Integer to and from text conversions via CPython's bignum `int` type is not safe against denial of service attacks due to malicious input. Very large input strings with hundred thousands of digits can consume several CPU seconds.
This PR comes fresh from a pile of work done in our private PSRT security response team repo.
Signed-off-by: Christian Heimes [Red Hat] <christian@python.org>
Tons-of-polishing-up-by: Gregory P. Smith [Google] <greg@krypto.org>
Reviews via the private PSRT repo via many others (see the NEWS entry in the PR).
<!-- gh-issue-number: gh-95778 -->
* Issue: gh-95778
<!-- /gh-issue-number -->
I wrote up [a one pager for the release managers](https://docs.google.com/document/d/1KjuF_aXlzPUxTK4BMgezGJ2Pn7uevfX7g0_mvgHlL7Y/edit#). Much of that text wound up in the Issue. Backports PRs already exist. See the issue for links.
We only statically initialize for core code and builtin modules. Extension modules still create
the tuple at runtime. We'll solve that part of interpreter isolation separately.
This change includes generated code. The non-generated changes are in:
* Tools/clinic/clinic.py
* Python/getargs.c
* Include/cpython/modsupport.h
* Makefile.pre.in (re-generate global strings after running clinic)
* very minor tweaks to Modules/_codecsmodule.c and Python/Python-tokenize.c
All other changes are generated code (clinic, global strings).
