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327 lines
9.9 KiB
ReStructuredText
327 lines
9.9 KiB
ReStructuredText
.. highlight:: c
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.. _datetimeobjects:
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DateTime Objects
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----------------
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Various date and time objects are supplied by the :mod:`datetime` module.
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Before using any of these functions, the header file :file:`datetime.h` must be
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included in your source (note that this is not included by :file:`Python.h`),
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and the macro :c:macro:`!PyDateTime_IMPORT` must be invoked, usually as part of
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the module initialisation function. The macro puts a pointer to a C structure
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into a static variable, :c:data:`!PyDateTimeAPI`, that is used by the following
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macros.
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.. c:type:: PyDateTime_Date
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This subtype of :c:type:`PyObject` represents a Python date object.
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.. c:type:: PyDateTime_DateTime
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This subtype of :c:type:`PyObject` represents a Python datetime object.
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.. c:type:: PyDateTime_Time
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This subtype of :c:type:`PyObject` represents a Python time object.
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.. c:type:: PyDateTime_Delta
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This subtype of :c:type:`PyObject` represents the difference between two datetime values.
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.. c:var:: PyTypeObject PyDateTime_DateType
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This instance of :c:type:`PyTypeObject` represents the Python date type;
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it is the same object as :class:`datetime.date` in the Python layer.
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.. c:var:: PyTypeObject PyDateTime_DateTimeType
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This instance of :c:type:`PyTypeObject` represents the Python datetime type;
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it is the same object as :class:`datetime.datetime` in the Python layer.
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.. c:var:: PyTypeObject PyDateTime_TimeType
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This instance of :c:type:`PyTypeObject` represents the Python time type;
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it is the same object as :class:`datetime.time` in the Python layer.
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.. c:var:: PyTypeObject PyDateTime_DeltaType
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This instance of :c:type:`PyTypeObject` represents Python type for
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the difference between two datetime values;
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it is the same object as :class:`datetime.timedelta` in the Python layer.
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.. c:var:: PyTypeObject PyDateTime_TZInfoType
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This instance of :c:type:`PyTypeObject` represents the Python time zone info type;
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it is the same object as :class:`datetime.tzinfo` in the Python layer.
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Macro for access to the UTC singleton:
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.. c:var:: PyObject* PyDateTime_TimeZone_UTC
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Returns the time zone singleton representing UTC, the same object as
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:attr:`datetime.timezone.utc`.
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.. versionadded:: 3.7
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Type-check macros:
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.. c:function:: int PyDate_Check(PyObject *ob)
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Return true if *ob* is of type :c:data:`PyDateTime_DateType` or a subtype of
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:c:data:`!PyDateTime_DateType`. *ob* must not be ``NULL``. This function always
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succeeds.
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.. c:function:: int PyDate_CheckExact(PyObject *ob)
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Return true if *ob* is of type :c:data:`PyDateTime_DateType`. *ob* must not be
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``NULL``. This function always succeeds.
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.. c:function:: int PyDateTime_Check(PyObject *ob)
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Return true if *ob* is of type :c:data:`PyDateTime_DateTimeType` or a subtype of
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:c:data:`!PyDateTime_DateTimeType`. *ob* must not be ``NULL``. This function always
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succeeds.
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.. c:function:: int PyDateTime_CheckExact(PyObject *ob)
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Return true if *ob* is of type :c:data:`PyDateTime_DateTimeType`. *ob* must not
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be ``NULL``. This function always succeeds.
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.. c:function:: int PyTime_Check(PyObject *ob)
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Return true if *ob* is of type :c:data:`PyDateTime_TimeType` or a subtype of
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:c:data:`!PyDateTime_TimeType`. *ob* must not be ``NULL``. This function always
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succeeds.
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.. c:function:: int PyTime_CheckExact(PyObject *ob)
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Return true if *ob* is of type :c:data:`PyDateTime_TimeType`. *ob* must not be
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``NULL``. This function always succeeds.
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.. c:function:: int PyDelta_Check(PyObject *ob)
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Return true if *ob* is of type :c:data:`PyDateTime_DeltaType` or a subtype of
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:c:data:`!PyDateTime_DeltaType`. *ob* must not be ``NULL``. This function always
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succeeds.
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.. c:function:: int PyDelta_CheckExact(PyObject *ob)
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Return true if *ob* is of type :c:data:`PyDateTime_DeltaType`. *ob* must not be
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``NULL``. This function always succeeds.
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.. c:function:: int PyTZInfo_Check(PyObject *ob)
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Return true if *ob* is of type :c:data:`PyDateTime_TZInfoType` or a subtype of
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:c:data:`!PyDateTime_TZInfoType`. *ob* must not be ``NULL``. This function always
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succeeds.
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.. c:function:: int PyTZInfo_CheckExact(PyObject *ob)
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Return true if *ob* is of type :c:data:`PyDateTime_TZInfoType`. *ob* must not be
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``NULL``. This function always succeeds.
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Macros to create objects:
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.. c:function:: PyObject* PyDate_FromDate(int year, int month, int day)
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Return a :class:`datetime.date` object with the specified year, month and day.
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.. c:function:: PyObject* PyDateTime_FromDateAndTime(int year, int month, int day, int hour, int minute, int second, int usecond)
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Return a :class:`datetime.datetime` object with the specified year, month, day, hour,
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minute, second and microsecond.
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.. c:function:: PyObject* PyDateTime_FromDateAndTimeAndFold(int year, int month, int day, int hour, int minute, int second, int usecond, int fold)
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Return a :class:`datetime.datetime` object with the specified year, month, day, hour,
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minute, second, microsecond and fold.
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.. versionadded:: 3.6
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.. c:function:: PyObject* PyTime_FromTime(int hour, int minute, int second, int usecond)
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Return a :class:`datetime.time` object with the specified hour, minute, second and
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microsecond.
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.. c:function:: PyObject* PyTime_FromTimeAndFold(int hour, int minute, int second, int usecond, int fold)
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Return a :class:`datetime.time` object with the specified hour, minute, second,
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microsecond and fold.
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.. versionadded:: 3.6
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.. c:function:: PyObject* PyDelta_FromDSU(int days, int seconds, int useconds)
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Return a :class:`datetime.timedelta` object representing the given number
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of days, seconds and microseconds. Normalization is performed so that the
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resulting number of microseconds and seconds lie in the ranges documented for
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:class:`datetime.timedelta` objects.
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.. c:function:: PyObject* PyTimeZone_FromOffset(PyObject *offset)
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Return a :class:`datetime.timezone` object with an unnamed fixed offset
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represented by the *offset* argument.
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.. versionadded:: 3.7
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.. c:function:: PyObject* PyTimeZone_FromOffsetAndName(PyObject *offset, PyObject *name)
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Return a :class:`datetime.timezone` object with a fixed offset represented
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by the *offset* argument and with tzname *name*.
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.. versionadded:: 3.7
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Macros to extract fields from date objects. The argument must be an instance of
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:c:type:`PyDateTime_Date`, including subclasses (such as
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:c:type:`PyDateTime_DateTime`). The argument must not be ``NULL``, and the type is
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not checked:
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.. c:function:: int PyDateTime_GET_YEAR(PyDateTime_Date *o)
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Return the year, as a positive int.
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.. c:function:: int PyDateTime_GET_MONTH(PyDateTime_Date *o)
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Return the month, as an int from 1 through 12.
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.. c:function:: int PyDateTime_GET_DAY(PyDateTime_Date *o)
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Return the day, as an int from 1 through 31.
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Macros to extract fields from datetime objects. The argument must be an
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instance of :c:type:`PyDateTime_DateTime`, including subclasses. The argument
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must not be ``NULL``, and the type is not checked:
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.. c:function:: int PyDateTime_DATE_GET_HOUR(PyDateTime_DateTime *o)
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Return the hour, as an int from 0 through 23.
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.. c:function:: int PyDateTime_DATE_GET_MINUTE(PyDateTime_DateTime *o)
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Return the minute, as an int from 0 through 59.
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.. c:function:: int PyDateTime_DATE_GET_SECOND(PyDateTime_DateTime *o)
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Return the second, as an int from 0 through 59.
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.. c:function:: int PyDateTime_DATE_GET_MICROSECOND(PyDateTime_DateTime *o)
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Return the microsecond, as an int from 0 through 999999.
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.. c:function:: int PyDateTime_DATE_GET_FOLD(PyDateTime_DateTime *o)
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Return the fold, as an int from 0 through 1.
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.. versionadded:: 3.6
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.. c:function:: PyObject* PyDateTime_DATE_GET_TZINFO(PyDateTime_DateTime *o)
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Return the tzinfo (which may be ``None``).
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.. versionadded:: 3.10
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Macros to extract fields from time objects. The argument must be an instance of
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:c:type:`PyDateTime_Time`, including subclasses. The argument must not be ``NULL``,
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and the type is not checked:
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.. c:function:: int PyDateTime_TIME_GET_HOUR(PyDateTime_Time *o)
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Return the hour, as an int from 0 through 23.
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.. c:function:: int PyDateTime_TIME_GET_MINUTE(PyDateTime_Time *o)
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Return the minute, as an int from 0 through 59.
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.. c:function:: int PyDateTime_TIME_GET_SECOND(PyDateTime_Time *o)
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Return the second, as an int from 0 through 59.
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.. c:function:: int PyDateTime_TIME_GET_MICROSECOND(PyDateTime_Time *o)
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Return the microsecond, as an int from 0 through 999999.
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.. c:function:: int PyDateTime_TIME_GET_FOLD(PyDateTime_Time *o)
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Return the fold, as an int from 0 through 1.
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.. versionadded:: 3.6
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.. c:function:: PyObject* PyDateTime_TIME_GET_TZINFO(PyDateTime_Time *o)
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Return the tzinfo (which may be ``None``).
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.. versionadded:: 3.10
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Macros to extract fields from time delta objects. The argument must be an
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instance of :c:type:`PyDateTime_Delta`, including subclasses. The argument must
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not be ``NULL``, and the type is not checked:
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.. c:function:: int PyDateTime_DELTA_GET_DAYS(PyDateTime_Delta *o)
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Return the number of days, as an int from -999999999 to 999999999.
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.. versionadded:: 3.3
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.. c:function:: int PyDateTime_DELTA_GET_SECONDS(PyDateTime_Delta *o)
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Return the number of seconds, as an int from 0 through 86399.
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.. versionadded:: 3.3
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.. c:function:: int PyDateTime_DELTA_GET_MICROSECONDS(PyDateTime_Delta *o)
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Return the number of microseconds, as an int from 0 through 999999.
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.. versionadded:: 3.3
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Macros for the convenience of modules implementing the DB API:
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.. c:function:: PyObject* PyDateTime_FromTimestamp(PyObject *args)
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Create and return a new :class:`datetime.datetime` object given an argument
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tuple suitable for passing to :meth:`datetime.datetime.fromtimestamp()`.
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.. c:function:: PyObject* PyDate_FromTimestamp(PyObject *args)
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Create and return a new :class:`datetime.date` object given an argument
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tuple suitable for passing to :meth:`datetime.date.fromtimestamp()`.
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