runtime: use a pipe to wake up signal_recv on Darwin

The implementation of semaphores, and therefore notes, used on Darwin
is not async-signal-safe. The runtime has one case where a note needs
to be woken up from a signal handler: the call to notewakeup in sigsend.
That notewakeup call is only called on a single note, and it doesn't
need the full functionality of notes: nothing ever does a timed wait on it.
So change that one note to use a different implementation on Darwin,
based on a pipe. This lets the wakeup code use the write call, which is
async-signal-safe.

Fixes #31264

Change-Id: If705072d7a961dd908ea9d639c8d12b222c64806
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/c/go/+/184169
Run-TryBot: Ian Lance Taylor <iant@golang.org>
TryBot-Result: Gobot Gobot <gobot@golang.org>
Reviewed-by: Russ Cox <rsc@golang.org>

src/runtime/sigqueue_note.go

@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+// Copyright 2019 The Go Authors. All rights reserved.
+// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+// license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
+
+// The current implementation of notes on Darwin is not async-signal-safe,
+// so on Darwin the sigqueue code uses different functions to wake up the
+// signal_recv thread. This file holds the non-Darwin implementations of
+// those functions. These functions will never be called.
+
+// +build !darwin
+// +build !plan9
+
+package runtime
+
+func sigNoteSetup(*note) {
+	throw("sigNoteSetup")
+}
+
+func sigNoteSleep(*note) {
+	throw("sigNoteSleep")
+}
+
+func sigNoteWakeup(*note) {
+	throw("sigNoteWakeup")
+}