context: document that WithValue's key must be comparable

Also, check it and explode earlier, rather than cryptic failures later.

Change-Id: I319a425f60e2bc9d005a187fbdbd153faa96411c
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/21799
Reviewed-by: Andrew Gerrand <adg@golang.org>
Run-TryBot: Brad Fitzpatrick <bradfitz@golang.org>
TryBot-Result: Gobot Gobot <gobot@golang.org>
Reviewed-by: Minux Ma <minux@golang.org>

src/context/context_test.go

@@ -586,3 +586,16 @@ func TestCancelRemoves(t *testing.T) {
 	cancel()
 	checkChildren("after cancelling WithTimeout child", ctx, 0)
 }
+
+func TestWithValueChecksKey(t *testing.T) {
+	panicVal := recoveredValue(func() { WithValue(Background(), []byte("foo"), "bar") })
+	if panicVal == nil {
+		t.Error("expected panic")
+	}
+}
+
+func recoveredValue(fn func()) (v interface{}) {
+	defer func() { v = recover() }()
+	fn()
+	return
+}