[dev.ssa] cmd/compile/ssa: add nilcheckelim pass

The nilcheckelim pass eliminates unnecessary nil checks.
The initial implementation removes redundant nil checks.
See the comments in nilcheck.go for ideas for future
improvements.

The efficacy of the cse pass has a significant impact
on this efficacy of this pass.

There are 886 nil checks in the parts of the standard
library that SSA can currently compile (~20%).

This pass eliminates 75 (~8.5%) of them.

As a data point, with a more aggressive but unsound
cse pass that treats many more types as identical,
this pass eliminates 115 (~13%) of the nil checks.

Change-Id: I13e567a39f5f6909fc33434d55c17a7e3884a704
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/11430
Reviewed-by: Alan Donovan <adonovan@google.com>

src/cmd/compile/internal/ssa/compile.go

@@ -52,6 +52,7 @@ var passes = [...]pass{
 	{"copyelim", copyelim},
 	{"opt", opt},
 	{"generic cse", cse},
+	{"nilcheckelim", nilcheckelim},
 	{"generic deadcode", deadcode},
 	{"dse", dse},
 	{"fuse", fuse},
@@ -77,6 +78,12 @@ var passOrder = [...]constraint{
 	// common-subexpression before dead-store elim, so that we recognize
 	// when two address expressions are the same.
 	{"generic cse", "dse"},
+	// cse substantially improves nilcheckelim efficacy
+	{"generic cse", "nilcheckelim"},
+	// allow deadcode to clean up after nilcheckelim
+	{"nilcheckelim", "generic deadcode"},
+	// nilcheckelim generates sequences of plain basic blocks
+	{"nilcheckelim", "fuse"},
 	// don't layout blocks until critical edges have been removed
 	{"critical", "layout"},
 	// regalloc requires the removal of all critical edges