mirror of
https://github.com/python/cpython.git
synced 2025-10-31 05:31:20 +00:00
94 lines
3.3 KiB
ReStructuredText
94 lines
3.3 KiB
ReStructuredText
|
|
:mod:`netrc` --- netrc file processing
|
|
======================================
|
|
|
|
.. module:: netrc
|
|
:synopsis: Loading of .netrc files.
|
|
|
|
.. moduleauthor:: Eric S. Raymond <esr@snark.thyrsus.com>
|
|
.. sectionauthor:: Eric S. Raymond <esr@snark.thyrsus.com>
|
|
|
|
**Source code:** :source:`Lib/netrc.py`
|
|
|
|
--------------
|
|
|
|
The :class:`~netrc.netrc` class parses and encapsulates the netrc file format used by
|
|
the Unix :program:`ftp` program and other FTP clients.
|
|
|
|
|
|
.. class:: netrc([file])
|
|
|
|
A :class:`~netrc.netrc` instance or subclass instance encapsulates data from a netrc
|
|
file. The initialization argument, if present, specifies the file to parse. If
|
|
no argument is given, the file :file:`.netrc` in the user's home directory --
|
|
as determined by :func:`os.path.expanduser` -- will be read. Otherwise,
|
|
a :exc:`FileNotFoundError` exception will be raised.
|
|
Parse errors will raise :exc:`NetrcParseError` with diagnostic
|
|
information including the file name, line number, and terminating token.
|
|
If no argument is specified on a POSIX system, the presence of passwords in
|
|
the :file:`.netrc` file will raise a :exc:`NetrcParseError` if the file
|
|
ownership or permissions are insecure (owned by a user other than the user
|
|
running the process, or accessible for read or write by any other user).
|
|
This implements security behavior equivalent to that of ftp and other
|
|
programs that use :file:`.netrc`.
|
|
|
|
.. versionchanged:: 3.4 Added the POSIX permission check.
|
|
|
|
.. versionchanged:: 3.7
|
|
:func:`os.path.expanduser` is used to find the location of the
|
|
:file:`.netrc` file when *file* is not passed as argument.
|
|
|
|
.. versionchanged:: 3.10
|
|
:class:`netrc` try UTF-8 encoding before using locale specific
|
|
encoding.
|
|
|
|
|
|
.. exception:: NetrcParseError
|
|
|
|
Exception raised by the :class:`~netrc.netrc` class when syntactical errors are
|
|
encountered in source text. Instances of this exception provide three
|
|
interesting attributes: :attr:`msg` is a textual explanation of the error,
|
|
:attr:`filename` is the name of the source file, and :attr:`lineno` gives the
|
|
line number on which the error was found.
|
|
|
|
|
|
.. _netrc-objects:
|
|
|
|
netrc Objects
|
|
-------------
|
|
|
|
A :class:`~netrc.netrc` instance has the following methods:
|
|
|
|
|
|
.. method:: netrc.authenticators(host)
|
|
|
|
Return a 3-tuple ``(login, account, password)`` of authenticators for *host*.
|
|
If the netrc file did not contain an entry for the given host, return the tuple
|
|
associated with the 'default' entry. If neither matching host nor default entry
|
|
is available, return ``None``.
|
|
|
|
|
|
.. method:: netrc.__repr__()
|
|
|
|
Dump the class data as a string in the format of a netrc file. (This discards
|
|
comments and may reorder the entries.)
|
|
|
|
Instances of :class:`~netrc.netrc` have public instance variables:
|
|
|
|
|
|
.. attribute:: netrc.hosts
|
|
|
|
Dictionary mapping host names to ``(login, account, password)`` tuples. The
|
|
'default' entry, if any, is represented as a pseudo-host by that name.
|
|
|
|
|
|
.. attribute:: netrc.macros
|
|
|
|
Dictionary mapping macro names to string lists.
|
|
|
|
.. note::
|
|
|
|
Passwords are limited to a subset of the ASCII character set. All ASCII
|
|
punctuation is allowed in passwords, however, note that whitespace and
|
|
non-printable characters are not allowed in passwords. This is a limitation
|
|
of the way the .netrc file is parsed and may be removed in the future.
|