gh-136442: Fix unittest to return exit code 5 when setUpClass raises an exception (#136487)

Lib/test/test_unittest/test_program.py

@@ -75,6 +75,14 @@ def testUnexpectedSuccess(self):
     class Empty(unittest.TestCase):
         pass
 
+    class SetUpClassFailure(unittest.TestCase):
+        @classmethod
+        def setUpClass(cls):
+            super().setUpClass()
+            raise Exception
+        def testPass(self):
+            pass
+
     class TestLoader(unittest.TestLoader):
         """Test loader that returns a suite containing the supplied testcase."""
 
@@ -191,6 +199,18 @@ def test_ExitEmptySuite(self):
         out = stream.getvalue()
         self.assertIn('\nNO TESTS RAN\n', out)
 
+    def test_ExitSetUpClassFailureSuite(self):
+        stream = BufferedWriter()
+        with self.assertRaises(SystemExit) as cm:
+            unittest.main(
+                argv=["setup_class_failure"],
+                testRunner=unittest.TextTestRunner(stream=stream),
+                testLoader=self.TestLoader(self.SetUpClassFailure))
+        self.assertEqual(cm.exception.code, 1)
+        out = stream.getvalue()
+        self.assertIn("ERROR: setUpClass", out)
+        self.assertIn("SetUpClassFailure", out)
+
 
 class InitialisableProgram(unittest.TestProgram):
     exit = False

Lib/unittest/main.py

@@ -269,12 +269,12 @@ def runTests(self):
             testRunner = self.testRunner
         self.result = testRunner.run(self.test)
         if self.exit:
-            if self.result.testsRun == 0 and len(self.result.skipped) == 0:
+            if not self.result.wasSuccessful():
-                sys.exit(_NO_TESTS_EXITCODE)
-            elif self.result.wasSuccessful():
-                sys.exit(0)
-            else:
                 sys.exit(1)
+            elif self.result.testsRun == 0 and len(self.result.skipped) == 0:
+                sys.exit(_NO_TESTS_EXITCODE)
+            else:
+                sys.exit(0)
 
 
 main = TestProgram

Misc/NEWS.d/next/Tests/2025-07-09-21-45-51.gh-issue-136442.jlbklP.rst

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+Use exitcode ``1`` instead of ``5`` if :func:`unittest.TestCase.setUpClass` raises an exception