Add additional pointers to pathlib's mapping to os.path functions (GH-94828)

* Add additional pointers to pathlib's mapping to os.path functions

os.path.splitext has a somewhat quirky signature since it mixes the path and filename components but I wanted the documentation to mention `PurePath.stem` as the natural counterpart to `PurePath.suffix` for the common use of `os.path.splitext` to turn "file.py" into "file" and "py".

Technically this could have some discussion of how to handle the parent directory hierarchy but that seems a bit out of keeping with the spirit of this table so I omitted mentioning `PurePath.parents` here.

* Update Doc/library/pathlib.rst

Co-authored-by: Ezio Melotti <ezio.melotti@gmail.com>

Co-authored-by: Ezio Melotti <ezio.melotti@gmail.com>
(cherry picked from commit 3789c63577)

Co-authored-by: Chris Adams <chris@improbable.org>
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@ -1319,7 +1319,8 @@ Below is a table mapping various :mod:`os` functions to their corresponding
:func:`os.path.basename` :data:`PurePath.name`
:func:`os.path.dirname` :data:`PurePath.parent`
:func:`os.path.samefile` :meth:`Path.samefile`
:func:`os.path.splitext` :data:`PurePath.suffix`
:func:`os.path.splitext` :data:`PurePath.stem` and
:data:`PurePath.suffix`
==================================== ==============================
.. rubric:: Footnotes