From 79051f8a07c69b620bd6087134104c92d8beb696 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: "Miss Islington (bot)"
 <31488909+miss-islington@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Tue, 10 Mar 2026 20:39:40 +0100
Subject: [PATCH] [3.14] gh-142763: Fix race in ZoneInfo cache eviction
 (gh-144978) (#145781)

The cache may be cleared between the evaluation of the if statement and the
call to popitem.

(cherry picked from commit 665c1db94f46f8e1a18a8c2f89adb3bc72cb83dc)

Co-authored-by: Sam Gross <colesbury@gmail.com>
---
 Lib/zoneinfo/_zoneinfo.py                                   | 6 +++++-
 .../2025-12-18-00-00-00.gh-issue-142763.AJpZPVG5.rst        | 2 ++
 2 files changed, 7 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-)
 create mode 100644 Misc/NEWS.d/next/Library/2025-12-18-00-00-00.gh-issue-142763.AJpZPVG5.rst

diff --git a/Lib/zoneinfo/_zoneinfo.py b/Lib/zoneinfo/_zoneinfo.py
index 3ffdb4c8371..bd3fefc6c9d 100644
--- a/Lib/zoneinfo/_zoneinfo.py
+++ b/Lib/zoneinfo/_zoneinfo.py
@@ -47,7 +47,11 @@ def __new__(cls, key):
         cls._strong_cache[key] = cls._strong_cache.pop(key, instance)
 
         if len(cls._strong_cache) > cls._strong_cache_size:
-            cls._strong_cache.popitem(last=False)
+            try:
+                cls._strong_cache.popitem(last=False)
+            except KeyError:
+                # another thread may have already emptied the cache
+                pass
 
         return instance
 
diff --git a/Misc/NEWS.d/next/Library/2025-12-18-00-00-00.gh-issue-142763.AJpZPVG5.rst b/Misc/NEWS.d/next/Library/2025-12-18-00-00-00.gh-issue-142763.AJpZPVG5.rst
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..a5330365e3e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Misc/NEWS.d/next/Library/2025-12-18-00-00-00.gh-issue-142763.AJpZPVG5.rst
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+Fix a race condition between :class:`zoneinfo.ZoneInfo` creation and
+:func:`zoneinfo.ZoneInfo.clear_cache` that could raise :exc:`KeyError`.