gh-151613: Fix remote debugging frame cache ABA (#151614)
The remote debugging frame cache previously used only the last_profiled_frame address as its cache anchor. If a frame returned and a later frame reused the same _PyInterpreterFrame address, the profiler could accept a stale cache entry and splice parent frames from a different call chain into the current stack.
This adds a last_profiled_frame_seq counter next to last_profiled_frame, increments it when the anchor advances, stores it in frame cache entries, and validates cache hits against both the frame address and the sequence. Cache miss walks now copy stack chunks before storing new cache entries so stored continuations come from a stable snapshot. The new regression test exercises alternating call chains and checks that cached stacks never contain frames from both branches.
(cherry picked from commit 8cda6ae2f1)
When using blocking mode in the remote debugging profiler, ptrace calls
to seize threads can fail with EPERM if the thread has exited between
listing and attaching, is in a special kernel state, or is already being
traced. Previously this raised a RuntimeError that was caught by the
Python sampling loop,and retried indefinitely since EPERM is
a persistent condition that will not resolve on its own.
Treat EPERM the same as ESRCH by returning 1 (skip this thread) instead
of -1 (fatal error). This allows profiling to continue with the threads
that can be traced rather than entering an endless retry loop printing
the same error message repeatedly.
This PR implements frame caching in the RemoteUnwinder class to significantly reduce memory reads when profiling remote processes with deep call stacks.
When cache_frames=True, the unwinder stores the frame chain from each sample and reuses unchanged portions in subsequent samples. Since most profiling samples capture similar call stacks (especially the parent frames), this optimization avoids repeatedly reading the same frame data from the target process.
The implementation adds a last_profiled_frame field to the thread state that tracks where the previous sample stopped. On the next sample, if the current frame chain reaches this marker, the cached frames from that point onward are reused instead of being re-read from remote memory.
The sampling profiler now enables frame caching by default.
