cmd/compile,runtime: redo how map assignments work

To compile:
  m[k] = v
instead of:
  mapassign(maptype, m, &k, &v), do
do:
  *mapassign(maptype, m, &k) = v

mapassign returns a pointer to the value slot in the map.  It is just
like mapaccess except that it will allocate a new slot if k is not
already present in the map.

This makes map accesses faster but potentially larger (codewise).

It is faster because the write into the map is done when the compiler
knows the concrete type, so it can be done with a few store
instructions instead of calling typedmemmove.  We also potentially
avoid stack temporaries to hold v.

The code can be larger when the map has pointers in its value type,
since there is a write barrier call in addition to the mapassign call.
That makes the code at the callsite a bit bigger (go binary is 0.3%
bigger).

This CL is in preparation for doing operations like m[k] += v with
only a single runtime call.  That will roughly double the speed of
such operations.

Update #17133
Update #5147

Change-Id: Ia435f032090a2ed905dac9234e693972fe8c2dc5
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/30815
Run-TryBot: Keith Randall <khr@golang.org>
Reviewed-by: Matthew Dempsky <mdempsky@google.com>
TryBot-Result: Gobot Gobot <gobot@golang.org>

src/cmd/compile/internal/gc/syntax.go

@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ type Node struct {
 	Op        Op
 	Ullman    uint8 // sethi/ullman number
 	Addable   bool  // addressable
-	Etype     EType // op for OASOP, etype for OTYPE, exclam for export, 6g saved reg, ChanDir for OTCHAN
+	Etype     EType // op for OASOP, etype for OTYPE, exclam for export, 6g saved reg, ChanDir for OTCHAN, for OINDEXMAP 1=LHS,0=RHS
 	Bounded   bool  // bounds check unnecessary
 	NonNil    bool  // guaranteed to be non-nil
 	Class     Class // PPARAM, PAUTO, PEXTERN, etc