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57 lines
2.2 KiB
TeX
57 lines
2.2 KiB
TeX
\section{\module{pwd} ---
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The password database}
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\declaremodule{builtin}{pwd}
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\platform{Unix}
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\modulesynopsis{The password database (\function{getpwnam()} and friends).}
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This module provides access to the \UNIX{} user account and password
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database. It is available on all \UNIX{} versions.
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Password database entries are reported as a tuple-like object, whose
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attributes correspond to the members of the \code{passwd} structure
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(Attribute field below, see \code{<pwd.h>}):
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\begin{tableiii}{r|l|l}{textrm}{Index}{Attribute}{Meaning}
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\lineiii{0}{\code{pw_name}}{Login name}
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\lineiii{1}{\code{pw_passwd}}{Optional encrypted password}
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\lineiii{2}{\code{pw_uid}}{Numerical user ID}
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\lineiii{3}{\code{pw_gid}}{Numerical group ID}
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\lineiii{4}{\code{pw_gecos}}{User name or comment field}
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\lineiii{5}{\code{pw_dir}}{User home directory}
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\lineiii{6}{\code{pw_shell}}{User command interpreter}
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\end{tableiii}
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The uid and gid items are integers, all others are strings.
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\exception{KeyError} is raised if the entry asked for cannot be found.
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\note{In traditional \UNIX{} the field \code{pw_passwd} usually
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contains a password encrypted with a DES derived algorithm (see module
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\refmodule{crypt}\refbimodindex{crypt}). However most modern unices
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use a so-called \emph{shadow password} system. On those unices the
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\var{pw_passwd} field only contains an asterisk (\code{'*'}) or the
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letter \character{x} where the encrypted password is stored in a file
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\file{/etc/shadow} which is not world readable. Whether the \var{pw_passwd}
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field contains anything useful is system-dependent. If available, the
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\module{spwd} module should be used where access to the encrypted password
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is required.}
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It defines the following items:
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\begin{funcdesc}{getpwuid}{uid}
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Return the password database entry for the given numeric user ID.
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\end{funcdesc}
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\begin{funcdesc}{getpwnam}{name}
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Return the password database entry for the given user name.
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\end{funcdesc}
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\begin{funcdesc}{getpwall}{}
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Return a list of all available password database entries, in arbitrary order.
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\end{funcdesc}
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\begin{seealso}
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\seemodule{grp}{An interface to the group database, similar to this.}
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\seemodule{spwd}{An interface to the shadow password database, similar to this.}
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\end{seealso}
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