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Add examples to elucidate the formulas (GH-14898) (GH-14899)

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(cherry picked from commit b530a4460b)

Co-authored-by: Raymond Hettinger <rhettinger@users.noreply.github.com>
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Miss Islington (bot) 2019-07-21 16:39:08 -07:00 • committed by Raymond Hettinger
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Doc/library/statistics.rst
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@ -527,14 +527,18 @@ However, for reading convenience, most of the examples show sorted sequences.
The default *method* is "exclusive" and is used for data sampled from
a population that can have more extreme values than found in the
samples. The portion of the population falling below the *i-th* of
*m* data points is computed as ``i / (m + 1)``.
*m* sorted data points is computed as ``i / (m + 1)``. Given nine
sample values, the method sorts them and assigns the following
percentiles: 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, 90%.
Setting the *method* to "inclusive" is used for describing population
data or for samples that include the extreme points. The minimum
value in *dist* is treated as the 0th percentile and the maximum
value is treated as the 100th percentile. The portion of the
population falling below the *i-th* of *m* data points is computed as
``(i - 1) / (m - 1)``.
data or for samples that are known to include the most extreme values
from the population. The minimum value in *dist* is treated as the 0th
percentile and the maximum value is treated as the 100th percentile.
The portion of the population falling below the *i-th* of *m* sorted
data points is computed as ``(i - 1) / (m - 1)``. Given 11 sample
values, the method sorts them and assigns the following percentiles:
0%, 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, 90%, 100%.
If *dist* is an instance of a class that defines an
:meth:`~inv_cdf` method, setting *method* has no effect.