runtime: use a pipe to wake up signal_recv on Darwin

The implementation of semaphores, and therefore notes, used on Darwin
is not async-signal-safe. The runtime has one case where a note needs
to be woken up from a signal handler: the call to notewakeup in sigsend.
That notewakeup call is only called on a single note, and it doesn't
need the full functionality of notes: nothing ever does a timed wait on it.
So change that one note to use a different implementation on Darwin,
based on a pipe. This lets the wakeup code use the write call, which is
async-signal-safe.

Fixes #31264

Change-Id: If705072d7a961dd908ea9d639c8d12b222c64806
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/c/go/+/184169
Run-TryBot: Ian Lance Taylor <iant@golang.org>
TryBot-Result: Gobot Gobot <gobot@golang.org>
Reviewed-by: Russ Cox <rsc@golang.org>

src/runtime/defs_darwin.go

@@ -116,7 +116,11 @@ const (
 	PTHREAD_CREATE_DETACHED = C.PTHREAD_CREATE_DETACHED
 
 	F_SETFD    = C.F_SETFD
+	F_GETFL    = C.F_GETFL
+	F_SETFL    = C.F_SETFL
 	FD_CLOEXEC = C.FD_CLOEXEC
+
+	O_NONBLOCK = C.O_NONBLOCK
 )
 
 type StackT C.struct_sigaltstack

src/runtime/defs_darwin_386.go

@@ -94,7 +94,11 @@ const (
 	_PTHREAD_CREATE_DETACHED = 0x2
 
 	_F_SETFD    = 0x2
+	_F_GETFL    = 0x3
+	_F_SETFL    = 0x4
 	_FD_CLOEXEC = 0x1
+
+	_O_NONBLOCK = 4
 )
 
 type stackt struct {

src/runtime/defs_darwin_amd64.go

@@ -94,7 +94,11 @@ const (
 	_PTHREAD_CREATE_DETACHED = 0x2
 
 	_F_SETFD    = 0x2
+	_F_GETFL    = 0x3
+	_F_SETFL    = 0x4
 	_FD_CLOEXEC = 0x1
+
+	_O_NONBLOCK = 4
 )
 
 type stackt struct {

src/runtime/defs_darwin_arm.go

@@ -96,7 +96,11 @@ const (
 	_PTHREAD_CREATE_DETACHED = 0x2
 
 	_F_SETFD    = 0x2
+	_F_GETFL    = 0x3
+	_F_SETFL    = 0x4
 	_FD_CLOEXEC = 0x1
+
+	_O_NONBLOCK = 4
 )
 
 type stackt struct {

src/runtime/defs_darwin_arm64.go

@@ -94,7 +94,11 @@ const (
 	_PTHREAD_CREATE_DETACHED = 0x2
 
 	_F_SETFD    = 0x2
+	_F_GETFL    = 0x3
+	_F_SETFL    = 0x4
 	_FD_CLOEXEC = 0x1
+
+	_O_NONBLOCK = 4
 )
 
 type stackt struct {

src/runtime/os_darwin.go

@@ -75,6 +75,52 @@ func semawakeup(mp *m) {
 	pthread_mutex_unlock(&mp.mutex)
 }
 
+// The read and write file descriptors used by the sigNote functions.
+var sigNoteRead, sigNoteWrite int32
+
+// sigNoteSetup initializes an async-signal-safe note.
+//
+// The current implementation of notes on Darwin is not async-signal-safe,
+// because the functions pthread_mutex_lock, pthread_cond_signal, and
+// pthread_mutex_unlock, called by semawakeup, are not async-signal-safe.
+// There is only one case where we need to wake up a note from a signal
+// handler: the sigsend function. The signal handler code does not require
+// all the features of notes: it does not need to do a timed wait.
+// This is a separate implementation of notes, based on a pipe, that does
+// not support timed waits but is async-signal-safe.
+func sigNoteSetup(*note) {
+	if sigNoteRead != 0 || sigNoteWrite != 0 {
+		throw("duplicate sigNoteSetup")
+	}
+	var errno int32
+	sigNoteRead, sigNoteWrite, errno = pipe()
+	if errno != 0 {
+		throw("pipe failed")
+	}
+	closeonexec(sigNoteRead)
+	closeonexec(sigNoteWrite)
+
+	// Make the write end of the pipe non-blocking, so that if the pipe
+	// buffer is somehow full we will not block in the signal handler.
+	// Leave the read end of the pipe blocking so that we will block
+	// in sigNoteSleep.
+	setNonblock(sigNoteWrite)
+}
+
+// sigNoteWakeup wakes up a thread sleeping on a note created by sigNoteSetup.
+func sigNoteWakeup(*note) {
+	var b byte
+	write(uintptr(sigNoteWrite), unsafe.Pointer(&b), 1)
+}
+
+// sigNoteSleep waits for a note created by sigNoteSetup to be woken.
+func sigNoteSleep(*note) {
+	entersyscallblock()
+	var b byte
+	read(sigNoteRead, unsafe.Pointer(&b), 1)
+	exitsyscall()
+}
+
 // BSD interface for threading.
 func osinit() {
 	// pthread_create delayed until end of goenvs so that we

src/runtime/sigqueue.go

@@ -105,6 +105,10 @@ Send:
 			break Send
 		case sigReceiving:
 			if atomic.Cas(&sig.state, sigReceiving, sigIdle) {
+				if GOOS == "darwin" {
+					sigNoteWakeup(&sig.note)
+					break Send
+				}
 				notewakeup(&sig.note)
 				break Send
 			}
@@ -136,6 +140,10 @@ func signal_recv() uint32 {
 				throw("signal_recv: inconsistent state")
 			case sigIdle:
 				if atomic.Cas(&sig.state, sigIdle, sigReceiving) {
+					if GOOS == "darwin" {
+						sigNoteSleep(&sig.note)
+						break Receive
+					}
 					notetsleepg(&sig.note, -1)
 					noteclear(&sig.note)
 					break Receive
@@ -188,6 +196,10 @@ func signal_enable(s uint32) {
 		// to use for initialization. It does not pass
 		// signal information in m.
 		sig.inuse = true // enable reception of signals; cannot disable
+		if GOOS == "darwin" {
+			sigNoteSetup(&sig.note)
+			return
+		}
 		noteclear(&sig.note)
 		return
 	}

src/runtime/sigqueue_note.go

@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+// Copyright 2019 The Go Authors. All rights reserved.
+// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+// license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
+
+// The current implementation of notes on Darwin is not async-signal-safe,
+// so on Darwin the sigqueue code uses different functions to wake up the
+// signal_recv thread. This file holds the non-Darwin implementations of
+// those functions. These functions will never be called.
+
+// +build !darwin
+// +build !plan9
+
+package runtime
+
+func sigNoteSetup(*note) {
+	throw("sigNoteSetup")
+}
+
+func sigNoteSleep(*note) {
+	throw("sigNoteSleep")
+}
+
+func sigNoteWakeup(*note) {
+	throw("sigNoteWakeup")
+}

src/runtime/sys_darwin.go

@@ -197,6 +197,13 @@ func read(fd int32, p unsafe.Pointer, n int32) int32 {
 }
 func read_trampoline()
 
+func pipe() (r, w int32, errno int32) {
+	var p [2]int32
+	errno = libcCall(unsafe.Pointer(funcPC(pipe_trampoline)), noescape(unsafe.Pointer(&p)))
+	return p[0], p[1], errno
+}
+func pipe_trampoline()
+
 //go:nosplit
 //go:cgo_unsafe_args
 func closefd(fd int32) int32 {
@@ -395,6 +402,12 @@ func closeonexec(fd int32) {
 	fcntl(fd, _F_SETFD, _FD_CLOEXEC)
 }
 
+//go:nosplit
+func setNonblock(fd int32) {
+	flags := fcntl(fd, _F_GETFL, 0)
+	fcntl(fd, _F_SETFL, flags|_O_NONBLOCK)
+}
+
 // Tell the linker that the libc_* functions are to be found
 // in a system library, with the libc_ prefix missing.
 
@@ -409,6 +422,7 @@ func closeonexec(fd int32) {
 //go:cgo_import_dynamic libc_close close "/usr/lib/libSystem.B.dylib"
 //go:cgo_import_dynamic libc_read read "/usr/lib/libSystem.B.dylib"
 //go:cgo_import_dynamic libc_write write "/usr/lib/libSystem.B.dylib"
+//go:cgo_import_dynamic libc_pipe pipe "/usr/lib/libSystem.B.dylib"
 
 //go:cgo_import_dynamic libc_mmap mmap "/usr/lib/libSystem.B.dylib"
 //go:cgo_import_dynamic libc_munmap munmap "/usr/lib/libSystem.B.dylib"

src/runtime/sys_darwin_386.s

@@ -84,6 +84,21 @@ TEXT runtime·write_trampoline(SB),NOSPLIT,$0
 	POPL	BP
 	RET
 
+TEXT runtime·pipe_trampoline(SB),NOSPLIT,$0
+	PUSHL	BP
+	MOVL	SP, BP
+	SUBL	$8, SP
+	MOVL	16(SP), CX		// arg 1 pipefd
+	MOVL	AX, 0(SP)
+	CALL	libc_pipe(SB)
+	TESTL	AX, AX
+	JEQ	3(PC)
+	CALL	libc_error(SB)		// return negative errno value
+	NEGL	AX
+	MOVL	BP, SP
+	POPL	BP
+	RET
+
 TEXT runtime·mmap_trampoline(SB),NOSPLIT,$0
 	PUSHL	BP
 	MOVL	SP, BP

src/runtime/sys_darwin_amd64.s

@@ -59,6 +59,17 @@ TEXT runtime·write_trampoline(SB),NOSPLIT,$0
 	POPQ	BP
 	RET
 
+TEXT runtime·pipe_trampoline(SB),NOSPLIT,$0
+	PUSHQ	BP
+	MOVQ	SP, BP
+	CALL	libc_pipe(SB)		// pointer already in DI
+	TESTL	AX, AX
+	JEQ	3(PC)
+	CALL	libc_error(SB)		// return negative errno value
+	NEGL	AX
+	POPQ	BP
+	RET
+
 TEXT runtime·setitimer_trampoline(SB),NOSPLIT,$0
 	PUSHQ	BP
 	MOVQ	SP, BP

src/runtime/sys_darwin_arm.s

@@ -41,6 +41,14 @@ TEXT runtime·read_trampoline(SB),NOSPLIT,$0
 	BL	libc_read(SB)
 	RET
 
+TEXT runtime·pipe_trampoline(SB),NOSPLIT,$0
+	BL	libc_pipe(SB)	// pointer already in R0
+	CMP	$0, R0
+	BEQ	3(PC)
+	BL	libc_error(SB)	// return negative errno value
+	RSB	$0, R0, R0
+	RET
+
 TEXT runtime·exit_trampoline(SB),NOSPLIT|NOFRAME,$0
 	MOVW	0(R0), R0	// arg 0 code
 	BL libc_exit(SB)

src/runtime/sys_darwin_arm64.s

@@ -44,6 +44,14 @@ TEXT runtime·read_trampoline(SB),NOSPLIT,$0
 	BL	libc_read(SB)
 	RET
 
+TEXT runtime·pipe_trampoline(SB),NOSPLIT,$0
+	BL	libc_pipe(SB)	// pointer already in R0
+	CMP	$0, R0
+	BEQ	3(PC)
+	BL	libc_error(SB)	// return negative errno value
+	NEG	R0, R0
+	RET
+
 TEXT runtime·exit_trampoline(SB),NOSPLIT|NOFRAME,$0
 	MOVW	0(R0), R0
 	BL	libc_exit(SB)