runtime: optimize bulkBarrierPreWrite with allocheaders

Currently bulkBarrierPreWrite follows a fairly slow path wherein it
calls typePointersOf, which ends up calling into fastForward. This does
some fairly heavy computation to move the iterator forward without any
assumptions about where it lands at all. It needs to be completely
general to support splitting at arbitrary boundaries, for example for
scanning oblets.

This means that copying objects during the GC mark phase is fairly
expensive, and is a regression from before allocheaders.

However, in almost all cases bulkBarrierPreWrite and
bulkBarrierPreWriteSrcOnly have perfect type information. We can do a
lot better in these cases because we're starting on a type-size
boundary, which is exactly what the iterator is built around.

This change adds the typePointersOfType method which produces a
typePointers iterator from a pointer and a type. This change
significantly improves the performance of these bulk write barriers,
eliminating some performance regressions that were noticed on the perf
dashboard.

There are still just a couple cases where we have to use the more
general typePointersOf calls, but they're fairly rare; most bulk
barriers have perfect type information.

This change is tested by the GCInfo tests in the runtime and the GCBits
tests in the reflect package via an additional check in getgcmask.

Results for tile38 before and after allocheaders. There was previous a
regression in the p90, now it's gone. Also, the overall win has been
boosted slightly.

tile38 $ benchstat noallocheaders.results allocheaders.results
name             old time/op            new time/op            delta
Tile38QueryLoad             481µs ± 1%             468µs ± 1%  -2.71%  (p=0.000 n=10+10)

name             old average-RSS-bytes  new average-RSS-bytes  delta
Tile38QueryLoad            6.32GB ± 1%            6.23GB ± 0%  -1.38%  (p=0.000 n=9+8)

name             old peak-RSS-bytes     new peak-RSS-bytes     delta
Tile38QueryLoad            6.49GB ± 1%            6.40GB ± 1%  -1.38%  (p=0.002 n=10+10)

name             old peak-VM-bytes      new peak-VM-bytes      delta
Tile38QueryLoad            7.72GB ± 1%            7.64GB ± 1%  -1.07%  (p=0.007 n=10+10)

name             old p50-latency-ns     new p50-latency-ns     delta
Tile38QueryLoad              212k ± 1%              205k ± 0%  -3.02%  (p=0.000 n=10+9)

name             old p90-latency-ns     new p90-latency-ns     delta
Tile38QueryLoad              622k ± 1%              616k ± 1%  -1.03%  (p=0.005 n=10+10)

name             old p99-latency-ns     new p99-latency-ns     delta
Tile38QueryLoad             4.55M ± 2%             4.39M ± 2%  -3.51%  (p=0.000 n=10+10)

name             old ops/s              new ops/s              delta
Tile38QueryLoad             12.5k ± 1%             12.8k ± 1%  +2.78%  (p=0.000 n=10+10)

Change-Id: I0a48f848eae8777d0fd6769c3a1fe449f8d9d0a6
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/c/go/+/542219
Reviewed-by: Cherry Mui <cherryyz@google.com>
LUCI-TryBot-Result: Go LUCI <golang-scoped@luci-project-accounts.iam.gserviceaccount.com>

src/runtime/slice.go

@@ -64,7 +64,11 @@ func makeslicecopy(et *_type, tolen int, fromlen int, from unsafe.Pointer) unsaf
 		if copymem > 0 && writeBarrier.enabled {
 			// Only shade the pointers in old.array since we know the destination slice to
 			// only contains nil pointers because it has been cleared during alloc.
-			bulkBarrierPreWriteSrcOnly(uintptr(to), uintptr(from), copymem)
+			//
+			// It's safe to pass a type to this function as an optimization because
+			// from and to only ever refer to memory representing whole values of
+			// type et. See the comment on bulkBarrierPreWrite.
+			bulkBarrierPreWriteSrcOnly(uintptr(to), uintptr(from), copymem, et)
 		}
 	}
 
@@ -247,7 +251,11 @@ func growslice(oldPtr unsafe.Pointer, newLen, oldCap, num int, et *_type) slice
 		if lenmem > 0 && writeBarrier.enabled {
 			// Only shade the pointers in oldPtr since we know the destination slice p
 			// only contains nil pointers because it has been cleared during alloc.
-			bulkBarrierPreWriteSrcOnly(uintptr(p), uintptr(oldPtr), lenmem-et.Size_+et.PtrBytes)
+			//
+			// It's safe to pass a type to this function as an optimization because
+			// from and to only ever refer to memory representing whole values of
+			// type et. See the comment on bulkBarrierPreWrite.
+			bulkBarrierPreWriteSrcOnly(uintptr(p), uintptr(oldPtr), lenmem-et.Size_+et.PtrBytes, et)
 		}
 	}
 	memmove(p, oldPtr, lenmem)