\xe3'), 'latin-1'),
                b"\n"
                b"\xe3?>")
    def test_html_empty_elems_serialization(self):
        # issue 15970
        # from http://www.w3.org/TR/html401/index/elements.html
        for element in ['AREA', 'BASE', 'BASEFONT', 'BR', 'COL', 'FRAME', 'HR',
                        'IMG', 'INPUT', 'ISINDEX', 'LINK', 'META', 'PARAM']:
            for elem in [element, element.lower()]:
                expected = '<%s>' % elem
                serialized = serialize(ET.XML('<%s />' % elem), method='html')
                self.assertEqual(serialized, expected)
                serialized = serialize(ET.XML('<%s>%s>' % (elem,elem)),
                                       method='html')
                self.assertEqual(serialized, expected)
    def test_dump_attribute_order(self):
        # See BPO 34160
        e = ET.Element('cirriculum', status='public', company='example')
        with support.captured_stdout() as stdout:
            ET.dump(e)
        self.assertEqual(stdout.getvalue(),
                         '\n')
    def test_tree_write_attribute_order(self):
        # See BPO 34160
        root = ET.Element('cirriculum', status='public', company='example')
        self.assertEqual(serialize(root),
                         '')
        self.assertEqual(serialize(root, method='html'),
                '')
    def test_attlist_default(self):
        # Test default attribute values; See BPO 42151.
        root = ET.fromstring(ATTLIST_XML)
        self.assertEqual(root[0].attrib,
                         {'{http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace}lang': 'eng'})
class XMLPullParserTest(unittest.TestCase):
    def _feed(self, parser, data, chunk_size=None):
        if chunk_size is None:
            parser.feed(data)
        else:
            for i in range(0, len(data), chunk_size):
                parser.feed(data[i:i+chunk_size])
    def assert_events(self, parser, expected, max_events=None):
        self.assertEqual(
            [(event, (elem.tag, elem.text))
             for event, elem in islice(parser.read_events(), max_events)],
            expected)
    def assert_event_tuples(self, parser, expected, max_events=None):
        self.assertEqual(
            list(islice(parser.read_events(), max_events)),
            expected)
    def assert_event_tags(self, parser, expected, max_events=None):
        events = islice(parser.read_events(), max_events)
        self.assertEqual([(action, elem.tag) for action, elem in events],
                         expected)
    def test_simple_xml(self):
        for chunk_size in (None, 1, 5):
            with self.subTest(chunk_size=chunk_size):
                parser = ET.XMLPullParser()
                self.assert_event_tags(parser, [])
                self._feed(parser, "\n", chunk_size)
                self.assert_event_tags(parser, [])
                self._feed(parser,
                           "\n  text\n", chunk_size)
                self.assert_event_tags(parser, [('end', 'element')])
                self._feed(parser, "texttail\n", chunk_size)
                self._feed(parser, "\n", chunk_size)
                self.assert_event_tags(parser, [
                    ('end', 'element'),
                    ('end', 'empty-element'),
                    ])
                self._feed(parser, "\n", chunk_size)
                self.assert_event_tags(parser, [('end', 'root')])
                self.assertIsNone(parser.close())
    def test_feed_while_iterating(self):
        parser = ET.XMLPullParser()
        it = parser.read_events()
        self._feed(parser, "\n  text\n")
        action, elem = next(it)
        self.assertEqual((action, elem.tag), ('end', 'element'))
        self._feed(parser, "\n")
        action, elem = next(it)
        self.assertEqual((action, elem.tag), ('end', 'root'))
        with self.assertRaises(StopIteration):
            next(it)
    def test_simple_xml_with_ns(self):
        parser = ET.XMLPullParser()
        self.assert_event_tags(parser, [])
        self._feed(parser, "\n")
        self.assert_event_tags(parser, [])
        self._feed(parser, "\n")
        self.assert_event_tags(parser, [])
        self._feed(parser, "text\n")
        self.assert_event_tags(parser, [('end', '{namespace}element')])
        self._feed(parser, "texttail\n")
        self._feed(parser, "\n")
        self.assert_event_tags(parser, [
            ('end', '{namespace}element'),
            ('end', '{namespace}empty-element'),
            ])
        self._feed(parser, "\n")
        self.assert_event_tags(parser, [('end', '{namespace}root')])
        self.assertIsNone(parser.close())
    def test_ns_events(self):
        parser = ET.XMLPullParser(events=('start-ns', 'end-ns'))
        self._feed(parser, "\n")
        self._feed(parser, "\n")
        self.assertEqual(
            list(parser.read_events()),
            [('start-ns', ('', 'namespace'))])
        self._feed(parser, "text\n")
        self._feed(parser, "texttail\n")
        self._feed(parser, "\n")
        self._feed(parser, "\n")
        self.assertEqual(list(parser.read_events()), [('end-ns', None)])
        self.assertIsNone(parser.close())
    def test_ns_events_start(self):
        parser = ET.XMLPullParser(events=('start-ns', 'start', 'end'))
        self._feed(parser, "\n")
        self.assert_event_tuples(parser, [
            ('start-ns', ('', 'abc')),
            ('start-ns', ('p', 'xyz')),
        ], max_events=2)
        self.assert_event_tags(parser, [
            ('start', '{abc}tag'),
        ], max_events=1)
        self._feed(parser, "\n")
        self.assert_event_tags(parser, [
            ('start', '{abc}child'),
            ('end', '{abc}child'),
        ])
        self._feed(parser, "\n")
        parser.close()
        self.assert_event_tags(parser, [
            ('end', '{abc}tag'),
        ])
    def test_ns_events_start_end(self):
        parser = ET.XMLPullParser(events=('start-ns', 'start', 'end', 'end-ns'))
        self._feed(parser, "\n")
        self.assert_event_tuples(parser, [
            ('start-ns', ('', 'abc')),
            ('start-ns', ('p', 'xyz')),
        ], max_events=2)
        self.assert_event_tags(parser, [
            ('start', '{abc}tag'),
        ], max_events=1)
        self._feed(parser, "\n")
        self.assert_event_tags(parser, [
            ('start', '{abc}child'),
            ('end', '{abc}child'),
        ])
        self._feed(parser, "\n")
        parser.close()
        self.assert_event_tags(parser, [
            ('end', '{abc}tag'),
        ], max_events=1)
        self.assert_event_tuples(parser, [
            ('end-ns', None),
            ('end-ns', None),
        ])
    def test_events(self):
        parser = ET.XMLPullParser(events=())
        self._feed(parser, "\n")
        self.assert_event_tags(parser, [])
        parser = ET.XMLPullParser(events=('start', 'end'))
        self._feed(parser, "\n")
        self.assert_events(parser, [])
        parser = ET.XMLPullParser(events=('start', 'end'))
        self._feed(parser, "\n")
        self.assert_event_tags(parser, [('start', 'root')])
        self._feed(parser, "text\n")
        self.assert_event_tags(parser, [('end', 'element')])
        self._feed(parser,
                   "texttail\n")
        self.assert_event_tags(parser, [
            ('start', '{foo}element'),
            ('start', '{foo}empty-element'),
            ('end', '{foo}empty-element'),
            ('end', '{foo}element'),
            ])
        self._feed(parser, "")
        self.assertIsNone(parser.close())
        self.assert_event_tags(parser, [('end', 'root')])
        parser = ET.XMLPullParser(events=('start',))
        self._feed(parser, "\n")
        self.assert_event_tags(parser, [])
        self._feed(parser, "\n")
        self.assert_event_tags(parser, [('start', 'root')])
        self._feed(parser, "text\n")
        self.assert_event_tags(parser, [])
        self._feed(parser,
                   "texttail\n")
        self.assert_event_tags(parser, [
            ('start', '{foo}element'),
            ('start', '{foo}empty-element'),
            ])
        self._feed(parser, "")
        self.assertIsNone(parser.close())
    def test_events_comment(self):
        parser = ET.XMLPullParser(events=('start', 'comment', 'end'))
        self._feed(parser, "\n")
        self.assert_events(parser, [('comment', (ET.Comment, ' text here '))])
        self._feed(parser, "\n")
        self.assert_events(parser, [('comment', (ET.Comment, ' more text here '))])
        self._feed(parser, "text")
        self.assert_event_tags(parser, [('start', 'root-tag')])
        self._feed(parser, "\n")
        self.assert_events(parser, [('comment', (ET.Comment, ' inner comment'))])
        self._feed(parser, "\n")
        self.assert_event_tags(parser, [('end', 'root-tag')])
        self._feed(parser, "\n")
        self.assert_events(parser, [('comment', (ET.Comment, ' outer comment '))])
        parser = ET.XMLPullParser(events=('comment',))
        self._feed(parser, "\n")
        self.assert_events(parser, [('comment', (ET.Comment, ' text here '))])
    def test_events_pi(self):
        parser = ET.XMLPullParser(events=('start', 'pi', 'end'))
        self._feed(parser, "\n")
        self.assert_events(parser, [('pi', (ET.PI, 'pitarget'))])
        parser = ET.XMLPullParser(events=('pi',))
        self._feed(parser, "\n")
        self.assert_events(parser, [('pi', (ET.PI, 'pitarget some text '))])
    def test_events_sequence(self):
        # Test that events can be some sequence that's not just a tuple or list
        eventset = {'end', 'start'}
        parser = ET.XMLPullParser(events=eventset)
        self._feed(parser, "bar")
        self.assert_event_tags(parser, [('start', 'foo'), ('end', 'foo')])
        class DummyIter:
            def __init__(self):
                self.events = iter(['start', 'end', 'start-ns'])
            def __iter__(self):
                return self
            def __next__(self):
                return next(self.events)
        parser = ET.XMLPullParser(events=DummyIter())
        self._feed(parser, "bar")
        self.assert_event_tags(parser, [('start', 'foo'), ('end', 'foo')])
    def test_unknown_event(self):
        with self.assertRaises(ValueError):
            ET.XMLPullParser(events=('start', 'end', 'bogus'))
#
# xinclude tests (samples from appendix C of the xinclude specification)
XINCLUDE = {}
XINCLUDE["C1.xml"] = """\
  120 Mz is adequate for an average home user.
  
"""
XINCLUDE["disclaimer.xml"] = """\
  The opinions represented herein represent those of the individual
  and should not be interpreted as official policy endorsed by this
  organization.
"""
XINCLUDE["C2.xml"] = """\
  This document has been accessed
   times.
"""
XINCLUDE["count.txt"] = "324387"
XINCLUDE["C2b.xml"] = """\
  This document has been accessed
   times.
"""
XINCLUDE["C3.xml"] = """\
  The following is the source of the "data.xml" resource:
  
"""
XINCLUDE["data.xml"] = """\
  """
XINCLUDE["C5.xml"] = """\
"""
XINCLUDE["default.xml"] = """\
Example.
  
""".format(html.escape(SIMPLE_XMLFILE, True))
XINCLUDE["include_c1_repeated.xml"] = """\
  The following is the source code of Recursive1.xml:
  
  
  
  
"""
#
# badly formatted xi:include tags
XINCLUDE_BAD = {}
XINCLUDE_BAD["B1.xml"] = """\
  120 Mz is adequate for an average home user.
  
"""
XINCLUDE_BAD["B2.xml"] = """\
    
"""
XINCLUDE["Recursive1.xml"] = """\
  The following is the source code of Recursive2.xml:
  
"""
XINCLUDE["Recursive2.xml"] = """\
  The following is the source code of Recursive3.xml:
  
"""
XINCLUDE["Recursive3.xml"] = """\
  The following is the source code of Recursive1.xml:
  
"""
class XIncludeTest(unittest.TestCase):
    def xinclude_loader(self, href, parse="xml", encoding=None):
        try:
            data = XINCLUDE[href]
        except KeyError:
            raise OSError("resource not found")
        if parse == "xml":
            data = ET.XML(data)
        return data
    def none_loader(self, href, parser, encoding=None):
        return None
    def _my_loader(self, href, parse):
        # Used to avoid a test-dependency problem where the default loader
        # of ElementInclude uses the pyET parser for cET tests.
        if parse == 'xml':
            with open(href, 'rb') as f:
                return ET.parse(f).getroot()
        else:
            return None
    def test_xinclude_default(self):
        from xml.etree import ElementInclude
        doc = self.xinclude_loader('default.xml')
        ElementInclude.include(doc, self._my_loader)
        self.assertEqual(serialize(doc),
            '\n'
            '  Example.
\n'
            '  \n'
            '   text\n'
            '   texttail\n'
            '   \n'
            '\n'
            '')
    def test_xinclude(self):
        from xml.etree import ElementInclude
        # Basic inclusion example (XInclude C.1)
        document = self.xinclude_loader("C1.xml")
        ElementInclude.include(document, self.xinclude_loader)
        self.assertEqual(serialize(document),
            '\n'
            '  120 Mz is adequate for an average home user.
\n'
            '  \n'
            '  The opinions represented herein represent those of the individual\n'
            '  and should not be interpreted as official policy endorsed by this\n'
            '  organization.
\n'
            '\n'
            '') # C1
        # Textual inclusion example (XInclude C.2)
        document = self.xinclude_loader("C2.xml")
        ElementInclude.include(document, self.xinclude_loader)
        self.assertEqual(serialize(document),
            '\n'
            '  This document has been accessed\n'
            '  324387 times.
\n'
            '') # C2
        # Textual inclusion after sibling element (based on modified XInclude C.2)
        document = self.xinclude_loader("C2b.xml")
        ElementInclude.include(document, self.xinclude_loader)
        self.assertEqual(serialize(document),
            '\n'
            '  This document has been accessed\n'
            '  324387 times.
\n'
            '') # C2b
        # Textual inclusion of XML example (XInclude C.3)
        document = self.xinclude_loader("C3.xml")
        ElementInclude.include(document, self.xinclude_loader)
        self.assertEqual(serialize(document),
            '\n'
            '  The following is the source of the "data.xml" resource:
\n'
            "  <?xml version='1.0'?>\n"
            '<data>\n'
            '  <item><![CDATA[Brooks & Shields]]></item>\n'
            '</data>\n'
            '\n'
            '') # C3
        # Fallback example (XInclude C.5)
        # Note! Fallback support is not yet implemented
        document = self.xinclude_loader("C5.xml")
        with self.assertRaises(OSError) as cm:
            ElementInclude.include(document, self.xinclude_loader)
        self.assertEqual(str(cm.exception), 'resource not found')
        self.assertEqual(serialize(document),
            '') # C5
    def test_xinclude_repeated(self):
        from xml.etree import ElementInclude
        document = self.xinclude_loader("include_c1_repeated.xml")
        ElementInclude.include(document, self.xinclude_loader)
        self.assertEqual(1+4*2, len(document.findall(".//p")))
    def test_xinclude_failures(self):
        from xml.etree import ElementInclude
        # Test failure to locate included XML file.
        document = ET.XML(XINCLUDE["C1.xml"])
        with self.assertRaises(ElementInclude.FatalIncludeError) as cm:
            ElementInclude.include(document, loader=self.none_loader)
        self.assertEqual(str(cm.exception),
                "cannot load 'disclaimer.xml' as 'xml'")
        # Test failure to locate included text file.
        document = ET.XML(XINCLUDE["C2.xml"])
        with self.assertRaises(ElementInclude.FatalIncludeError) as cm:
            ElementInclude.include(document, loader=self.none_loader)
        self.assertEqual(str(cm.exception),
                "cannot load 'count.txt' as 'text'")
        # Test bad parse type.
        document = ET.XML(XINCLUDE_BAD["B1.xml"])
        with self.assertRaises(ElementInclude.FatalIncludeError) as cm:
            ElementInclude.include(document, loader=self.none_loader)
        self.assertEqual(str(cm.exception),
                "unknown parse type in xi:include tag ('BAD_TYPE')")
        # Test xi:fallback outside xi:include.
        document = ET.XML(XINCLUDE_BAD["B2.xml"])
        with self.assertRaises(ElementInclude.FatalIncludeError) as cm:
            ElementInclude.include(document, loader=self.none_loader)
        self.assertEqual(str(cm.exception),
                "xi:fallback tag must be child of xi:include "
                "('{http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude}fallback')")
        # Test infinitely recursive includes.
        document = self.xinclude_loader("Recursive1.xml")
        with self.assertRaises(ElementInclude.FatalIncludeError) as cm:
            ElementInclude.include(document, self.xinclude_loader)
        self.assertEqual(str(cm.exception),
                "recursive include of Recursive2.xml")
        # Test 'max_depth' limitation.
        document = self.xinclude_loader("Recursive1.xml")
        with self.assertRaises(ElementInclude.FatalIncludeError) as cm:
            ElementInclude.include(document, self.xinclude_loader, max_depth=None)
        self.assertEqual(str(cm.exception),
                "recursive include of Recursive2.xml")
        document = self.xinclude_loader("Recursive1.xml")
        with self.assertRaises(ElementInclude.LimitedRecursiveIncludeError) as cm:
            ElementInclude.include(document, self.xinclude_loader, max_depth=0)
        self.assertEqual(str(cm.exception),
                "maximum xinclude depth reached when including file Recursive2.xml")
        document = self.xinclude_loader("Recursive1.xml")
        with self.assertRaises(ElementInclude.LimitedRecursiveIncludeError) as cm:
            ElementInclude.include(document, self.xinclude_loader, max_depth=1)
        self.assertEqual(str(cm.exception),
                "maximum xinclude depth reached when including file Recursive3.xml")
        document = self.xinclude_loader("Recursive1.xml")
        with self.assertRaises(ElementInclude.LimitedRecursiveIncludeError) as cm:
            ElementInclude.include(document, self.xinclude_loader, max_depth=2)
        self.assertEqual(str(cm.exception),
                "maximum xinclude depth reached when including file Recursive1.xml")
        document = self.xinclude_loader("Recursive1.xml")
        with self.assertRaises(ElementInclude.FatalIncludeError) as cm:
            ElementInclude.include(document, self.xinclude_loader, max_depth=3)
        self.assertEqual(str(cm.exception),
                "recursive include of Recursive2.xml")
# --------------------------------------------------------------------
# reported bugs
class BugsTest(unittest.TestCase):
    def test_bug_xmltoolkit21(self):
        # marshaller gives obscure errors for non-string values
        def check(elem):
            with self.assertRaises(TypeError) as cm:
                serialize(elem)
            self.assertEqual(str(cm.exception),
                    'cannot serialize 123 (type int)')
        elem = ET.Element(123)
        check(elem) # tag
        elem = ET.Element("elem")
        elem.text = 123
        check(elem) # text
        elem = ET.Element("elem")
        elem.tail = 123
        check(elem) # tail
        elem = ET.Element("elem")
        elem.set(123, "123")
        check(elem) # attribute key
        elem = ET.Element("elem")
        elem.set("123", 123)
        check(elem) # attribute value
    def test_bug_xmltoolkit25(self):
        # typo in ElementTree.findtext
        elem = ET.XML(SAMPLE_XML)
        tree = ET.ElementTree(elem)
        self.assertEqual(tree.findtext("tag"), 'text')
        self.assertEqual(tree.findtext("section/tag"), 'subtext')
    def test_bug_xmltoolkit28(self):
        # .//tag causes exceptions
        tree = ET.XML("")
        self.assertEqual(summarize_list(tree.findall(".//thead")), [])
        self.assertEqual(summarize_list(tree.findall(".//tbody")), ['tbody'])
    def test_bug_xmltoolkitX1(self):
        # dump() doesn't flush the output buffer
        tree = ET.XML("")
        with support.captured_stdout() as stdout:
            ET.dump(tree)
            self.assertEqual(stdout.getvalue(), '\n')
    def test_bug_xmltoolkit39(self):
        # non-ascii element and attribute names doesn't work
        tree = ET.XML(b"")
        self.assertEqual(ET.tostring(tree, "utf-8"), b'')
        tree = ET.XML(b""
                      b"")
        self.assertEqual(tree.attrib, {'\xe4ttr': 'v\xe4lue'})
        self.assertEqual(ET.tostring(tree, "utf-8"),
                b'')
        tree = ET.XML(b""
                      b'text')
        self.assertEqual(ET.tostring(tree, "utf-8"),
                b'text')
        tree = ET.Element("t\u00e4g")
        self.assertEqual(ET.tostring(tree, "utf-8"), b'')
        tree = ET.Element("tag")
        tree.set("\u00e4ttr", "v\u00e4lue")
        self.assertEqual(ET.tostring(tree, "utf-8"),
                b'')
    def test_bug_xmltoolkit54(self):
        # problems handling internally defined entities
        e = ET.XML("]>"
                   '&ldots;')
        self.assertEqual(serialize(e, encoding="us-ascii"),
                b'舰')
        self.assertEqual(serialize(e), '\u8230')
    def test_bug_xmltoolkit55(self):
        # make sure we're reporting the first error, not the last
        with self.assertRaises(ET.ParseError) as cm:
            ET.XML(b""
                   b'&ldots;&ndots;&rdots;')
        self.assertEqual(str(cm.exception),
                'undefined entity &ldots;: line 1, column 36')
    def test_bug_xmltoolkit60(self):
        # Handle crash in stream source.
        class ExceptionFile:
            def read(self, x):
                raise OSError
        self.assertRaises(OSError, ET.parse, ExceptionFile())
    def test_bug_xmltoolkit62(self):
        # Don't crash when using custom entities.
        ENTITIES = {'rsquo': '\u2019', 'lsquo': '\u2018'}
        parser = ET.XMLParser()
        parser.entity.update(ENTITIES)
        parser.feed("""
A new cultivar of Begonia plant named ‘BCT9801BEG’.
""")
        t = parser.close()
        self.assertEqual(t.find('.//paragraph').text,
            'A new cultivar of Begonia plant named \u2018BCT9801BEG\u2019.')
    @unittest.skipIf(sys.gettrace(), "Skips under coverage.")
    def test_bug_xmltoolkit63(self):
        # Check reference leak.
        def xmltoolkit63():
            tree = ET.TreeBuilder()
            tree.start("tag", {})
            tree.data("text")
            tree.end("tag")
        xmltoolkit63()
        count = sys.getrefcount(None)
        for i in range(1000):
            xmltoolkit63()
        self.assertEqual(sys.getrefcount(None), count)
    def test_bug_200708_newline(self):
        # Preserve newlines in attributes.
        e = ET.Element('SomeTag', text="def _f():\n  return 3\n")
        self.assertEqual(ET.tostring(e),
                b'')
        self.assertEqual(ET.XML(ET.tostring(e)).get("text"),
                'def _f():\n  return 3\n')
        self.assertEqual(ET.tostring(ET.XML(ET.tostring(e))),
                b'')
    def test_bug_200708_close(self):
        # Test default builder.
        parser = ET.XMLParser() # default
        parser.feed("some text")
        self.assertEqual(parser.close().tag, 'element')
        # Test custom builder.
        class EchoTarget:
            def close(self):
                return ET.Element("element") # simulate root
        parser = ET.XMLParser(target=EchoTarget())
        parser.feed("some text")
        self.assertEqual(parser.close().tag, 'element')
    def test_bug_200709_default_namespace(self):
        e = ET.Element("{default}elem")
        s = ET.SubElement(e, "{default}elem")
        self.assertEqual(serialize(e, default_namespace="default"), # 1
                '')
        e = ET.Element("{default}elem")
        s = ET.SubElement(e, "{default}elem")
        s = ET.SubElement(e, "{not-default}elem")
        self.assertEqual(serialize(e, default_namespace="default"), # 2
            ''
            ''
            ''
            '')
        e = ET.Element("{default}elem")
        s = ET.SubElement(e, "{default}elem")
        s = ET.SubElement(e, "elem") # unprefixed name
        with self.assertRaises(ValueError) as cm:
            serialize(e, default_namespace="default") # 3
        self.assertEqual(str(cm.exception),
                'cannot use non-qualified names with default_namespace option')
    def test_bug_200709_register_namespace(self):
        e = ET.Element("{http://namespace.invalid/does/not/exist/}title")
        self.assertEqual(ET.tostring(e),
            b'')
        ET.register_namespace("foo", "http://namespace.invalid/does/not/exist/")
        e = ET.Element("{http://namespace.invalid/does/not/exist/}title")
        self.assertEqual(ET.tostring(e),
            b'')
        # And the Dublin Core namespace is in the default list:
        e = ET.Element("{http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/}title")
        self.assertEqual(ET.tostring(e),
            b'')
    def test_bug_200709_element_comment(self):
        # Not sure if this can be fixed, really (since the serializer needs
        # ET.Comment, not cET.comment).
        a = ET.Element('a')
        a.append(ET.Comment('foo'))
        self.assertEqual(a[0].tag, ET.Comment)
        a = ET.Element('a')
        a.append(ET.PI('foo'))
        self.assertEqual(a[0].tag, ET.PI)
    def test_bug_200709_element_insert(self):
        a = ET.Element('a')
        b = ET.SubElement(a, 'b')
        c = ET.SubElement(a, 'c')
        d = ET.Element('d')
        a.insert(0, d)
        self.assertEqual(summarize_list(a), ['d', 'b', 'c'])
        a.insert(-1, d)
        self.assertEqual(summarize_list(a), ['d', 'b', 'd', 'c'])
    def test_bug_200709_iter_comment(self):
        a = ET.Element('a')
        b = ET.SubElement(a, 'b')
        comment_b = ET.Comment("TEST-b")
        b.append(comment_b)
        self.assertEqual(summarize_list(a.iter(ET.Comment)), [ET.Comment])
    # --------------------------------------------------------------------
    # reported on bugs.python.org
    def test_bug_1534630(self):
        bob = ET.TreeBuilder()
        e = bob.data("data")
        e = bob.start("tag", {})
        e = bob.end("tag")
        e = bob.close()
        self.assertEqual(serialize(e), '')
    def test_issue6233(self):
        e = ET.XML(b""
                   b't\xc3\xa3g')
        self.assertEqual(ET.tostring(e, 'ascii'),
                b"\n"
                b'tãg')
        e = ET.XML(b""
                   b't\xe3g')
        self.assertEqual(ET.tostring(e, 'ascii'),
                b"\n"
                b'tãg')
    def test_issue3151(self):
        e = ET.XML('')
        self.assertEqual(e.tag, '{${stuff}}localname')
        t = ET.ElementTree(e)
        self.assertEqual(ET.tostring(e), b'')
    def test_issue6565(self):
        elem = ET.XML("")
        self.assertEqual(summarize_list(elem), ['tag'])
        newelem = ET.XML(SAMPLE_XML)
        elem[:] = newelem[:]
        self.assertEqual(summarize_list(elem), ['tag', 'tag', 'section'])
    def test_issue10777(self):
        # Registering a namespace twice caused a "dictionary changed size during
        # iteration" bug.
        ET.register_namespace('test10777', 'http://myuri/')
        ET.register_namespace('test10777', 'http://myuri/')
    def test_lost_text(self):
        # Issue #25902: Borrowed text can disappear
        class Text:
            def __bool__(self):
                e.text = 'changed'
                return True
        e = ET.Element('tag')
        e.text = Text()
        i = e.itertext()
        t = next(i)
        self.assertIsInstance(t, Text)
        self.assertIsInstance(e.text, str)
        self.assertEqual(e.text, 'changed')
    def test_lost_tail(self):
        # Issue #25902: Borrowed tail can disappear
        class Text:
            def __bool__(self):
                e[0].tail = 'changed'
                return True
        e = ET.Element('root')
        e.append(ET.Element('tag'))
        e[0].tail = Text()
        i = e.itertext()
        t = next(i)
        self.assertIsInstance(t, Text)
        self.assertIsInstance(e[0].tail, str)
        self.assertEqual(e[0].tail, 'changed')
    def test_lost_elem(self):
        # Issue #25902: Borrowed element can disappear
        class Tag:
            def __eq__(self, other):
                e[0] = ET.Element('changed')
                next(i)
                return True
        e = ET.Element('root')
        e.append(ET.Element(Tag()))
        e.append(ET.Element('tag'))
        i = e.iter('tag')
        try:
            t = next(i)
        except ValueError:
            self.skipTest('generators are not reentrant')
        self.assertIsInstance(t.tag, Tag)
        self.assertIsInstance(e[0].tag, str)
        self.assertEqual(e[0].tag, 'changed')
    def check_expat224_utf8_bug(self, text):
        xml = b'' % text
        root = ET.XML(xml)
        self.assertEqual(root.get('b'), text.decode('utf-8'))
    def test_expat224_utf8_bug(self):
        # bpo-31170: Expat 2.2.3 had a bug in its UTF-8 decoder.
        # Check that Expat 2.2.4 fixed the bug.
        #
        # Test buffer bounds at odd and even positions.
        text = b'\xc3\xa0' * 1024
        self.check_expat224_utf8_bug(text)
        text = b'x' + b'\xc3\xa0' * 1024
        self.check_expat224_utf8_bug(text)
    def test_expat224_utf8_bug_file(self):
        with open(UTF8_BUG_XMLFILE, 'rb') as fp:
            raw = fp.read()
        root = ET.fromstring(raw)
        xmlattr = root.get('b')
        # "Parse" manually the XML file to extract the value of the 'b'
        # attribute of the  XML element
        text = raw.decode('utf-8').strip()
        text = text.replace('\r\n', ' ')
        text = text[6:-4]
        self.assertEqual(root.get('b'), text)
    def test_39495_treebuilder_start(self):
        self.assertRaises(TypeError, ET.TreeBuilder().start, "tag")
        self.assertRaises(TypeError, ET.TreeBuilder().start, "tag", None)
# --------------------------------------------------------------------
class BasicElementTest(ElementTestCase, unittest.TestCase):
    def test___init__(self):
        tag = "foo"
        attrib = { "zix": "wyp" }
        element_foo = ET.Element(tag, attrib)
        # traits of an element
        self.assertIsInstance(element_foo, ET.Element)
        self.assertIn("tag", dir(element_foo))
        self.assertIn("attrib", dir(element_foo))
        self.assertIn("text", dir(element_foo))
        self.assertIn("tail", dir(element_foo))
        # string attributes have expected values
        self.assertEqual(element_foo.tag, tag)
        self.assertIsNone(element_foo.text)
        self.assertIsNone(element_foo.tail)
        # attrib is a copy
        self.assertIsNot(element_foo.attrib, attrib)
        self.assertEqual(element_foo.attrib, attrib)
        # attrib isn't linked
        attrib["bar"] = "baz"
        self.assertIsNot(element_foo.attrib, attrib)
        self.assertNotEqual(element_foo.attrib, attrib)
    def test_copy(self):
        # Only run this test if Element.copy() is defined.
        if "copy" not in dir(ET.Element):
            raise unittest.SkipTest("Element.copy() not present")
        element_foo = ET.Element("foo", { "zix": "wyp" })
        element_foo.append(ET.Element("bar", { "baz": "qix" }))
        with self.assertWarns(DeprecationWarning):
            element_foo2 = element_foo.copy()
        # elements are not the same
        self.assertIsNot(element_foo2, element_foo)
        # string attributes are equal
        self.assertEqual(element_foo2.tag, element_foo.tag)
        self.assertEqual(element_foo2.text, element_foo.text)
        self.assertEqual(element_foo2.tail, element_foo.tail)
        # number of children is the same
        self.assertEqual(len(element_foo2), len(element_foo))
        # children are the same
        for (child1, child2) in itertools.zip_longest(element_foo, element_foo2):
            self.assertIs(child1, child2)
        # attrib is a copy
        self.assertEqual(element_foo2.attrib, element_foo.attrib)
    def test___copy__(self):
        element_foo = ET.Element("foo", { "zix": "wyp" })
        element_foo.append(ET.Element("bar", { "baz": "qix" }))
        element_foo2 = copy.copy(element_foo)
        # elements are not the same
        self.assertIsNot(element_foo2, element_foo)
        # string attributes are equal
        self.assertEqual(element_foo2.tag, element_foo.tag)
        self.assertEqual(element_foo2.text, element_foo.text)
        self.assertEqual(element_foo2.tail, element_foo.tail)
        # number of children is the same
        self.assertEqual(len(element_foo2), len(element_foo))
        # children are the same
        for (child1, child2) in itertools.zip_longest(element_foo, element_foo2):
            self.assertIs(child1, child2)
        # attrib is a copy
        self.assertEqual(element_foo2.attrib, element_foo.attrib)
    def test___deepcopy__(self):
        element_foo = ET.Element("foo", { "zix": "wyp" })
        element_foo.append(ET.Element("bar", { "baz": "qix" }))
        element_foo2 = copy.deepcopy(element_foo)
        # elements are not the same
        self.assertIsNot(element_foo2, element_foo)
        # string attributes are equal
        self.assertEqual(element_foo2.tag, element_foo.tag)
        self.assertEqual(element_foo2.text, element_foo.text)
        self.assertEqual(element_foo2.tail, element_foo.tail)
        # number of children is the same
        self.assertEqual(len(element_foo2), len(element_foo))
        # children are not the same
        for (child1, child2) in itertools.zip_longest(element_foo, element_foo2):
            self.assertIsNot(child1, child2)
        # attrib is a copy
        self.assertIsNot(element_foo2.attrib, element_foo.attrib)
        self.assertEqual(element_foo2.attrib, element_foo.attrib)
        # attrib isn't linked
        element_foo.attrib["bar"] = "baz"
        self.assertIsNot(element_foo2.attrib, element_foo.attrib)
        self.assertNotEqual(element_foo2.attrib, element_foo.attrib)
    def test_augmentation_type_errors(self):
        e = ET.Element('joe')
        self.assertRaises(TypeError, e.append, 'b')
        self.assertRaises(TypeError, e.extend, [ET.Element('bar'), 'foo'])
        self.assertRaises(TypeError, e.insert, 0, 'foo')
        e[:] = [ET.Element('bar')]
        with self.assertRaises(TypeError):
            e[0] = 'foo'
        with self.assertRaises(TypeError):
            e[:] = [ET.Element('bar'), 'foo']
        if hasattr(e, '__setstate__'):
            state = {
                'tag': 'tag',
                '_children': [None],  # non-Element
                'attrib': 'attr',
                'tail': 'tail',
                'text': 'text',
            }
            self.assertRaises(TypeError, e.__setstate__, state)
        if hasattr(e, '__deepcopy__'):
            class E(ET.Element):
                def __deepcopy__(self, memo):
                    return None  # non-Element
            e[:] = [E('bar')]
            self.assertRaises(TypeError, copy.deepcopy, e)
    def test_cyclic_gc(self):
        class Dummy:
            pass
        # Test the shortest cycle: d->element->d
        d = Dummy()
        d.dummyref = ET.Element('joe', attr=d)
        wref = weakref.ref(d)
        del d
        gc_collect()
        self.assertIsNone(wref())
        # A longer cycle: d->e->e2->d
        e = ET.Element('joe')
        d = Dummy()
        d.dummyref = e
        wref = weakref.ref(d)
        e2 = ET.SubElement(e, 'foo', attr=d)
        del d, e, e2
        gc_collect()
        self.assertIsNone(wref())
        # A cycle between Element objects as children of one another
        # e1->e2->e3->e1
        e1 = ET.Element('e1')
        e2 = ET.Element('e2')
        e3 = ET.Element('e3')
        e3.append(e1)
        e2.append(e3)
        e1.append(e2)
        wref = weakref.ref(e1)
        del e1, e2, e3
        gc_collect()
        self.assertIsNone(wref())
    def test_weakref(self):
        flag = False
        def wref_cb(w):
            nonlocal flag
            flag = True
        e = ET.Element('e')
        wref = weakref.ref(e, wref_cb)
        self.assertEqual(wref().tag, 'e')
        del e
        self.assertEqual(flag, True)
        self.assertEqual(wref(), None)
    def test_get_keyword_args(self):
        e1 = ET.Element('foo' , x=1, y=2, z=3)
        self.assertEqual(e1.get('x', default=7), 1)
        self.assertEqual(e1.get('w', default=7), 7)
    def test_pickle(self):
        # issue #16076: the C implementation wasn't pickleable.
        for proto in range(2, pickle.HIGHEST_PROTOCOL + 1):
            for dumper, loader in product(self.modules, repeat=2):
                e = dumper.Element('foo', bar=42)
                e.text = "text goes here"
                e.tail = "opposite of head"
                dumper.SubElement(e, 'child').append(dumper.Element('grandchild'))
                e.append(dumper.Element('child'))
                e.findall('.//grandchild')[0].set('attr', 'other value')
                e2 = self.pickleRoundTrip(e, 'xml.etree.ElementTree',
                                          dumper, loader, proto)
                self.assertEqual(e2.tag, 'foo')
                self.assertEqual(e2.attrib['bar'], 42)
                self.assertEqual(len(e2), 2)
                self.assertEqualElements(e, e2)
    def test_pickle_issue18997(self):
        for proto in range(2, pickle.HIGHEST_PROTOCOL + 1):
            for dumper, loader in product(self.modules, repeat=2):
                XMLTEXT = """
                    4
                    """
                e1 = dumper.fromstring(XMLTEXT)
                if hasattr(e1, '__getstate__'):
                    self.assertEqual(e1.__getstate__()['tag'], 'group')
                e2 = self.pickleRoundTrip(e1, 'xml.etree.ElementTree',
                                          dumper, loader, proto)
                self.assertEqual(e2.tag, 'group')
                self.assertEqual(e2[0].tag, 'dogs')
class BadElementTest(ElementTestCase, unittest.TestCase):
    def test_extend_mutable_list(self):
        class X:
            @property
            def __class__(self):
                L[:] = [ET.Element('baz')]
                return ET.Element
        L = [X()]
        e = ET.Element('foo')
        try:
            e.extend(L)
        except TypeError:
            pass
        class Y(X, ET.Element):
            pass
        L = [Y('x')]
        e = ET.Element('foo')
        e.extend(L)
    def test_extend_mutable_list2(self):
        class X:
            @property
            def __class__(self):
                del L[:]
                return ET.Element
        L = [X(), ET.Element('baz')]
        e = ET.Element('foo')
        try:
            e.extend(L)
        except TypeError:
            pass
        class Y(X, ET.Element):
            pass
        L = [Y('bar'), ET.Element('baz')]
        e = ET.Element('foo')
        e.extend(L)
    def test_remove_with_mutating(self):
        class X(ET.Element):
            def __eq__(self, o):
                del e[:]
                return False
        e = ET.Element('foo')
        e.extend([X('bar')])
        self.assertRaises(ValueError, e.remove, ET.Element('baz'))
        e = ET.Element('foo')
        e.extend([ET.Element('bar')])
        self.assertRaises(ValueError, e.remove, X('baz'))
    def test_recursive_repr(self):
        # Issue #25455
        e = ET.Element('foo')
        with swap_attr(e, 'tag', e):
            with self.assertRaises(RuntimeError):
                repr(e)  # Should not crash
    def test_element_get_text(self):
        # Issue #27863
        class X(str):
            def __del__(self):
                try:
                    elem.text
                except NameError:
                    pass
        b = ET.TreeBuilder()
        b.start('tag', {})
        b.data('ABCD')
        b.data(X('EFGH'))
        b.data('IJKL')
        b.end('tag')
        elem = b.close()
        self.assertEqual(elem.text, 'ABCDEFGHIJKL')
    def test_element_get_tail(self):
        # Issue #27863
        class X(str):
            def __del__(self):
                try:
                    elem[0].tail
                except NameError:
                    pass
        b = ET.TreeBuilder()
        b.start('root', {})
        b.start('tag', {})
        b.end('tag')
        b.data('ABCD')
        b.data(X('EFGH'))
        b.data('IJKL')
        b.end('root')
        elem = b.close()
        self.assertEqual(elem[0].tail, 'ABCDEFGHIJKL')
    def test_subscr(self):
        # Issue #27863
        class X:
            def __index__(self):
                del e[:]
                return 1
        e = ET.Element('elem')
        e.append(ET.Element('child'))
        e[:X()]  # shouldn't crash
        e.append(ET.Element('child'))
        e[0:10:X()]  # shouldn't crash
    def test_ass_subscr(self):
        # Issue #27863
        class X:
            def __index__(self):
                e[:] = []
                return 1
        e = ET.Element('elem')
        for _ in range(10):
            e.insert(0, ET.Element('child'))
        e[0:10:X()] = []  # shouldn't crash
    def test_treebuilder_start(self):
        # Issue #27863
        def element_factory(x, y):
            return []
        b = ET.TreeBuilder(element_factory=element_factory)
        b.start('tag', {})
        b.data('ABCD')
        self.assertRaises(AttributeError, b.start, 'tag2', {})
        del b
        gc_collect()
    def test_treebuilder_end(self):
        # Issue #27863
        def element_factory(x, y):
            return []
        b = ET.TreeBuilder(element_factory=element_factory)
        b.start('tag', {})
        b.data('ABCD')
        self.assertRaises(AttributeError, b.end, 'tag')
        del b
        gc_collect()
class MutatingElementPath(str):
    def __new__(cls, elem, *args):
        self = str.__new__(cls, *args)
        self.elem = elem
        return self
    def __eq__(self, o):
        del self.elem[:]
        return True
MutatingElementPath.__hash__ = str.__hash__
class BadElementPath(str):
    def __eq__(self, o):
        raise 1/0
BadElementPath.__hash__ = str.__hash__
class BadElementPathTest(ElementTestCase, unittest.TestCase):
    def setUp(self):
        super().setUp()
        from xml.etree import ElementPath
        self.path_cache = ElementPath._cache
        ElementPath._cache = {}
    def tearDown(self):
        from xml.etree import ElementPath
        ElementPath._cache = self.path_cache
        super().tearDown()
    def test_find_with_mutating(self):
        e = ET.Element('foo')
        e.extend([ET.Element('bar')])
        e.find(MutatingElementPath(e, 'x'))
    def test_find_with_error(self):
        e = ET.Element('foo')
        e.extend([ET.Element('bar')])
        try:
            e.find(BadElementPath('x'))
        except ZeroDivisionError:
            pass
    def test_findtext_with_mutating(self):
        e = ET.Element('foo')
        e.extend([ET.Element('bar')])
        e.findtext(MutatingElementPath(e, 'x'))
    def test_findtext_with_error(self):
        e = ET.Element('foo')
        e.extend([ET.Element('bar')])
        try:
            e.findtext(BadElementPath('x'))
        except ZeroDivisionError:
            pass
    def test_findall_with_mutating(self):
        e = ET.Element('foo')
        e.extend([ET.Element('bar')])
        e.findall(MutatingElementPath(e, 'x'))
    def test_findall_with_error(self):
        e = ET.Element('foo')
        e.extend([ET.Element('bar')])
        try:
            e.findall(BadElementPath('x'))
        except ZeroDivisionError:
            pass
class ElementTreeTypeTest(unittest.TestCase):
    def test_istype(self):
        self.assertIsInstance(ET.ParseError, type)
        self.assertIsInstance(ET.QName, type)
        self.assertIsInstance(ET.ElementTree, type)
        self.assertIsInstance(ET.Element, type)
        self.assertIsInstance(ET.TreeBuilder, type)
        self.assertIsInstance(ET.XMLParser, type)
    def test_Element_subclass_trivial(self):
        class MyElement(ET.Element):
            pass
        mye = MyElement('foo')
        self.assertIsInstance(mye, ET.Element)
        self.assertIsInstance(mye, MyElement)
        self.assertEqual(mye.tag, 'foo')
        # test that attribute assignment works (issue 14849)
        mye.text = "joe"
        self.assertEqual(mye.text, "joe")
    def test_Element_subclass_constructor(self):
        class MyElement(ET.Element):
            def __init__(self, tag, attrib={}, **extra):
                super(MyElement, self).__init__(tag + '__', attrib, **extra)
        mye = MyElement('foo', {'a': 1, 'b': 2}, c=3, d=4)
        self.assertEqual(mye.tag, 'foo__')
        self.assertEqual(sorted(mye.items()),
            [('a', 1), ('b', 2), ('c', 3), ('d', 4)])
    def test_Element_subclass_new_method(self):
        class MyElement(ET.Element):
            def newmethod(self):
                return self.tag
        mye = MyElement('joe')
        self.assertEqual(mye.newmethod(), 'joe')
    def test_Element_subclass_find(self):
        class MyElement(ET.Element):
            pass
        e = ET.Element('foo')
        e.text = 'text'
        sub = MyElement('bar')
        sub.text = 'subtext'
        e.append(sub)
        self.assertEqual(e.findtext('bar'), 'subtext')
        self.assertEqual(e.find('bar').tag, 'bar')
        found = list(e.findall('bar'))
        self.assertEqual(len(found), 1, found)
        self.assertEqual(found[0].tag, 'bar')
class ElementFindTest(unittest.TestCase):
    def test_find_simple(self):
        e = ET.XML(SAMPLE_XML)
        self.assertEqual(e.find('tag').tag, 'tag')
        self.assertEqual(e.find('section/tag').tag, 'tag')
        self.assertEqual(e.find('./tag').tag, 'tag')
        e[2] = ET.XML(SAMPLE_SECTION)
        self.assertEqual(e.find('section/nexttag').tag, 'nexttag')
        self.assertEqual(e.findtext('./tag'), 'text')
        self.assertEqual(e.findtext('section/tag'), 'subtext')
        # section/nexttag is found but has no text
        self.assertEqual(e.findtext('section/nexttag'), '')
        self.assertEqual(e.findtext('section/nexttag', 'default'), '')
        # tog doesn't exist and 'default' kicks in
        self.assertIsNone(e.findtext('tog'))
        self.assertEqual(e.findtext('tog', 'default'), 'default')
        # Issue #16922
        self.assertEqual(ET.XML('').findtext('empty'), '')
    def test_find_xpath(self):
        LINEAR_XML = '''
        
            
            
            
            
        '''
        e = ET.XML(LINEAR_XML)
        # Test for numeric indexing and last()
        self.assertEqual(e.find('./tag[1]').attrib['class'], 'a')
        self.assertEqual(e.find('./tag[2]').attrib['class'], 'b')
        self.assertEqual(e.find('./tag[last()]').attrib['class'], 'd')
        self.assertEqual(e.find('./tag[last()-1]').attrib['class'], 'c')
        self.assertEqual(e.find('./tag[last()-2]').attrib['class'], 'b')
        self.assertRaisesRegex(SyntaxError, 'XPath', e.find, './tag[0]')
        self.assertRaisesRegex(SyntaxError, 'XPath', e.find, './tag[-1]')
        self.assertRaisesRegex(SyntaxError, 'XPath', e.find, './tag[last()-0]')
        self.assertRaisesRegex(SyntaxError, 'XPath', e.find, './tag[last()+1]')
    def test_findall(self):
        e = ET.XML(SAMPLE_XML)
        e[2] = ET.XML(SAMPLE_SECTION)
        self.assertEqual(summarize_list(e.findall('.')), ['body'])
        self.assertEqual(summarize_list(e.findall('tag')), ['tag', 'tag'])
        self.assertEqual(summarize_list(e.findall('tog')), [])
        self.assertEqual(summarize_list(e.findall('tog/foo')), [])
        self.assertEqual(summarize_list(e.findall('*')),
            ['tag', 'tag', 'section'])
        self.assertEqual(summarize_list(e.findall('.//tag')),
            ['tag'] * 4)
        self.assertEqual(summarize_list(e.findall('section/tag')), ['tag'])
        self.assertEqual(summarize_list(e.findall('section//tag')), ['tag'] * 2)
        self.assertEqual(summarize_list(e.findall('section/*')),
            ['tag', 'nexttag', 'nextsection'])
        self.assertEqual(summarize_list(e.findall('section//*')),
            ['tag', 'nexttag', 'nextsection', 'tag'])
        self.assertEqual(summarize_list(e.findall('section/.//*')),
            ['tag', 'nexttag', 'nextsection', 'tag'])
        self.assertEqual(summarize_list(e.findall('*/*')),
            ['tag', 'nexttag', 'nextsection'])
        self.assertEqual(summarize_list(e.findall('*//*')),
            ['tag', 'nexttag', 'nextsection', 'tag'])
        self.assertEqual(summarize_list(e.findall('*/tag')), ['tag'])
        self.assertEqual(summarize_list(e.findall('*/./tag')), ['tag'])
        self.assertEqual(summarize_list(e.findall('./tag')), ['tag'] * 2)
        self.assertEqual(summarize_list(e.findall('././tag')), ['tag'] * 2)
        self.assertEqual(summarize_list(e.findall('.//tag[@class]')),
            ['tag'] * 3)
        self.assertEqual(summarize_list(e.findall('.//tag[@class="a"]')),
            ['tag'])
        self.assertEqual(summarize_list(e.findall('.//tag[@class!="a"]')),
            ['tag'] * 2)
        self.assertEqual(summarize_list(e.findall('.//tag[@class="b"]')),
            ['tag'] * 2)
        self.assertEqual(summarize_list(e.findall('.//tag[@class!="b"]')),
            ['tag'])
        self.assertEqual(summarize_list(e.findall('.//tag[@id]')),
            ['tag'])
        self.assertEqual(summarize_list(e.findall('.//section[tag]')),
            ['section'])
        self.assertEqual(summarize_list(e.findall('.//section[element]')), [])
        self.assertEqual(summarize_list(e.findall('../tag')), [])
        self.assertEqual(summarize_list(e.findall('section/../tag')),
            ['tag'] * 2)
        self.assertEqual(e.findall('section//'), e.findall('section//*'))
        self.assertEqual(summarize_list(e.findall(".//section[tag='subtext']")),
            ['section'])
        self.assertEqual(summarize_list(e.findall(".//section[tag ='subtext']")),
            ['section'])
        self.assertEqual(summarize_list(e.findall(".//section[tag= 'subtext']")),
            ['section'])
        self.assertEqual(summarize_list(e.findall(".//section[tag = 'subtext']")),
            ['section'])
        self.assertEqual(summarize_list(e.findall(".//section[ tag = 'subtext' ]")),
            ['section'])
        # Negations of above tests. They match nothing because the sole section
        # tag has subtext.
        self.assertEqual(summarize_list(e.findall(".//section[tag!='subtext']")),
            [])
        self.assertEqual(summarize_list(e.findall(".//section[tag !='subtext']")),
            [])
        self.assertEqual(summarize_list(e.findall(".//section[tag!= 'subtext']")),
            [])
        self.assertEqual(summarize_list(e.findall(".//section[tag != 'subtext']")),
            [])
        self.assertEqual(summarize_list(e.findall(".//section[ tag != 'subtext' ]")),
            [])
        self.assertEqual(summarize_list(e.findall(".//tag[.='subtext']")),
                         ['tag'])
        self.assertEqual(summarize_list(e.findall(".//tag[. ='subtext']")),
                         ['tag'])
        self.assertEqual(summarize_list(e.findall('.//tag[.= "subtext"]')),
                         ['tag'])
        self.assertEqual(summarize_list(e.findall('.//tag[ . = "subtext" ]')),
                         ['tag'])
        self.assertEqual(summarize_list(e.findall(".//tag[. = 'subtext']")),
                         ['tag'])
        self.assertEqual(summarize_list(e.findall(".//tag[. = 'subtext ']")),
                         [])
        self.assertEqual(summarize_list(e.findall(".//tag[.= ' subtext']")),
                         [])
        # Negations of above tests.
        #   Matches everything but the tag containing subtext
        self.assertEqual(summarize_list(e.findall(".//tag[.!='subtext']")),
                         ['tag'] * 3)
        self.assertEqual(summarize_list(e.findall(".//tag[. !='subtext']")),
                         ['tag'] * 3)
        self.assertEqual(summarize_list(e.findall('.//tag[.!= "subtext"]')),
                         ['tag'] * 3)
        self.assertEqual(summarize_list(e.findall('.//tag[ . != "subtext" ]')),
                         ['tag'] * 3)
        self.assertEqual(summarize_list(e.findall(".//tag[. != 'subtext']")),
                         ['tag'] * 3)
        # Matches all tags.
        self.assertEqual(summarize_list(e.findall(".//tag[. != 'subtext ']")),
                         ['tag'] * 4)
        self.assertEqual(summarize_list(e.findall(".//tag[.!= ' subtext']")),
                         ['tag'] * 4)
        # duplicate section => 2x tag matches
        e[1] = e[2]
        self.assertEqual(summarize_list(e.findall(".//section[tag = 'subtext']")),
                         ['section', 'section'])
        self.assertEqual(summarize_list(e.findall(".//tag[. = 'subtext']")),
                         ['tag', 'tag'])
    def test_test_find_with_ns(self):
        e = ET.XML(SAMPLE_XML_NS)
        self.assertEqual(summarize_list(e.findall('tag')), [])
        self.assertEqual(
            summarize_list(e.findall("{http://effbot.org/ns}tag")),
            ['{http://effbot.org/ns}tag'] * 2)
        self.assertEqual(
            summarize_list(e.findall(".//{http://effbot.org/ns}tag")),
            ['{http://effbot.org/ns}tag'] * 3)
    def test_findall_different_nsmaps(self):
        root = ET.XML('''
            
                
                
                
            ''')
        nsmap = {'xx': 'X'}
        self.assertEqual(len(root.findall(".//xx:b", namespaces=nsmap)), 2)
        self.assertEqual(len(root.findall(".//b", namespaces=nsmap)), 2)
        nsmap = {'xx': 'Y'}
        self.assertEqual(len(root.findall(".//xx:b", namespaces=nsmap)), 1)
        self.assertEqual(len(root.findall(".//b", namespaces=nsmap)), 2)
        nsmap = {'xx': 'X', '': 'Y'}
        self.assertEqual(len(root.findall(".//xx:b", namespaces=nsmap)), 2)
        self.assertEqual(len(root.findall(".//b", namespaces=nsmap)), 1)
    def test_findall_wildcard(self):
        root = ET.XML('''
            
                
                
                
            ''')
        root.append(ET.Comment('test'))
        self.assertEqual(summarize_list(root.findall("{*}b")),
                         ['{X}b', 'b', '{Y}b'])
        self.assertEqual(summarize_list(root.findall("{*}c")),
                         ['c'])
        self.assertEqual(summarize_list(root.findall("{X}*")),
                         ['{X}b'])
        self.assertEqual(summarize_list(root.findall("{Y}*")),
                         ['{Y}b'])
        self.assertEqual(summarize_list(root.findall("{}*")),
                         ['b', 'c'])
        self.assertEqual(summarize_list(root.findall("{}b")),  # only for consistency
                         ['b'])
        self.assertEqual(summarize_list(root.findall("{}b")),
                         summarize_list(root.findall("b")))
        self.assertEqual(summarize_list(root.findall("{*}*")),
                         ['{X}b', 'b', 'c', '{Y}b'])
        # This is an unfortunate difference, but that's how find('*') works.
        self.assertEqual(summarize_list(root.findall("{*}*") + [root[-1]]),
                         summarize_list(root.findall("*")))
        self.assertEqual(summarize_list(root.findall(".//{*}b")),
                         ['{X}b', 'b', '{X}b', 'b', '{Y}b'])
        self.assertEqual(summarize_list(root.findall(".//{*}c")),
                         ['c', 'c'])
        self.assertEqual(summarize_list(root.findall(".//{X}*")),
                         ['{X}b', '{X}b'])
        self.assertEqual(summarize_list(root.findall(".//{Y}*")),
                         ['{Y}b'])
        self.assertEqual(summarize_list(root.findall(".//{}*")),
                         ['c', 'b', 'c', 'b'])
        self.assertEqual(summarize_list(root.findall(".//{}b")),  # only for consistency
                         ['b', 'b'])
        self.assertEqual(summarize_list(root.findall(".//{}b")),
                         summarize_list(root.findall(".//b")))
    def test_bad_find(self):
        e = ET.XML(SAMPLE_XML)
        with self.assertRaisesRegex(SyntaxError, 'cannot use absolute path'):
            e.findall('/tag')
    def test_find_through_ElementTree(self):
        e = ET.XML(SAMPLE_XML)
        self.assertEqual(ET.ElementTree(e).find('tag').tag, 'tag')
        self.assertEqual(ET.ElementTree(e).findtext('tag'), 'text')
        self.assertEqual(summarize_list(ET.ElementTree(e).findall('tag')),
            ['tag'] * 2)
        # this produces a warning
        msg = ("This search is broken in 1.3 and earlier, and will be fixed "
               "in a future version.  If you rely on the current behaviour, "
               "change it to '.+'")
        with self.assertWarnsRegex(FutureWarning, msg):
            it = ET.ElementTree(e).findall('//tag')
        self.assertEqual(summarize_list(it), ['tag'] * 3)
class ElementIterTest(unittest.TestCase):
    def _ilist(self, elem, tag=None):
        return summarize_list(elem.iter(tag))
    def test_basic(self):
        doc = ET.XML("this is a paragraph...")
        self.assertEqual(self._ilist(doc), ['html', 'body', 'i'])
        self.assertEqual(self._ilist(doc.find('body')), ['body', 'i'])
        self.assertEqual(next(doc.iter()).tag, 'html')
        self.assertEqual(''.join(doc.itertext()), 'this is a paragraph...')
        self.assertEqual(''.join(doc.find('body').itertext()),
            'this is a paragraph.')
        self.assertEqual(next(doc.itertext()), 'this is a ')
        # iterparse should return an iterator
        sourcefile = serialize(doc, to_string=False)
        self.assertEqual(next(ET.iterparse(sourcefile))[0], 'end')
        # With an explicit parser too (issue #9708)
        sourcefile = serialize(doc, to_string=False)
        parser = ET.XMLParser(target=ET.TreeBuilder())
        self.assertEqual(next(ET.iterparse(sourcefile, parser=parser))[0],
                         'end')
        tree = ET.ElementTree(None)
        self.assertRaises(AttributeError, tree.iter)
        # Issue #16913
        doc = ET.XML("a&b&c&")
        self.assertEqual(''.join(doc.itertext()), 'a&b&c&')
    def test_corners(self):
        # single root, no subelements
        a = ET.Element('a')
        self.assertEqual(self._ilist(a), ['a'])
        # one child
        b = ET.SubElement(a, 'b')
        self.assertEqual(self._ilist(a), ['a', 'b'])
        # one child and one grandchild
        c = ET.SubElement(b, 'c')
        self.assertEqual(self._ilist(a), ['a', 'b', 'c'])
        # two children, only first with grandchild
        d = ET.SubElement(a, 'd')
        self.assertEqual(self._ilist(a), ['a', 'b', 'c', 'd'])
        # replace first child by second
        a[0] = a[1]
        del a[1]
        self.assertEqual(self._ilist(a), ['a', 'd'])
    def test_iter_by_tag(self):
        doc = ET.XML('''
            
                
                    bedroom1
                    bedroom2
                
                nothing here
                
                
                    bedroom8
                
            ''')
        self.assertEqual(self._ilist(doc, 'room'), ['room'] * 3)
        self.assertEqual(self._ilist(doc, 'house'), ['house'] * 2)
        # test that iter also accepts 'tag' as a keyword arg
        self.assertEqual(
            summarize_list(doc.iter(tag='room')),
            ['room'] * 3)
        # make sure both tag=None and tag='*' return all tags
        all_tags = ['document', 'house', 'room', 'room',
                    'shed', 'house', 'room']
        self.assertEqual(summarize_list(doc.iter()), all_tags)
        self.assertEqual(self._ilist(doc), all_tags)
        self.assertEqual(self._ilist(doc, '*'), all_tags)
    def test_copy(self):
        a = ET.Element('a')
        it = a.iter()
        with self.assertRaises(TypeError):
            copy.copy(it)
    def test_pickle(self):
        a = ET.Element('a')
        it = a.iter()
        for proto in range(pickle.HIGHEST_PROTOCOL + 1):
            with self.assertRaises((TypeError, pickle.PicklingError)):
                pickle.dumps(it, proto)
class TreeBuilderTest(unittest.TestCase):
    sample1 = (''
        'textsubtext
tail')
    sample2 = '''sometext'''
    def _check_sample1_element(self, e):
        self.assertEqual(e.tag, 'html')
        self.assertEqual(e.text, 'text')
        self.assertEqual(e.tail, None)
        self.assertEqual(e.attrib, {})
        children = list(e)
        self.assertEqual(len(children), 1)
        child = children[0]
        self.assertEqual(child.tag, 'div')
        self.assertEqual(child.text, 'subtext')
        self.assertEqual(child.tail, 'tail')
        self.assertEqual(child.attrib, {})
    def test_dummy_builder(self):
        class BaseDummyBuilder:
            def close(self):
                return 42
        class DummyBuilder(BaseDummyBuilder):
            data = start = end = lambda *a: None
        parser = ET.XMLParser(target=DummyBuilder())
        parser.feed(self.sample1)
        self.assertEqual(parser.close(), 42)
        parser = ET.XMLParser(target=BaseDummyBuilder())
        parser.feed(self.sample1)
        self.assertEqual(parser.close(), 42)
        parser = ET.XMLParser(target=object())
        parser.feed(self.sample1)
        self.assertIsNone(parser.close())
    def test_treebuilder_comment(self):
        b = ET.TreeBuilder()
        self.assertEqual(b.comment('ctext').tag, ET.Comment)
        self.assertEqual(b.comment('ctext').text, 'ctext')
        b = ET.TreeBuilder(comment_factory=ET.Comment)
        self.assertEqual(b.comment('ctext').tag, ET.Comment)
        self.assertEqual(b.comment('ctext').text, 'ctext')
        b = ET.TreeBuilder(comment_factory=len)
        self.assertEqual(b.comment('ctext'), len('ctext'))
    def test_treebuilder_pi(self):
        b = ET.TreeBuilder()
        self.assertEqual(b.pi('target', None).tag, ET.PI)
        self.assertEqual(b.pi('target', None).text, 'target')
        b = ET.TreeBuilder(pi_factory=ET.PI)
        self.assertEqual(b.pi('target').tag, ET.PI)
        self.assertEqual(b.pi('target').text, "target")
        self.assertEqual(b.pi('pitarget', ' text ').tag, ET.PI)
        self.assertEqual(b.pi('pitarget', ' text ').text, "pitarget  text ")
        b = ET.TreeBuilder(pi_factory=lambda target, text: (len(target), text))
        self.assertEqual(b.pi('target'), (len('target'), None))
        self.assertEqual(b.pi('pitarget', ' text '), (len('pitarget'), ' text '))
    def test_late_tail(self):
        # Issue #37399: The tail of an ignored comment could overwrite the text before it.
        class TreeBuilderSubclass(ET.TreeBuilder):
            pass
        xml = "texttail"
        a = ET.fromstring(xml)
        self.assertEqual(a.text, "texttail")
        parser = ET.XMLParser(target=TreeBuilderSubclass())
        parser.feed(xml)
        a = parser.close()
        self.assertEqual(a.text, "texttail")
        xml = "texttail"
        a = ET.fromstring(xml)
        self.assertEqual(a.text, "texttail")
        xml = "texttail"
        parser = ET.XMLParser(target=TreeBuilderSubclass())
        parser.feed(xml)
        a = parser.close()
        self.assertEqual(a.text, "texttail")
    def test_late_tail_mix_pi_comments(self):
        # Issue #37399: The tail of an ignored comment could overwrite the text before it.
        # Test appending tails to comments/pis.
        class TreeBuilderSubclass(ET.TreeBuilder):
            pass
        xml = "text \ntail"
        parser = ET.XMLParser(target=ET.TreeBuilder(insert_comments=True))
        parser.feed(xml)
        a = parser.close()
        self.assertEqual(a[0].text, ' comment ')
        self.assertEqual(a[0].tail, '\ntail')
        self.assertEqual(a.text, "text ")
        parser = ET.XMLParser(target=TreeBuilderSubclass(insert_comments=True))
        parser.feed(xml)
        a = parser.close()
        self.assertEqual(a[0].text, ' comment ')
        self.assertEqual(a[0].tail, '\ntail')
        self.assertEqual(a.text, "text ")
        xml = "text\ntail"
        parser = ET.XMLParser(target=ET.TreeBuilder(insert_pis=True))
        parser.feed(xml)
        a = parser.close()
        self.assertEqual(a[0].text, 'pi data')
        self.assertEqual(a[0].tail, 'tail')
        self.assertEqual(a.text, "text\n")
        parser = ET.XMLParser(target=TreeBuilderSubclass(insert_pis=True))
        parser.feed(xml)
        a = parser.close()
        self.assertEqual(a[0].text, 'pi data')
        self.assertEqual(a[0].tail, 'tail')
        self.assertEqual(a.text, "text\n")
    def test_treebuilder_elementfactory_none(self):
        parser = ET.XMLParser(target=ET.TreeBuilder(element_factory=None))
        parser.feed(self.sample1)
        e = parser.close()
        self._check_sample1_element(e)
    def test_subclass(self):
        class MyTreeBuilder(ET.TreeBuilder):
            def foobar(self, x):
                return x * 2
        tb = MyTreeBuilder()
        self.assertEqual(tb.foobar(10), 20)
        parser = ET.XMLParser(target=tb)
        parser.feed(self.sample1)
        e = parser.close()
        self._check_sample1_element(e)
    def test_subclass_comment_pi(self):
        class MyTreeBuilder(ET.TreeBuilder):
            def foobar(self, x):
                return x * 2
        tb = MyTreeBuilder(comment_factory=ET.Comment, pi_factory=ET.PI)
        self.assertEqual(tb.foobar(10), 20)
        parser = ET.XMLParser(target=tb)
        parser.feed(self.sample1)
        parser.feed('')
        e = parser.close()
        self._check_sample1_element(e)
    def test_element_factory(self):
        lst = []
        def myfactory(tag, attrib):
            nonlocal lst
            lst.append(tag)
            return ET.Element(tag, attrib)
        tb = ET.TreeBuilder(element_factory=myfactory)
        parser = ET.XMLParser(target=tb)
        parser.feed(self.sample2)
        parser.close()
        self.assertEqual(lst, ['toplevel'])
    def _check_element_factory_class(self, cls):
        tb = ET.TreeBuilder(element_factory=cls)
        parser = ET.XMLParser(target=tb)
        parser.feed(self.sample1)
        e = parser.close()
        self.assertIsInstance(e, cls)
        self._check_sample1_element(e)
    def test_element_factory_subclass(self):
        class MyElement(ET.Element):
            pass
        self._check_element_factory_class(MyElement)
    def test_element_factory_pure_python_subclass(self):
        # Mimick SimpleTAL's behaviour (issue #16089): both versions of
        # TreeBuilder should be able to cope with a subclass of the
        # pure Python Element class.
        base = ET._Element_Py
        # Not from a C extension
        self.assertEqual(base.__module__, 'xml.etree.ElementTree')
        # Force some multiple inheritance with a C class to make things
        # more interesting.
        class MyElement(base, ValueError):
            pass
        self._check_element_factory_class(MyElement)
    def test_doctype(self):
        class DoctypeParser:
            _doctype = None
            def doctype(self, name, pubid, system):
                self._doctype = (name, pubid, system)
            def close(self):
                return self._doctype
        parser = ET.XMLParser(target=DoctypeParser())
        parser.feed(self.sample1)
        self.assertEqual(parser.close(),
            ('html', '-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN',
             'http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd'))
    def test_builder_lookup_errors(self):
        class RaisingBuilder:
            def __init__(self, raise_in=None, what=ValueError):
                self.raise_in = raise_in
                self.what = what
            def __getattr__(self, name):
                if name == self.raise_in:
                    raise self.what(self.raise_in)
                def handle(*args):
                    pass
                return handle
        ET.XMLParser(target=RaisingBuilder())
        # cET also checks for 'close' and 'doctype', PyET does it only at need
        for event in ('start', 'data', 'end', 'comment', 'pi'):
            with self.assertRaisesRegex(ValueError, event):
                ET.XMLParser(target=RaisingBuilder(event))
        ET.XMLParser(target=RaisingBuilder(what=AttributeError))
        for event in ('start', 'data', 'end', 'comment', 'pi'):
            parser = ET.XMLParser(target=RaisingBuilder(event, what=AttributeError))
            parser.feed(self.sample1)
            self.assertIsNone(parser.close())
class XMLParserTest(unittest.TestCase):
    sample1 = b'22'
    sample2 = (b''
        b'text')
    sample3 = ('\n'
        '$\xa3\u20ac\U0001017b')
    def _check_sample_element(self, e):
        self.assertEqual(e.tag, 'file')
        self.assertEqual(e[0].tag, 'line')
        self.assertEqual(e[0].text, '22')
    def test_constructor_args(self):
        parser2 = ET.XMLParser(encoding='utf-8',
                               target=ET.TreeBuilder())
        parser2.feed(self.sample1)
        self._check_sample_element(parser2.close())
    def test_subclass(self):
        class MyParser(ET.XMLParser):
            pass
        parser = MyParser()
        parser.feed(self.sample1)
        self._check_sample_element(parser.close())
    def test_doctype_warning(self):
        with warnings.catch_warnings():
            warnings.simplefilter('error', DeprecationWarning)
            parser = ET.XMLParser()
            parser.feed(self.sample2)
            parser.close()
    def test_subclass_doctype(self):
        _doctype = None
        class MyParserWithDoctype(ET.XMLParser):
            def doctype(self, *args, **kwargs):
                nonlocal _doctype
                _doctype = (args, kwargs)
        parser = MyParserWithDoctype()
        with self.assertWarnsRegex(RuntimeWarning, 'doctype'):
            parser.feed(self.sample2)
        parser.close()
        self.assertIsNone(_doctype)
        _doctype = _doctype2 = None
        with warnings.catch_warnings():
            warnings.simplefilter('error', DeprecationWarning)
            warnings.simplefilter('error', RuntimeWarning)
            class DoctypeParser:
                def doctype(self, name, pubid, system):
                    nonlocal _doctype2
                    _doctype2 = (name, pubid, system)
            parser = MyParserWithDoctype(target=DoctypeParser())
            parser.feed(self.sample2)
            parser.close()
            self.assertIsNone(_doctype)
            self.assertEqual(_doctype2,
                ('html', '-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN',
                 'http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd'))
    def test_inherited_doctype(self):
        '''Ensure that ordinary usage is not deprecated (Issue 19176)'''
        with warnings.catch_warnings():
            warnings.simplefilter('error', DeprecationWarning)
            warnings.simplefilter('error', RuntimeWarning)
            class MyParserWithoutDoctype(ET.XMLParser):
                pass
            parser = MyParserWithoutDoctype()
            parser.feed(self.sample2)
            parser.close()
    def test_parse_string(self):
        parser = ET.XMLParser(target=ET.TreeBuilder())
        parser.feed(self.sample3)
        e = parser.close()
        self.assertEqual(e.tag, 'money')
        self.assertEqual(e.attrib['value'], '$\xa3\u20ac\U0001017b')
        self.assertEqual(e.text, '$\xa3\u20ac\U0001017b')
class NamespaceParseTest(unittest.TestCase):
    def test_find_with_namespace(self):
        nsmap = {'h': 'hello', 'f': 'foo'}
        doc = ET.fromstring(SAMPLE_XML_NS_ELEMS)
        self.assertEqual(len(doc.findall('{hello}table', nsmap)), 1)
        self.assertEqual(len(doc.findall('.//{hello}td', nsmap)), 2)
        self.assertEqual(len(doc.findall('.//{foo}name', nsmap)), 1)
class ElementSlicingTest(unittest.TestCase):
    def _elem_tags(self, elemlist):
        return [e.tag for e in elemlist]
    def _subelem_tags(self, elem):
        return self._elem_tags(list(elem))
    def _make_elem_with_children(self, numchildren):
        """Create an Element with a tag 'a', with the given amount of children
           named 'a0', 'a1' ... and so on.
        """
        e = ET.Element('a')
        for i in range(numchildren):
            ET.SubElement(e, 'a%s' % i)
        return e
    def test_getslice_single_index(self):
        e = self._make_elem_with_children(10)
        self.assertEqual(e[1].tag, 'a1')
        self.assertEqual(e[-2].tag, 'a8')
        self.assertRaises(IndexError, lambda: e[12])
        self.assertRaises(IndexError, lambda: e[-12])
    def test_getslice_range(self):
        e = self._make_elem_with_children(6)
        self.assertEqual(self._elem_tags(e[3:]), ['a3', 'a4', 'a5'])
        self.assertEqual(self._elem_tags(e[3:6]), ['a3', 'a4', 'a5'])
        self.assertEqual(self._elem_tags(e[3:16]), ['a3', 'a4', 'a5'])
        self.assertEqual(self._elem_tags(e[3:5]), ['a3', 'a4'])
        self.assertEqual(self._elem_tags(e[3:-1]), ['a3', 'a4'])
        self.assertEqual(self._elem_tags(e[:2]), ['a0', 'a1'])
    def test_getslice_steps(self):
        e = self._make_elem_with_children(10)
        self.assertEqual(self._elem_tags(e[8:10:1]), ['a8', 'a9'])
        self.assertEqual(self._elem_tags(e[::3]), ['a0', 'a3', 'a6', 'a9'])
        self.assertEqual(self._elem_tags(e[::8]), ['a0', 'a8'])
        self.assertEqual(self._elem_tags(e[1::8]), ['a1', 'a9'])
        self.assertEqual(self._elem_tags(e[3::sys.maxsize]), ['a3'])
        self.assertEqual(self._elem_tags(e[3::sys.maxsize<<64]), ['a3'])
    def test_getslice_negative_steps(self):
        e = self._make_elem_with_children(4)
        self.assertEqual(self._elem_tags(e[::-1]), ['a3', 'a2', 'a1', 'a0'])
        self.assertEqual(self._elem_tags(e[::-2]), ['a3', 'a1'])
        self.assertEqual(self._elem_tags(e[3::-sys.maxsize]), ['a3'])
        self.assertEqual(self._elem_tags(e[3::-sys.maxsize-1]), ['a3'])
        self.assertEqual(self._elem_tags(e[3::-sys.maxsize<<64]), ['a3'])
    def test_delslice(self):
        e = self._make_elem_with_children(4)
        del e[0:2]
        self.assertEqual(self._subelem_tags(e), ['a2', 'a3'])
        e = self._make_elem_with_children(4)
        del e[0:]
        self.assertEqual(self._subelem_tags(e), [])
        e = self._make_elem_with_children(4)
        del e[::-1]
        self.assertEqual(self._subelem_tags(e), [])
        e = self._make_elem_with_children(4)
        del e[::-2]
        self.assertEqual(self._subelem_tags(e), ['a0', 'a2'])
        e = self._make_elem_with_children(4)
        del e[1::2]
        self.assertEqual(self._subelem_tags(e), ['a0', 'a2'])
        e = self._make_elem_with_children(2)
        del e[::2]
        self.assertEqual(self._subelem_tags(e), ['a1'])
    def test_setslice_single_index(self):
        e = self._make_elem_with_children(4)
        e[1] = ET.Element('b')
        self.assertEqual(self._subelem_tags(e), ['a0', 'b', 'a2', 'a3'])
        e[-2] = ET.Element('c')
        self.assertEqual(self._subelem_tags(e), ['a0', 'b', 'c', 'a3'])
        with self.assertRaises(IndexError):
            e[5] = ET.Element('d')
        with self.assertRaises(IndexError):
            e[-5] = ET.Element('d')
        self.assertEqual(self._subelem_tags(e), ['a0', 'b', 'c', 'a3'])
    def test_setslice_range(self):
        e = self._make_elem_with_children(4)
        e[1:3] = [ET.Element('b%s' % i) for i in range(2)]
        self.assertEqual(self._subelem_tags(e), ['a0', 'b0', 'b1', 'a3'])
        e = self._make_elem_with_children(4)
        e[1:3] = [ET.Element('b')]
        self.assertEqual(self._subelem_tags(e), ['a0', 'b', 'a3'])
        e = self._make_elem_with_children(4)
        e[1:3] = [ET.Element('b%s' % i) for i in range(3)]
        self.assertEqual(self._subelem_tags(e), ['a0', 'b0', 'b1', 'b2', 'a3'])
    def test_setslice_steps(self):
        e = self._make_elem_with_children(6)
        e[1:5:2] = [ET.Element('b%s' % i) for i in range(2)]
        self.assertEqual(self._subelem_tags(e), ['a0', 'b0', 'a2', 'b1', 'a4', 'a5'])
        e = self._make_elem_with_children(6)
        with self.assertRaises(ValueError):
            e[1:5:2] = [ET.Element('b')]
        with self.assertRaises(ValueError):
            e[1:5:2] = [ET.Element('b%s' % i) for i in range(3)]
        with self.assertRaises(ValueError):
            e[1:5:2] = []
        self.assertEqual(self._subelem_tags(e), ['a0', 'a1', 'a2', 'a3', 'a4', 'a5'])
        e = self._make_elem_with_children(4)
        e[1::sys.maxsize] = [ET.Element('b')]
        self.assertEqual(self._subelem_tags(e), ['a0', 'b', 'a2', 'a3'])
        e[1::sys.maxsize<<64] = [ET.Element('c')]
        self.assertEqual(self._subelem_tags(e), ['a0', 'c', 'a2', 'a3'])
    def test_setslice_negative_steps(self):
        e = self._make_elem_with_children(4)
        e[2:0:-1] = [ET.Element('b%s' % i) for i in range(2)]
        self.assertEqual(self._subelem_tags(e), ['a0', 'b1', 'b0', 'a3'])
        e = self._make_elem_with_children(4)
        with self.assertRaises(ValueError):
            e[2:0:-1] = [ET.Element('b')]
        with self.assertRaises(ValueError):
            e[2:0:-1] = [ET.Element('b%s' % i) for i in range(3)]
        with self.assertRaises(ValueError):
            e[2:0:-1] = []
        self.assertEqual(self._subelem_tags(e), ['a0', 'a1', 'a2', 'a3'])
        e = self._make_elem_with_children(4)
        e[1::-sys.maxsize] = [ET.Element('b')]
        self.assertEqual(self._subelem_tags(e), ['a0', 'b', 'a2', 'a3'])
        e[1::-sys.maxsize-1] = [ET.Element('c')]
        self.assertEqual(self._subelem_tags(e), ['a0', 'c', 'a2', 'a3'])
        e[1::-sys.maxsize<<64] = [ET.Element('d')]
        self.assertEqual(self._subelem_tags(e), ['a0', 'd', 'a2', 'a3'])
class IOTest(unittest.TestCase):
    def test_encoding(self):
        # Test encoding issues.
        elem = ET.Element("tag")
        elem.text = "abc"
        self.assertEqual(serialize(elem), 'abc')
        for enc in ("utf-8", "us-ascii"):
            with self.subTest(enc):
                self.assertEqual(serialize(elem, encoding=enc),
                        b'abc')
                self.assertEqual(serialize(elem, encoding=enc.upper()),
                        b'abc')
        for enc in ("iso-8859-1", "utf-16", "utf-32"):
            with self.subTest(enc):
                self.assertEqual(serialize(elem, encoding=enc),
                        ("\n"
                         "abc" % enc).encode(enc))
                upper = enc.upper()
                self.assertEqual(serialize(elem, encoding=upper),
                        ("\n"
                         "abc" % upper).encode(enc))
        elem = ET.Element("tag")
        elem.text = "<&\"\'>"
        self.assertEqual(serialize(elem), '<&"\'>')
        self.assertEqual(serialize(elem, encoding="utf-8"),
                b'<&"\'>')
        self.assertEqual(serialize(elem, encoding="us-ascii"),
                b'<&"\'>')
        for enc in ("iso-8859-1", "utf-16", "utf-32"):
            self.assertEqual(serialize(elem, encoding=enc),
                    ("\n"
                     "<&\"'>" % enc).encode(enc))
        elem = ET.Element("tag")
        elem.attrib["key"] = "<&\"\'>"
        self.assertEqual(serialize(elem), '')
        self.assertEqual(serialize(elem, encoding="utf-8"),
                b'')
        self.assertEqual(serialize(elem, encoding="us-ascii"),
                b'')
        for enc in ("iso-8859-1", "utf-16", "utf-32"):
            self.assertEqual(serialize(elem, encoding=enc),
                    ("\n"
                     "" % enc).encode(enc))
        elem = ET.Element("tag")
        elem.text = '\xe5\xf6\xf6<>'
        self.assertEqual(serialize(elem), '\xe5\xf6\xf6<>')
        self.assertEqual(serialize(elem, encoding="utf-8"),
                b'\xc3\xa5\xc3\xb6\xc3\xb6<>')
        self.assertEqual(serialize(elem, encoding="us-ascii"),
                b'åöö<>')
        for enc in ("iso-8859-1", "utf-16", "utf-32"):
            self.assertEqual(serialize(elem, encoding=enc),
                    ("\n"
                     "åöö<>" % enc).encode(enc))
        elem = ET.Element("tag")
        elem.attrib["key"] = '\xe5\xf6\xf6<>'
        self.assertEqual(serialize(elem), '')
        self.assertEqual(serialize(elem, encoding="utf-8"),
                b'')
        self.assertEqual(serialize(elem, encoding="us-ascii"),
                b'')
        for enc in ("iso-8859-1", "utf-16", "utf-16le", "utf-16be", "utf-32"):
            self.assertEqual(serialize(elem, encoding=enc),
                    ("\n"
                     "" % enc).encode(enc))
    def test_write_to_filename(self):
        self.addCleanup(os_helper.unlink, TESTFN)
        tree = ET.ElementTree(ET.XML(''''''))
        tree.write(TESTFN)
        with open(TESTFN, 'rb') as f:
            self.assertEqual(f.read(), b'''''')
    def test_write_to_text_file(self):
        self.addCleanup(os_helper.unlink, TESTFN)
        tree = ET.ElementTree(ET.XML(''''''))
        with open(TESTFN, 'w', encoding='utf-8') as f:
            tree.write(f, encoding='unicode')
            self.assertFalse(f.closed)
        with open(TESTFN, 'rb') as f:
            self.assertEqual(f.read(), b'''''')
    def test_write_to_binary_file(self):
        self.addCleanup(os_helper.unlink, TESTFN)
        tree = ET.ElementTree(ET.XML(''''''))
        with open(TESTFN, 'wb') as f:
            tree.write(f)
            self.assertFalse(f.closed)
        with open(TESTFN, 'rb') as f:
            self.assertEqual(f.read(), b'''''')
    def test_write_to_binary_file_with_bom(self):
        self.addCleanup(os_helper.unlink, TESTFN)
        tree = ET.ElementTree(ET.XML(''''''))
        # test BOM writing to buffered file
        with open(TESTFN, 'wb') as f:
            tree.write(f, encoding='utf-16')
            self.assertFalse(f.closed)
        with open(TESTFN, 'rb') as f:
            self.assertEqual(f.read(),
                    '''\n'''
                    ''''''.encode("utf-16"))
        # test BOM writing to non-buffered file
        with open(TESTFN, 'wb', buffering=0) as f:
            tree.write(f, encoding='utf-16')
            self.assertFalse(f.closed)
        with open(TESTFN, 'rb') as f:
            self.assertEqual(f.read(),
                    '''\n'''
                    ''''''.encode("utf-16"))
    def test_read_from_stringio(self):
        tree = ET.ElementTree()
        stream = io.StringIO('''''')
        tree.parse(stream)
        self.assertEqual(tree.getroot().tag, 'site')
    def test_write_to_stringio(self):
        tree = ET.ElementTree(ET.XML(''''''))
        stream = io.StringIO()
        tree.write(stream, encoding='unicode')
        self.assertEqual(stream.getvalue(), '''''')
    def test_read_from_bytesio(self):
        tree = ET.ElementTree()
        raw = io.BytesIO(b'''''')
        tree.parse(raw)
        self.assertEqual(tree.getroot().tag, 'site')
    def test_write_to_bytesio(self):
        tree = ET.ElementTree(ET.XML(''''''))
        raw = io.BytesIO()
        tree.write(raw)
        self.assertEqual(raw.getvalue(), b'''''')
    class dummy:
        pass
    def test_read_from_user_text_reader(self):
        stream = io.StringIO('''''')
        reader = self.dummy()
        reader.read = stream.read
        tree = ET.ElementTree()
        tree.parse(reader)
        self.assertEqual(tree.getroot().tag, 'site')
    def test_write_to_user_text_writer(self):
        tree = ET.ElementTree(ET.XML(''''''))
        stream = io.StringIO()
        writer = self.dummy()
        writer.write = stream.write
        tree.write(writer, encoding='unicode')
        self.assertEqual(stream.getvalue(), '''''')
    def test_read_from_user_binary_reader(self):
        raw = io.BytesIO(b'''''')
        reader = self.dummy()
        reader.read = raw.read
        tree = ET.ElementTree()
        tree.parse(reader)
        self.assertEqual(tree.getroot().tag, 'site')
        tree = ET.ElementTree()
    def test_write_to_user_binary_writer(self):
        tree = ET.ElementTree(ET.XML(''''''))
        raw = io.BytesIO()
        writer = self.dummy()
        writer.write = raw.write
        tree.write(writer)
        self.assertEqual(raw.getvalue(), b'''''')
    def test_write_to_user_binary_writer_with_bom(self):
        tree = ET.ElementTree(ET.XML(''''''))
        raw = io.BytesIO()
        writer = self.dummy()
        writer.write = raw.write
        writer.seekable = lambda: True
        writer.tell = raw.tell
        tree.write(writer, encoding="utf-16")
        self.assertEqual(raw.getvalue(),
                '''\n'''
                ''''''.encode("utf-16"))
    def test_tostringlist_invariant(self):
        root = ET.fromstring('foo')
        self.assertEqual(
            ET.tostring(root, 'unicode'),
            ''.join(ET.tostringlist(root, 'unicode')))
        self.assertEqual(
            ET.tostring(root, 'utf-16'),
            b''.join(ET.tostringlist(root, 'utf-16')))
    def test_short_empty_elements(self):
        root = ET.fromstring('abc')
        self.assertEqual(
            ET.tostring(root, 'unicode'),
            'abc')
        self.assertEqual(
            ET.tostring(root, 'unicode', short_empty_elements=True),
            'abc')
        self.assertEqual(
            ET.tostring(root, 'unicode', short_empty_elements=False),
            'abc')
class ParseErrorTest(unittest.TestCase):
    def test_subclass(self):
        self.assertIsInstance(ET.ParseError(), SyntaxError)
    def _get_error(self, s):
        try:
            ET.fromstring(s)
        except ET.ParseError as e:
            return e
    def test_error_position(self):
        self.assertEqual(self._get_error('foo').position, (1, 0))
        self.assertEqual(self._get_error('&foo;').position, (1, 5))
        self.assertEqual(self._get_error('foobar<').position, (1, 6))
    def test_error_code(self):
        import xml.parsers.expat.errors as ERRORS
        self.assertEqual(self._get_error('foo').code,
                ERRORS.codes[ERRORS.XML_ERROR_SYNTAX])
class KeywordArgsTest(unittest.TestCase):
    # Test various issues with keyword arguments passed to ET.Element
    # constructor and methods
    def test_issue14818(self):
        x = ET.XML("foo")
        self.assertEqual(x.find('a', None),
                         x.find(path='a', namespaces=None))
        self.assertEqual(x.findtext('a', None, None),
                         x.findtext(path='a', default=None, namespaces=None))
        self.assertEqual(x.findall('a', None),
                         x.findall(path='a', namespaces=None))
        self.assertEqual(list(x.iterfind('a', None)),
                         list(x.iterfind(path='a', namespaces=None)))
        self.assertEqual(ET.Element('a').attrib, {})
        elements = [
            ET.Element('a', dict(href="#", id="foo")),
            ET.Element('a', attrib=dict(href="#", id="foo")),
            ET.Element('a', dict(href="#"), id="foo"),
            ET.Element('a', href="#", id="foo"),
            ET.Element('a', dict(href="#", id="foo"), href="#", id="foo"),
        ]
        for e in elements:
            self.assertEqual(e.tag, 'a')
            self.assertEqual(e.attrib, dict(href="#", id="foo"))
        e2 = ET.SubElement(elements[0], 'foobar', attrib={'key1': 'value1'})
        self.assertEqual(e2.attrib['key1'], 'value1')
        with self.assertRaisesRegex(TypeError, 'must be dict, not str'):
            ET.Element('a', "I'm not a dict")
        with self.assertRaisesRegex(TypeError, 'must be dict, not str'):
            ET.Element('a', attrib="I'm not a dict")
# --------------------------------------------------------------------
class NoAcceleratorTest(unittest.TestCase):
    def setUp(self):
        if not pyET:
            raise unittest.SkipTest('only for the Python version')
    # Test that the C accelerator was not imported for pyET
    def test_correct_import_pyET(self):
        # The type of methods defined in Python code is types.FunctionType,
        # while the type of methods defined inside _elementtree is
        # 
        self.assertIsInstance(pyET.Element.__init__, types.FunctionType)
        self.assertIsInstance(pyET.XMLParser.__init__, types.FunctionType)
# --------------------------------------------------------------------
def c14n_roundtrip(xml, **options):
    return pyET.canonicalize(xml, **options)
class C14NTest(unittest.TestCase):
    maxDiff = None
    #
    # simple roundtrip tests (from c14n.py)
    def test_simple_roundtrip(self):
        # Basics
        self.assertEqual(c14n_roundtrip(""), '')
        self.assertEqual(c14n_roundtrip(""), # FIXME
                '')
        self.assertEqual(c14n_roundtrip(""),
            '')
        self.assertEqual(c14n_roundtrip(""),
            '')
        self.assertEqual(c14n_roundtrip(""),
            '')
        # C14N spec
        self.assertEqual(c14n_roundtrip("Hello, world!"),
            'Hello, world!')
        self.assertEqual(c14n_roundtrip("2"),
            '2')
        self.assertEqual(c14n_roundtrip('"0" && value<"10" ?"valid":"error"]]>'),
            'value>"0" && value<"10" ?"valid":"error"')
        self.assertEqual(c14n_roundtrip('''valid'''),
            'valid')
        self.assertEqual(c14n_roundtrip(""),
            '')
        self.assertEqual(c14n_roundtrip(""),
            '')
        self.assertEqual(c14n_roundtrip(""),
            '')
        # fragments from PJ's tests
        #self.assertEqual(c14n_roundtrip(""),
        #'')
        # Namespace issues
        xml = ''
        self.assertEqual(c14n_roundtrip(xml), xml)
        xml = ''
        self.assertEqual(c14n_roundtrip(xml), xml)
        xml = ''
        self.assertEqual(c14n_roundtrip(xml), xml)
    def test_c14n_exclusion(self):
        xml = textwrap.dedent("""\
        
            
                abtext
            
            btext
            
                dtext
            
        
        """)
        self.assertEqual(
            c14n_roundtrip(xml, strip_text=True),
            ''
            'abtext'
            'btext'
            'dtext'
            '')
        self.assertEqual(
            c14n_roundtrip(xml, strip_text=True, exclude_attrs=['{http://example.com/x}attr']),
            ''
            'abtext'
            'btext'
            'dtext'
            '')
        self.assertEqual(
            c14n_roundtrip(xml, strip_text=True, exclude_tags=['{http://example.com/x}d']),
            ''
            'abtext'
            'btext'
            ''
            '')
        self.assertEqual(
            c14n_roundtrip(xml, strip_text=True, exclude_attrs=['{http://example.com/x}attr'],
                           exclude_tags=['{http://example.com/x}d']),
            ''
            'abtext'
            'btext'
            ''
            '')
        self.assertEqual(
            c14n_roundtrip(xml, strip_text=True, exclude_tags=['a', 'b']),
            ''
            'dtext'
            '')
        self.assertEqual(
            c14n_roundtrip(xml, exclude_tags=['a', 'b']),
            '\n'
            '    \n'
            '    \n'
            '    \n'
            '        dtext\n'
            '    \n'
            '')
        self.assertEqual(
            c14n_roundtrip(xml, strip_text=True, exclude_tags=['{http://example.com/x}d', 'b']),
            ''
            ''
            ''
            '')
        self.assertEqual(
            c14n_roundtrip(xml, exclude_tags=['{http://example.com/x}d', 'b']),
            '\n'
            '    \n'
            '        \n'
            '    \n'
            '    \n'
            '    \n'
            '        \n'
            '    \n'
            '')
    #
    # basic method=c14n tests from the c14n 2.0 specification.  uses
    # test files under xmltestdata/c14n-20.
    # note that this uses generated C14N versions of the standard ET.write
    # output, not roundtripped C14N (see above).
    def test_xml_c14n2(self):
        datadir = findfile("c14n-20", subdir="xmltestdata")
        full_path = partial(os.path.join, datadir)
        files = [filename[:-4] for filename in sorted(os.listdir(datadir))
                 if filename.endswith('.xml')]
        input_files = [
            filename for filename in files
            if filename.startswith('in')
        ]
        configs = {
            filename: {
                # sequential
                option.tag.split('}')[-1]: ((option.text or '').strip(), option)
                for option in ET.parse(full_path(filename) + ".xml").getroot()
            }
            for filename in files
            if filename.startswith('c14n')
        }
        tests = {
            input_file: [
                (filename, configs[filename.rsplit('_', 1)[-1]])
                for filename in files
                if filename.startswith(f'out_{input_file}_')
                and filename.rsplit('_', 1)[-1] in configs
            ]
            for input_file in input_files
        }
        # Make sure we found all test cases.
        self.assertEqual(30, len([
            output_file for output_files in tests.values()
            for output_file in output_files]))
        def get_option(config, option_name, default=None):
            return config.get(option_name, (default, ()))[0]
        for input_file, output_files in tests.items():
            for output_file, config in output_files:
                keep_comments = get_option(
                    config, 'IgnoreComments') == 'true'  # no, it's right :)
                strip_text = get_option(
                    config, 'TrimTextNodes') == 'true'
                rewrite_prefixes = get_option(
                    config, 'PrefixRewrite') == 'sequential'
                if 'QNameAware' in config:
                    qattrs = [
                        f"{{{el.get('NS')}}}{el.get('Name')}"
                        for el in config['QNameAware'][1].findall(
                            '{http://www.w3.org/2010/xml-c14n2}QualifiedAttr')
                    ]
                    qtags = [
                        f"{{{el.get('NS')}}}{el.get('Name')}"
                        for el in config['QNameAware'][1].findall(
                            '{http://www.w3.org/2010/xml-c14n2}Element')
                    ]
                else:
                    qtags = qattrs = None
                # Build subtest description from config.
                config_descr = ','.join(
                    f"{name}={value or ','.join(c.tag.split('}')[-1] for c in children)}"
                    for name, (value, children) in sorted(config.items())
                )
                with self.subTest(f"{output_file}({config_descr})"):
                    if input_file == 'inNsRedecl' and not rewrite_prefixes:
                        self.skipTest(
                            f"Redeclared namespace handling is not supported in {output_file}")
                    if input_file == 'inNsSuperfluous' and not rewrite_prefixes:
                        self.skipTest(
                            f"Redeclared namespace handling is not supported in {output_file}")
                    if 'QNameAware' in config and config['QNameAware'][1].find(
                            '{http://www.w3.org/2010/xml-c14n2}XPathElement') is not None:
                        self.skipTest(
                            f"QName rewriting in XPath text is not supported in {output_file}")
                    f = full_path(input_file + ".xml")
                    if input_file == 'inC14N5':
                        # Hack: avoid setting up external entity resolution in the parser.
                        with open(full_path('world.txt'), 'rb') as entity_file:
                            with open(f, 'rb') as f:
                                f = io.BytesIO(f.read().replace(b'&ent2;', entity_file.read()))
                    text = ET.canonicalize(
                        from_file=f,
                        with_comments=keep_comments,
                        strip_text=strip_text,
                        rewrite_prefixes=rewrite_prefixes,
                        qname_aware_tags=qtags, qname_aware_attrs=qattrs)
                    with open(full_path(output_file + ".xml"), 'r', encoding='utf8') as f:
                        expected = f.read()
                        if input_file == 'inC14N3':
                            # FIXME: cET resolves default attributes but ET does not!
                            expected = expected.replace(' attr="default"', '')
                            text = text.replace(' attr="default"', '')
                    self.assertEqual(expected, text)
# --------------------------------------------------------------------
def test_main(module=None):
    # When invoked without a module, runs the Python ET tests by loading pyET.
    # Otherwise, uses the given module as the ET.
    global pyET
    pyET = import_fresh_module('xml.etree.ElementTree',
                               blocked=['_elementtree'])
    if module is None:
        module = pyET
    global ET
    ET = module
    test_classes = [
        ModuleTest,
        ElementSlicingTest,
        BasicElementTest,
        BadElementTest,
        BadElementPathTest,
        ElementTreeTest,
        IOTest,
        ParseErrorTest,
        XIncludeTest,
        ElementTreeTypeTest,
        ElementFindTest,
        ElementIterTest,
        TreeBuilderTest,
        XMLParserTest,
        XMLPullParserTest,
        BugsTest,
        KeywordArgsTest,
        C14NTest,
        ]
    # These tests will only run for the pure-Python version that doesn't import
    # _elementtree. We can't use skipUnless here, because pyET is filled in only
    # after the module is loaded.
    if pyET is not ET:
        test_classes.extend([
            NoAcceleratorTest,
            ])
    # Provide default namespace mapping and path cache.
    from xml.etree import ElementPath
    nsmap = ET.register_namespace._namespace_map
    # Copy the default namespace mapping
    nsmap_copy = nsmap.copy()
    # Copy the path cache (should be empty)
    path_cache = ElementPath._cache
    ElementPath._cache = path_cache.copy()
    # Align the Comment/PI factories.
    if hasattr(ET, '_set_factories'):
        old_factories = ET._set_factories(ET.Comment, ET.PI)
    else:
        old_factories = None
    try:
        support.run_unittest(*test_classes)
    finally:
        from xml.etree import ElementPath
        # Restore mapping and path cache
        nsmap.clear()
        nsmap.update(nsmap_copy)
        ElementPath._cache = path_cache
        if old_factories is not None:
            ET._set_factories(*old_factories)
        # don't interfere with subsequent tests
        ET = pyET = None
if __name__ == '__main__':
    test_main()