runtime: make getMCache inlineable

This change moves the responsibility of throwing if an mcache is not
available to the caller, because the inlining cost of throw is set very
high in the compiler. Even if it was reduced down to the cost of a usual
function call, it would still be too expensive, so just move it out.

This choice also makes sense in the context of #42339 since we're going
to have to handle the case where we don't have an mcache to update stats
in a few contexts anyhow.

Also, add getMCache to the list of functions that should be inlined to
prevent future regressions.

getMCache is called on the allocation fast path and because its not
inlined actually causes a significant regression (~10%) in some
microbenchmarks.

Fixes #42305.

Change-Id: I64ac5e4f26b730bd4435ea1069a4a50f55411ced
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/c/go/+/267157
Trust: Michael Knyszek <mknyszek@google.com>
Run-TryBot: Michael Knyszek <mknyszek@google.com>
Reviewed-by: Michael Pratt <mpratt@google.com>
TryBot-Result: Go Bot <gobot@golang.org>

src/runtime/malloc.go

@@ -975,6 +975,9 @@ func mallocgc(size uintptr, typ *_type, needzero bool) unsafe.Pointer {
 	shouldhelpgc := false
 	dataSize := size
 	c := getMCache()
+	if c == nil {
+		throw("mallocgc called without a P or outside bootstrapping")
+	}
 	var span *mspan
 	var x unsafe.Pointer
 	noscan := typ == nil || typ.ptrdata == 0
@@ -1202,7 +1205,11 @@ func reflect_unsafe_NewArray(typ *_type, n int) unsafe.Pointer {
 }
 
 func profilealloc(mp *m, x unsafe.Pointer, size uintptr) {
-	getMCache().nextSample = nextSample()
+	c := getMCache()
+	if c == nil {
+		throw("profilealloc called without a P or outside bootstrapping")
+	}
+	c.nextSample = nextSample()
 	mProf_Malloc(x, size)
 }