 15:38:16 +00:00
										 
									 
								 
							 | 
							
								
									
										
									
								
							 | 
							
								
							 | 
							
							
								\input{libmactcp}
							 | 
						
					
						
							| 
								
							 | 
							
								
							 | 
							
								
							 | 
							
							
								\input{libmacspeech}
							 | 
						
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											1995-10-10 14:43:20 +00:00
										 
									 
								 
							 | 
							
								
									
										
									
								
							 | 
							
								
							 | 
							
							
								\input{libmacui}
							 | 
						
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											1994-08-01 12:22:53 +00:00
										 
									 
								 
							 | 
							
								
									
										
									
								
							 | 
							
								
							 | 
							
							
								
							 | 
						
					
						
							| 
								
							 | 
							
								
							 | 
							
								
							 | 
							
							
								\input{libstdwin}		% STDWIN ONLY
							 | 
						
					
						
							| 
								
							 | 
							
								
							 | 
							
								
							 | 
							
							
								
							 | 
						
					
						
							| 
								
							 | 
							
								
							 | 
							
								
							 | 
							
							
								\input{libsgi}			% SGI IRIX ONLY
							 | 
						
					
						
							| 
								
							 | 
							
								
							 | 
							
								
							 | 
							
							
								\input{libal}
							 | 
						
					
						
							| 
								
							 | 
							
								
							 | 
							
								
							 | 
							
							
								%\input{libaudio}
							 | 
						
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											1995-03-28 11:56:52 +00:00
										 
									 
								 
							 | 
							
								
									
										
									
								
							 | 
							
								
							 | 
							
							
								\input{libcd}
							 | 
						
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											1994-08-01 12:22:53 +00:00
										 
									 
								 
							 | 
							
								
									
										
									
								
							 | 
							
								
							 | 
							
							
								\input{libfl}
							 | 
						
					
						
							| 
								
							 | 
							
								
							 | 
							
								
							 | 
							
							
								\input{libfm}
							 | 
						
					
						
							| 
								
							 | 
							
								
							 | 
							
								
							 | 
							
							
								\input{libgl}
							 | 
						
					
						
							| 
								
							 | 
							
								
							 | 
							
								
							 | 
							
							
								\input{libimgfile}
							 | 
						
					
						
							| 
								
							 | 
							
								
							 | 
							
								
							 | 
							
							
								%\input{libpanel}
							 | 
						
					
						
							| 
								
							 | 
							
								
							 | 
							
								
							 | 
							
							
								
							 | 
						
					
						
							| 
								
							 | 
							
								
							 | 
							
								
							 | 
							
							
								\input{libsun}			% SUNOS ONLY
							 | 
						
					
						
							| 
								
							 | 
							
								
							 | 
							
								
							 | 
							
							
								
							 | 
						
					
						
							| 
								
							 | 
							
								
							 | 
							
								
							 | 
							
							
								\input{lib.ind}			% Index
							 | 
						
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											1991-01-22 11:45:29 +00:00
										 
									 
								 
							 | 
							
								
							 | 
							
								
							 | 
							
							
								
							 | 
						
					
						
							| 
								
							 | 
							
								
							 | 
							
								
							 | 
							
							
								\end{document}
							 |