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114 lines
2.5 KiB
TeX
114 lines
2.5 KiB
TeX
\section{Built-in Module \sectcode{math}}
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\label{module-math}
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\bimodindex{math}
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\renewcommand{\indexsubitem}{(in module math)}
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This module is always available.
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It provides access to the mathematical functions defined by the C
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standard.
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They are:
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\begin{funcdesc}{acos}{x}
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Return the arc cosine of \var{x}.
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\end{funcdesc}
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\begin{funcdesc}{asin}{x}
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Return the arc sine of \var{x}.
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\end{funcdesc}
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\begin{funcdesc}{atan}{x}
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Return the arc tangent of \var{x}.
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\end{funcdesc}
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\begin{funcdesc}{atan2}{x, y}
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Return \code{atan(x / y)}.
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\end{funcdesc}
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\begin{funcdesc}{ceil}{x}
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Return the ceiling of \var{x}.
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\end{funcdesc}
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\begin{funcdesc}{cos}{x}
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Return the cosine of \var{x}.
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\end{funcdesc}
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\begin{funcdesc}{cosh}{x}
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Return the hyperbolic cosine of \var{x}.
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\end{funcdesc}
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\begin{funcdesc}{exp}{x}
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Return the exponential value $\mbox{e}^x$.
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\end{funcdesc}
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\begin{funcdesc}{fabs}{x}
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Return the absolute value of the real \var{x}.
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\end{funcdesc}
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\begin{funcdesc}{floor}{x}
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Return the floor of \var{x}.
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\end{funcdesc}
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\begin{funcdesc}{fmod}{x, y}
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Return \code{x \% y}.
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\end{funcdesc}
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\begin{funcdesc}{frexp}{x}
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Return the matissa and exponent for \var{x}. The mantissa is
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positive.
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\end{funcdesc}
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\begin{funcdesc}{hypot}{x, y}
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Return the Euclidean distance, \code{sqrt(x*x + y*y)}.
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\end{funcdesc}
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\begin{funcdesc}{ldexp}{x, i}
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Return $x {\times} 2^i$.
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\end{funcdesc}
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\begin{funcdesc}{modf}{x}
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Return the fractional and integer parts of \var{x}. Both results
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carry the sign of \var{x}.
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\end{funcdesc}
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\begin{funcdesc}{pow}{x, y}
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Return $x^y$.
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\end{funcdesc}
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\begin{funcdesc}{sin}{x}
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Return the sine of \var{x}.
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\end{funcdesc}
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\begin{funcdesc}{sinh}{x}
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Return the hyperbolic sine of \var{x}.
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\end{funcdesc}
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\begin{funcdesc}{sqrt}{x}
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Return the square root of \var{x}.
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\end{funcdesc}
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\begin{funcdesc}{tan}{x}
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Return the tangent of \var{x}.
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\end{funcdesc}
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\begin{funcdesc}{tanh}{x}
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Return the hyperbolic tangent of \var{x}.
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\end{funcdesc}
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Note that \code{frexp} and \code{modf} have a different call/return
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pattern than their C equivalents: they take a single argument and
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return a pair of values, rather than returning their second return
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value through an `output parameter' (there is no such thing in Python).
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The module also defines two mathematical constants:
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\begin{datadesc}{pi}
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The mathematical constant \emph{pi}.
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\end{datadesc}
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\begin{datadesc}{e}
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The mathematical constant \emph{e}.
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\end{datadesc}
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\begin{seealso}
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\seemodule{cmath}{Complex number versions of many of these functions.}
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\end{seealso}
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