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Greg Price 455122a009 bpo-37936: Systematically distinguish rooted vs. unrooted in .gitignore (GH-15823) 
A root cause of bpo-37936 is that it's easy to write a .gitignore
rule that's intended to apply to a specific file (e.g., the
`pyconfig.h` generated by `./configure`) but actually applies to all
similarly-named files in the tree (e.g., `PC/pyconfig.h`.)

Specifically, any rule with no non-trailing slashes is applied in an
"unrooted" way, to files anywhere in the tree.  This means that if we
write the rules in the most obvious-looking way, then

 * for specific files we want to ignore that happen to be in
   subdirectories (like `Modules/config.c`), the rule will work
   as intended, staying "rooted" to the top of the tree; but

 * when a specific file we want to ignore happens to be at the root of
   the repo (like `platform`), then the obvious rule (`platform`) will
   apply much more broadly than intended: if someone tries to add a
   file or directory named `platform` somewhere else in the tree, it
   will unexpectedly get ignored.

That's surprising behavior that can make the .gitignore file's
behavior feel finicky and unpredictable.

To avoid it, we can simply always give a rule "rooted" behavior when
that's what's intended, by systematically using leading slashes.

Further, to help make the pattern obvious when looking at the file and
minimize any need for thinking about the syntax when adding new rules:
separate the rules into one group for each type, with brief comments
identifying them.

For most of these rules it's clear whether they're meant to be rooted
or unrooted, but in a handful of cases I've only guessed.  In that
case the safer default (the choice that won't hide information) is the
narrower, rooted meaning, with a leading slash.  If for some of these
the unrooted meaning is desired after all, it'll be easy to move them
to the unrooted section at the top.
2019-09-11 10:25:26 +01:00
..
asyncio bpo-36373: Fix deprecation warnings (GH-15889) 2019-09-11 01:20:24 -07:00
collections bpo-36582: Make collections.UserString.encode() return bytes, not str (GH-13138) 2019-08-27 21:38:09 -07:00
concurrent bpo-31783: Fix a race condition creating workers during shutdown (#13171) 2019-06-28 11:54:52 -07:00
ctypes bpo-36253: Remove use after free reference in ctypes test suite (GH-12257) 2019-09-10 08:20:15 -07:00
curses [3.9] bpo-37116: Use PEP 570 syntax for positional-only parameters. (GH-12620) 2019-06-05 18:22:31 +03:00
dbm bpo-36232: Improve error message on dbm.open() when the db doesn't exist (GH-12060) 2019-04-29 16:23:28 -07:00
distutils bpo-38088: Fixes distutils not finding vcruntime140.dll with only v142 toolset installed (GH-15849) 2019-09-10 14:52:23 +01:00
email bpo-37764: Fix infinite loop when parsing unstructured email headers. (GH-15239) 2019-08-31 08:25:35 -07:00
encodings bpo-35551: remove mac_centeuro encoding (GH-13856) 2019-06-06 14:38:52 +09:00
ensurepip bpo-37664: Update ensurepip bundled wheels, again (GH-15483) 2019-08-26 11:19:30 -07:00
html bpo-37328: remove deprecated HTMLParser.unescape (GH-14186) 2019-08-27 11:48:06 +09:00
http bpo-26589: Add http status code 451 (GH-15413) 2019-08-23 10:19:15 -07:00
idlelib bpo-38077: IDLE no longer adds 'argv' to the user namespace (GH-15818) 2019-09-09 23:10:44 -04:00
importlib bpo-38086: Sync importlib.metadata with importlib_metadata 0.21. (GH-15840) 2019-09-10 14:53:31 +01:00
json json.tool: use stdin and stdout in default cmdlne arguments (GH-11992) 2019-05-14 18:52:42 +02:00
lib2to3 Fix typos in comments, docs and test names (#15018) 2019-07-30 18:16:13 -04:00
logging bpo-37742: Return the root logger when logging.getLogger('root') is c… (#15077) 2019-08-02 16:53:00 +01:00
msilib bpo-12639: msilib.Directory.start_component() fails if *keyfile* is not None (GH-13688) 2019-05-31 09:43:13 -07:00
multiprocessing Fix typos mostly in comments, docs and test names (GH-15209) 2019-08-30 16:21:19 -04:00
pydoc_data Python 3.8.0b1 2019-06-04 19:44:34 +02:00
site-packages
sqlite3 closes bpo-37347: Fix refcount problem in sqlite3. (GH-14268) 2019-07-12 20:15:48 -07:00
test bpo-37936: Systematically distinguish rooted vs. unrooted in .gitignore (GH-15823) 2019-09-11 10:25:26 +01:00
tkinter bpo-15999: Clean up of handling boolean arguments. (GH-15610) 2019-09-01 12:16:51 +03:00
turtledemo Mark files as executable that are meant as scripts. (GH-15354) 2019-09-09 07:16:33 -07:00
unittest bpo-36373: Fix deprecation warnings (GH-15889) 2019-09-11 01:20:24 -07:00
urllib bpo-35922: Fix RobotFileParser when robots.txt has no relevant crawl delay or request rate (GH-11791) 2019-06-16 09:48:57 +03:00
venv bpo-37663: have venv activation scripts all consistently use __VENV_PROMPT__ for prompt customization (GH-14941) 2019-08-21 15:58:01 -07:00
wsgiref bpo-8138: Initialize wsgiref's SimpleServer as single-threaded (GH-12977) 2019-05-24 20:24:42 +03:00
xml bpo-32424: Deprecate xml.etree.ElementTree.Element.copy() in favor of copy.copy() (GH-12995) 2019-09-10 16:22:01 +01:00
xmlrpc bpo-38038: Remove urllib.parse._splittype from xmlrpc.client. (GH-15703) 2019-09-08 11:54:02 +03:00
__future__.py bpo-35526: make __future__.barry_as_FLUFL mandatory for Python 4.0 (#11218) 2018-12-19 08:19:39 -08:00
__phello__.foo.py
_bootlocale.py bpo-29240: PEP 540: Add a new UTF-8 Mode (#855) 2017-12-13 12:29:09 +01:00
_collections_abc.py bpo-37116: Use PEP 570 syntax for positional-only parameters. (GH-13700) 2019-06-01 11:00:15 +03:00
_compat_pickle.py bpo-37757: Disallow PEP 572 cases that expose implementation details (GH-15131) 2019-08-25 23:45:40 +10:00
_compression.py
_markupbase.py
_osx_support.py bpo-35257: Avoid leaking LTO linker flags into distutils (GH-10900) 2018-12-19 18:19:01 +01:00
_py_abc.py bpo-37116: Use PEP 570 syntax for positional-only parameters. (GH-13700) 2019-06-01 11:00:15 +03:00
_pydecimal.py bpo-36793: Remove unneeded __str__ definitions. (GH-13081) 2019-05-06 22:29:40 +03:00
_pyio.py bpo-15999: Clean up of handling boolean arguments. (GH-15610) 2019-09-01 12:16:51 +03:00
_sitebuiltins.py
_strptime.py bpo-33541: Remove unused __pad function (GH-4377) 2018-05-20 13:42:30 -04:00
_threading_local.py bpo-37116: Use PEP 570 syntax for positional-only parameters. (GH-13700) 2019-06-01 11:00:15 +03:00
_weakrefset.py bpo-36949: Implement __repr__ on WeakSet (GH-13415) 2019-05-20 10:01:07 -07:00
abc.py bpo-35609: Remove examples for deprecated decorators in the abc module. (GH-11355) 2018-12-31 09:56:21 +02:00
aifc.py bpo-37320: Remove openfp() of aifc, sunau and wave (GH-14169) 2019-06-18 00:00:24 +02:00
antigravity.py Change the xkcd link in comment over https. (GH-5452) 2018-09-13 22:45:00 -07:00
argparse.py Steven Bethard designated a new maintainer for argparse (GH-15605) 2019-08-29 21:04:37 -07:00
ast.py bpo-38049: Add command-line interface for the ast module. (GH-15724) 2019-09-09 23:36:13 +03:00
asynchat.py
asyncore.py bpo-15999: Always pass bool instead of int to socket.setblocking(). (GH-15621) 2019-09-01 12:12:52 +03:00
base64.py bpo-34164: Fix handling of incorrect padding in base64.b32decode(). (GH-8351) 2018-07-24 12:52:51 +03:00
bdb.py Fix typos mostly in comments, docs and test names (GH-15209) 2019-08-30 16:21:19 -04:00
binhex.py
bisect.py remove duplicate code in biscet (GH-1270) 2019-04-08 17:01:09 +09:00
bz2.py bpo-35128: Fix spacing issues in warning.warn() messages. (GH-10268) 2018-11-01 12:33:35 +02:00
calendar.py bpo-28292: Mark calendar.py helper functions as private. (GH-15113) 2019-08-04 13:14:03 -07:00
cgi.py bpo-35028: cgi: Fix max_num_fields off by one error (GH-9973) 2018-10-23 01:14:35 -07:00
cgitb.py bpo-33311: Do not display parameters displayed in parentheses for module call. (GH-6677) 2018-05-09 12:39:32 +03:00
chunk.py
cmd.py
code.py
codecs.py bpo-33361: Fix bug with seeking in StreamRecoders (GH-8278) 2019-05-31 22:44:00 +03:00
codeop.py bpo-15999: Clean up of handling boolean arguments. (GH-15610) 2019-09-01 12:16:51 +03:00
colorsys.py
compileall.py bpo-36786: Run compileall in parallel during "make install" (GH-13078) 2019-05-15 23:45:18 +02:00
configparser.py fix typo in configparser doc (GH-12154) 2019-03-03 18:23:19 -08:00
contextlib.py [3.9] bpo-37116: Use PEP 570 syntax for positional-only parameters. (GH-12620) 2019-06-05 18:22:31 +03:00
contextvars.py bpo-32436: Implement PEP 567 (#5027) 2018-01-22 19:11:18 -05:00
copy.py bpo-11572: Make minor improvements to copy module (GH-8208) 2018-07-09 23:14:54 +03:00
copyreg.py bpo-33138: Change standard error message for non-pickleable and non-copyable types. (GH-6239) 2018-10-31 02:28:07 +02:00
cProfile.py [3.9] bpo-37116: Use PEP 570 syntax for positional-only parameters. (GH-12620) 2019-06-05 18:22:31 +03:00
crypt.py bpo-25172: Raise appropriate ImportError msg when crypt module used on Windows (GH-15149) 2019-08-08 21:02:49 +01:00
csv.py bpo-27497: Add return value to csv.DictWriter.writeheader (GH-12306) 2019-05-10 03:50:11 +02:00
dataclasses.py bpo-37868: Improve is_dataclass for instances. (GH-15325) 2019-08-20 01:40:28 -04:00
datetime.py bpo-37642: Update acceptable offsets in timezone (GH-14878) 2019-08-09 10:22:16 -04:00
decimal.py
difflib.py Fix difflib ? hint in diff output when dealing with tabs (#15201) 2019-08-21 13:59:25 -05:00
dis.py bpo-36540: PEP 570 -- Implementation (GH-12701) 2019-04-29 13:36:57 +01:00
doctest.py bpo-15999: Clean up of handling boolean arguments. (GH-15610) 2019-09-01 12:16:51 +03:00
enum.py bpo-34443: Use __qualname__ instead of __name__ in enum exception messages. (GH-14809) 2019-07-18 11:37:13 -07:00
filecmp.py
fileinput.py bpo-37014: Update docstring and Documentation of fileinput.FileInput(). (GH-13545) 2019-06-02 23:01:49 +02:00
fnmatch.py bpo-32775: Fix regular expression warnings in fnmatch. (#5583) 2018-02-09 13:30:19 +02:00
formatter.py
fractions.py Add a minor Fraction.__hash__() optimization (GH-15313) 2019-08-16 21:09:16 -05:00
ftplib.py Enforce PEP 257 conventions in ftplib.py (GH-15604) 2019-09-02 21:21:33 -07:00
functools.py bpo-36743: __get__ is sometimes called without the owner argument (#12992) 2019-08-29 01:27:42 -07:00
genericpath.py bpo-30974: Change os.path.samefile docstring to match docs (GH-7337) 2019-08-02 15:44:25 -07:00
getopt.py
getpass.py
gettext.py bpo-36239: Skip comments in gettext infos (GH-12255) 2019-05-09 16:22:15 +02:00
glob.py bpo-37363: Add audit events for a range of modules (GH-14301) 2019-06-24 08:42:54 -07:00
gzip.py bpo-6584: Add a BadGzipFile exception to the gzip module. (GH-13022) 2019-05-13 10:50:52 +03:00
hashlib.py bpo-33729: Fix issues with arguments parsing in hashlib. (GH-8346) 2018-07-31 09:50:16 +03:00
heapq.py bpo-29984: Improve 'heapq' test coverage (GH-992) 2019-05-31 21:13:57 -07:00
hmac.py bpo-33604: Remove deprecated HMAC default value marked for removal in 3.8 (GH-7063) 2018-09-10 11:10:01 -07:00
imaplib.py Fix typos in comments, docs and test names (#15018) 2019-07-30 18:16:13 -04:00
imghdr.py
imp.py closes bpo-34056: Always return bytes from _HackedGetData.get_data(). (GH-8130) 2018-07-06 20:41:06 -07:00
inspect.py bpo-38059: Using sys.exit() over exit() in inspect.py (GH-15666) 2019-09-09 07:15:43 -07:00
io.py bpo-36842: Implement PEP 578 (GH-12613) 2019-05-23 08:45:22 -07:00
ipaddress.py bpo-36845: validate integer network prefix when constructing IP networks (GH-13298) 2019-05-14 19:32:59 +09:00
keyword.py bpo-36143: Regenerate Lib/keyword.py from the Grammar and Tokens file using pgen (GH-12456) 2019-03-25 22:01:12 +00:00
linecache.py
locale.py bpo-18378: Recognize "UTF-8" as a valid name in locale._parse_localename (GH-14736) 2019-08-29 00:33:52 -04:00
lzma.py
mailbox.py bpo-31522: mailbox.get_string: pass from_ parameter to get_bytes (#9857) 2018-10-18 20:21:47 -04:00
mailcap.py
mimetypes.py bpo-22347: Update mimetypes.guess_type to allow proper parsing of URLs (GH-15522) 2019-09-04 17:34:35 -07:00
modulefinder.py bpo-37032: Add CodeType.replace() method (GH-13542) 2019-05-24 23:57:23 +02:00
netrc.py bpo-28334: netrc() now uses expanduser() to find .netrc file (GH-4537) 2017-11-25 13:37:22 +03:00
nntplib.py bpo-37390: Add audit event table to documentations (GH-14406) 2019-06-27 10:47:59 -07:00
ntpath.py bpo-9949: Call normpath() in realpath() and avoid unnecessary prefixes (GH-15369) 2019-08-21 16:45:02 -07:00
nturl2path.py
numbers.py Fix miscellaneous typos (#4275) 2017-11-05 15:37:50 +02:00
opcode.py bpo-34880: Add the LOAD_ASSERTION_ERROR opcode. (GH-15073) 2019-08-25 12:44:09 +03:00
operator.py bpo-37116: Use PEP 570 syntax for positional-only parameters. (GH-13700) 2019-06-01 11:00:15 +03:00
optparse.py bpo-34605: Avoid master/slave terms (GH-9101) 2018-09-07 17:30:33 +02:00
os.py closes bpo-25461: Update os.walk() docstring to match the online docs. (GH-11836) 2019-09-10 13:43:58 +01:00
pathlib.py bpo-37689: add Path.is_relative_to() method (GH-14982) 2019-08-13 21:54:02 +02:00
pdb.py bpo-36250: ignore ValueError from signal in non-main thread (GH-12251) 2019-09-09 05:45:58 -05:00
pickle.py bpo-37210: Fix pure Python pickle when _pickle is unavailable (GH-14016) 2019-06-13 13:58:51 +02:00
pickletools.py bpo-36785: PEP 574 implementation (GH-7076) 2019-05-26 17:10:09 +02:00
pipes.py
pkgutil.py closes bpo-31650: PEP 552 (Deterministic pycs) implementation (#4575) 2017-12-09 10:26:52 -08:00
platform.py bpo-35389: platform.platform() calls libc_ver() without executable (GH-14418) 2019-06-27 09:04:28 +02:00
plistlib.py bpo-36409: Remove old plistlib API deprecated in 3.4 (GH-15615) 2019-09-05 10:11:35 +02:00
poplib.py bpo-37390: Add audit event table to documentations (GH-14406) 2019-06-27 10:47:59 -07:00
posixpath.py bpo-35755: Remove current directory from posixpath.defpath (GH-11586) 2019-04-17 17:05:30 +02:00
pprint.py bpo-37376: pprint support for SimpleNamespace (GH-14318) 2019-06-26 16:13:18 -07:00
profile.py [3.9] bpo-37116: Use PEP 570 syntax for positional-only parameters. (GH-12620) 2019-06-05 18:22:31 +03:00
pstats.py Fix typos in docs and docstrings (GH-13745) 2019-06-03 01:12:33 +02:00
pty.py
py_compile.py bpo-22640: Add silent mode to py_compile.compile() (GH-12976) 2019-05-28 19:29:04 +03:00
pyclbr.py Fix typos in docs and docstrings (GH-13745) 2019-06-03 01:12:33 +02:00
pydoc.py Mark files as executable that are meant as scripts. (GH-15354) 2019-09-09 07:16:33 -07:00
queue.py bpo-37394: Fix pure Python implementation of the queue module (GH-14351) 2019-06-25 02:53:30 +01:00
quopri.py bpo-15999: Clean up of handling boolean arguments. (GH-15610) 2019-09-01 12:16:51 +03:00
random.py bpo-32554: Deprecate hashing arbitrary types in random.seed() (GH-15382) 2019-08-22 09:19:36 -07:00
re.py bpo-36548: Improve the repr of re flags. (GH-12715) 2019-05-31 10:39:47 +03:00
reprlib.py bpo-31370: Remove support for threads-less builds (#3385) 2017-09-07 18:56:24 +02:00
rlcompleter.py
runpy.py
sched.py bpo-31370: Remove support for threads-less builds (#3385) 2017-09-07 18:56:24 +02:00
secrets.py
selectors.py
shelve.py Fix misleading docsting of shelve.open(). (GH-6427) 2018-04-09 17:16:01 +03:00
shlex.py bpo-28595: Allow shlex whitespace_split with punctuation_chars (GH-2071) 2019-06-01 20:09:22 +01:00
shutil.py Clarify that shutil's copy functions can accept path-like values (GH-15141) 2019-09-09 08:51:56 -07:00
signal.py bpo-34282: Fix Enum._convert shadowing members named _convert (GH-8568) 2018-09-12 10:28:53 -07:00
site.py bpo-37369: Fix initialization of sys members when launched via an app container (GH-14428) 2019-06-29 10:34:11 -07:00
smtpd.py
smtplib.py bpo-32793: Fix a duplicate debug message in smtplib (GH-15341) 2019-08-20 10:52:25 -07:00
sndhdr.py bpo-31985: Deprecate openfp in aifc, sunau, and wave (#4344) 2017-11-10 11:38:25 -05:00
socket.py bpo-11953: Extend table of Windows WSA* error codes (GH-15004) 2019-09-09 02:15:14 -07:00
socketserver.py Fix typo in socketserver docstring (GH-11252) 2018-12-21 14:22:09 -08:00
sre_compile.py Simplify flags checks in sre_compile.py. (GH-9718) 2018-10-05 20:53:45 +03:00
sre_constants.py bpo-36793: Remove unneeded __str__ definitions. (GH-13081) 2019-05-06 22:29:40 +03:00
sre_parse.py bpo-37723: Fix performance regression on regular expression parsing. (GH-15030) 2019-07-31 21:50:39 +03:00
ssl.py bpo-37463: match_hostname requires quad-dotted IPv4 (GH-14499) 2019-07-02 11:39:42 -07:00
stat.py closes bpo-34353: Add sockets to stat.filemode fallback python implementation. (GH-8703) 2018-08-09 22:12:08 -07:00
statistics.py bpo-36018: Address more reviewer feedback (GH-15733) 2019-09-08 16:57:58 -07:00
string.py bpo-37116: Use PEP 570 syntax for positional-only parameters. (GH-13700) 2019-06-01 11:00:15 +03:00
stringprep.py
struct.py
subprocess.py bpo-37424: Avoid a hang in subprocess.run timeout output capture (GH-14490) 2019-09-11 02:23:05 -07:00
sunau.py bpo-37320: Remove openfp() of aifc, sunau and wave (GH-14169) 2019-06-18 00:00:24 +02:00
symbol.py bpo-35766: Merge typed_ast back into CPython (GH-11645) 2019-01-31 12:40:27 +01:00
symtable.py bpo-34983: Expose symtable.Symbol.is_nonlocal() in the symtable module (GH-9872) 2018-10-20 01:46:00 +01:00
sysconfig.py bpo-37201: fix test_distutils failures for Windows ARM64 (GH-13902) 2019-06-12 10:16:49 -07:00
tabnanny.py
tarfile.py Add missing docstrings for TarInfo objects (#12555) 2019-03-27 13:16:34 -07:00
telnetlib.py bpo-37363: Add audit events for a range of modules (GH-14301) 2019-06-24 08:42:54 -07:00
tempfile.py bpo-37363: Add audit events for a range of modules (GH-14301) 2019-06-24 08:42:54 -07:00
textwrap.py bpo-30754: Document textwrap.dedent blank line behavior. (GH-14469) 2019-06-29 21:20:03 -07:00
this.py
threading.py bpo-15999: Clean up of handling boolean arguments. (GH-15610) 2019-09-01 12:16:51 +03:00
timeit.py bpo-28240: timeit: Update repeat() doc (GH-7419) 2018-06-06 17:55:18 +02:00
token.py bpo-35975: Support parsing earlier minor versions of Python 3 (GH-12086) 2019-03-07 12:38:08 -08:00
tokenize.py bpo-5028: Fix up rest of documentation for tokenize documenting line (GH-13686) 2019-05-30 15:06:32 -07:00
trace.py [3.9] bpo-37116: Use PEP 570 syntax for positional-only parameters. (GH-12620) 2019-06-05 18:22:31 +03:00
traceback.py bpo-37685: Fixed __eq__, __lt__ etc implementations in some classes. (GH-14952) 2019-08-08 08:42:54 +03:00
tracemalloc.py bpo-37685: Fixed __eq__, __lt__ etc implementations in some classes. (GH-14952) 2019-08-08 08:42:54 +03:00
tty.py
turtle.py Fix typos in docs and docstrings (GH-13745) 2019-06-03 01:12:33 +02:00
types.py bpo-37032: Add CodeType.replace() method (GH-13542) 2019-05-24 23:57:23 +02:00
typing.py bpo-37116: Use PEP 570 syntax for positional-only parameters. (GH-13700) 2019-06-01 11:00:15 +03:00
uu.py bpo-33687: Fix call to os.chmod() in uu.decode() (GH-7282) 2019-01-17 17:15:53 +03:00
uuid.py Fix typos mostly in comments, docs and test names (GH-15209) 2019-08-30 16:21:19 -04:00
warnings.py bpo-35178: Fix warnings._formatwarnmsg() (GH-12033) 2019-03-01 18:17:55 +01:00
wave.py bpo-37320: Remove openfp() of aifc, sunau and wave (GH-14169) 2019-06-18 00:00:24 +02:00
weakref.py bpo-38006: Avoid closure in weakref.WeakValueDictionary (GH-15641) 2019-09-09 16:55:58 +02:00
webbrowser.py bpo-37363: Add audit events for a range of modules (GH-14301) 2019-06-24 08:42:54 -07:00
xdrlib.py
zipapp.py bpo-31638: Add compression support to zipapp (GH-3819) 2017-09-29 18:31:52 +01:00
zipfile.py bpo-26185: Fix repr() on empty ZipInfo object (#13441) 2019-09-09 06:08:54 -07:00
zipimport.py bpo-36842: Implement PEP 578 (GH-12613) 2019-05-23 08:45:22 -07:00