During rebase of golang.org/cl/55152 the bucket argument
which was removed in golang.org/cl/56290 from makemap
was not removed from the argument list of makemap64.
This did lead to "pointer in unallocated span" errors
on 32bit platforms since the compiler did only generate
calls to makemap64 without the bucket argument.
Fixes#21568
Change-Id: Ia964a3c285837cd901297f4e16e40402148f8c1c
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/57990
Reviewed-by: Cherry Zhang <cherryyz@google.com>
Run-TryBot: Cherry Zhang <cherryyz@google.com>
TryBot-Result: Gobot Gobot <gobot@golang.org>
Where possible generate calls to runtime makemap with int hint argument
during compile time instead of makemap with int64 hint argument.
This eliminates converting the hint argument for calls to makemap with
int64 hint argument for platforms where int64 values do not fit into
an argument of type int.
A similar optimization for makeslice was introduced in CL
golang.org/cl/27851.
386:
name old time/op new time/op delta
NewEmptyMap 53.5ns ± 5% 41.9ns ± 5% -21.56% (p=0.000 n=10+10)
NewSmallMap 182ns ± 1% 165ns ± 1% -8.92% (p=0.000 n=10+10)
Change-Id: Ibd2b4c57b36f171b173bf7a0602b3a59771e6e44
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/55142
Reviewed-by: Keith Randall <khr@golang.org>
If there are no pointers, then clearing memory doesn't help GC,
and the memory is otherwise dead, so don't bother clearing it.
Change-Id: I953f4a3264939f2825e82292030eda2e835cbb97
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/57350
Run-TryBot: Josh Bleecher Snyder <josharian@gmail.com>
TryBot-Result: Gobot Gobot <gobot@golang.org>
Reviewed-by: Martin Möhrmann <moehrmann@google.com>
Minor refactoring. This is a step towards specializing evacuate
for mapfast key types.
Change-Id: Icffe2759b7d38e5c008d03941918d5a912ce62f6
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/56933
Run-TryBot: Josh Bleecher Snyder <josharian@gmail.com>
TryBot-Result: Gobot Gobot <gobot@golang.org>
Reviewed-by: Keith Randall <khr@golang.org>
Since oldbucket == h.nevacuate, we can just increment h.nevacuate here.
This removes oldbucket from scope, which will be useful shortly.
Change-Id: I70f81ec3995f17845ebf5d77ccd20ea4338f23e6
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/56932
Run-TryBot: Josh Bleecher Snyder <josharian@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Daniel Martí <mvdan@mvdan.cc>
Reviewed-by: Avelino <t@avelino.xxx>
Reviewed-by: Keith Randall <khr@golang.org>
TryBot-Result: Gobot Gobot <gobot@golang.org>
The number of times that alg has to be spilled
and restored makes it better to just reload it.
Change-Id: I2674752a889ecad59dab54da1d68fad03db1ca85
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/56931
Run-TryBot: Josh Bleecher Snyder <josharian@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Daniel Martí <mvdan@mvdan.cc>
Reviewed-by: Keith Randall <khr@golang.org>
TryBot-Result: Gobot Gobot <gobot@golang.org>
The new code is not quite equivalent to the old,
in that if newbit was very large it might have altered the new tophash.
The old behavior is unnecessary and probably undesirable.
Change-Id: I7fb3222520cb61081a857adcddfbb9078ead7122
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/56930
Run-TryBot: Josh Bleecher Snyder <josharian@gmail.com>
TryBot-Result: Gobot Gobot <gobot@golang.org>
Reviewed-by: Keith Randall <khr@golang.org>
After the key and value arrays, we have an overflow pointer.
So there's no way a past-the-end key or value pointer could point
past the end of the containing bucket.
So we don't need this additional protection.
Update #21459
Change-Id: I7726140033b06b187f7a7d566b3af8cdcaeab0b0
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/56772
Run-TryBot: Keith Randall <khr@golang.org>
TryBot-Result: Gobot Gobot <gobot@golang.org>
Reviewed-by: Martin Möhrmann <moehrmann@google.com>
Reviewed-by: Josh Bleecher Snyder <josharian@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Avelino <t@avelino.xxx>
Stack allocated hmap structs are explicitly zeroed before being
passed by pointer to makemap.
Heap allocated hmap structs are created with newobject
which also zeroes on allocation.
Therefore, setting the hmap fields to 0 or nil is redundant
since they will have been zeroed when hmap was allocated.
Change-Id: I5fc55b75e9dc5ba69f5e3588d6c746f53b45ba66
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/56291
Reviewed-by: Keith Randall <khr@golang.org>
The preceding cleanup made it clear that two cases
(have golden data, unreachable key) are handled identically.
Simplify the control flow to reflect that.
Simplifies the code and generates shorter machine code.
Change-Id: Id612e0da6679813e855506f47222c58ea6497d70
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/55093
Run-TryBot: Josh Bleecher Snyder <josharian@gmail.com>
TryBot-Result: Gobot Gobot <gobot@golang.org>
Reviewed-by: Keith Randall <khr@golang.org>
This change unifies the x and y cases.
It shrinks evacuate's machine code by ~25% and its stack size by ~15%.
It also eliminates a critical branch.
Whether an entry should go to x or y is designed to be unpredictable.
As a result, half of the branch predictions for useX were wrong.
Mispredicting that branch can easily incur an expensive cache miss.
Switching to an xy array allows elimination of that branch,
which in turn reduces cache misses.
Change-Id: Ie9cef53744b96c724c377ac0985b487fc50b49b1
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/54653
Run-TryBot: Josh Bleecher Snyder <josharian@gmail.com>
TryBot-Result: Gobot Gobot <gobot@golang.org>
Reviewed-by: Keith Randall <khr@golang.org>
Make the calculation of k and v a bit lazier.
None of the following code cares about indirect-vs-direct k,
and it happens on all code paths, so check t.indirectkey earlier.
Simplifies the code and reduces both machine code and stack size.
Change-Id: I5ea4c0772848d7a4b15383baedb9a1f7feb47201
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/55092
Run-TryBot: Josh Bleecher Snyder <josharian@gmail.com>
TryBot-Result: Gobot Gobot <gobot@golang.org>
Reviewed-by: Keith Randall <khr@golang.org>
This avoids the never triggered capacity checks in newarray.
Change-Id: Ib72b204adcb9e3fd3ab963defe0cd40e22d5d492
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/54731
Run-TryBot: Martin Möhrmann <moehrmann@google.com>
TryBot-Result: Gobot Gobot <gobot@golang.org>
Reviewed-by: Keith Randall <khr@golang.org>
This generates better code.
Masking B in the return statement should be unnecessary,
but the compiler is understandably not yet clever enough to see that.
Someday, it'd also be nice for the compiler to generate
a CMOV for the saturation if statement.
Change-Id: Ie1c157b21f5212610da1f3c7823a93816b3b61b9
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/54656
Run-TryBot: Josh Bleecher Snyder <josharian@gmail.com>
TryBot-Result: Gobot Gobot <gobot@golang.org>
Reviewed-by: Martin Möhrmann <moehrmann@google.com>
Combine conditions into a single if statement.
This is more readable.
It should generate identical machine code, but it doesn't.
The new code is shorter.
Change-Id: I9bf52f8f288b0df97a2b9b4e4183f6ca74175e8a
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/54651
Run-TryBot: Josh Bleecher Snyder <josharian@gmail.com>
TryBot-Result: Gobot Gobot <gobot@golang.org>
Reviewed-by: Martin Möhrmann <moehrmann@google.com>
Because the hint parameter is supposed to be treated
purely as a hint, if it doesn't meet the requirements
we disregard it and continue as if there was no hint
at all.
Fixes#19926
Change-Id: I86e7f99472fad6b99ba4e2fd33e4a9e55d55115e
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/40854
Run-TryBot: Brad Fitzpatrick <bradfitz@golang.org>
TryBot-Result: Gobot Gobot <gobot@golang.org>
Reviewed-by: Brad Fitzpatrick <bradfitz@golang.org>
Reviewed-by: Keith Randall <khr@golang.org>
overLoadFactor used a uintptr for its calculations.
When the number of potential buckets was large,
perhaps due to a coding error or corrupt/malicious user input
leading to a very large map size hint,
this led to overflow on 32 bit systems.
This overflow resulted in an infinite loop.
Prevent it by always using a 64 bit calculation.
Updates #20195
Change-Id: Iaabc710773cd5da6754f43b913478cc5562d89a2
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/42185
Run-TryBot: Josh Bleecher Snyder <josharian@gmail.com>
TryBot-Result: Gobot Gobot <gobot@golang.org>
Reviewed-by: Keith Randall <khr@golang.org>
When allocating a non-small array of buckets for a map,
also preallocate some overflow buckets.
The estimate of the number of overflow buckets
is based on a simulation of putting mid=(low+high)/2 elements
into a map, where low is the minimum number of elements
needed to reach this value of b (according to overLoadFactor),
and high is the maximum number of elements possible
to put in this value of b (according to overLoadFactor).
This estimate is surprisingly reliable and accurate.
The number of overflow buckets needed is quadratic,
for a fixed value of b.
Using this mid estimate means that we will overallocate a few
too many overflow buckets when the actual number of elements is near low,
and underallocate significantly too few overflow buckets
when the actual number of elements is near high.
The mechanism introduced in this CL can be re-used for
other overflow bucket optimizations.
For example, given an initial size hint,
we could estimate quite precisely the number of overflow buckets.
This is #19931.
We could also change from "non-nil means end-of-list"
to "pointer-to-hmap.buckets means end-of-list",
and then create a linked list of reusable overflow buckets
when they are freed by map growth.
That is #19992.
We could also use a similar mechanism to do bulk allocation
of overflow buckets.
All these uses can co-exist with only the one additional pointer
in mapextra, given a little care.
name old time/op new time/op delta
MapPopulate/1-8 60.1ns ± 2% 60.3ns ± 2% ~ (p=0.278 n=19+20)
MapPopulate/10-8 577ns ± 1% 578ns ± 1% ~ (p=0.140 n=20+20)
MapPopulate/100-8 8.06µs ± 1% 8.19µs ± 1% +1.67% (p=0.000 n=20+20)
MapPopulate/1000-8 104µs ± 1% 104µs ± 1% ~ (p=0.317 n=20+20)
MapPopulate/10000-8 891µs ± 1% 888µs ± 1% ~ (p=0.101 n=19+20)
MapPopulate/100000-8 8.61ms ± 1% 8.58ms ± 0% -0.34% (p=0.009 n=20+17)
name old alloc/op new alloc/op delta
MapPopulate/1-8 0.00B 0.00B ~ (all equal)
MapPopulate/10-8 179B ± 0% 179B ± 0% ~ (all equal)
MapPopulate/100-8 3.33kB ± 0% 3.38kB ± 0% +1.48% (p=0.000 n=20+16)
MapPopulate/1000-8 55.5kB ± 0% 53.4kB ± 0% -3.84% (p=0.000 n=19+20)
MapPopulate/10000-8 432kB ± 0% 428kB ± 0% -1.06% (p=0.000 n=19+20)
MapPopulate/100000-8 3.65MB ± 0% 3.62MB ± 0% -0.70% (p=0.000 n=20+20)
name old allocs/op new allocs/op delta
MapPopulate/1-8 0.00 0.00 ~ (all equal)
MapPopulate/10-8 1.00 ± 0% 1.00 ± 0% ~ (all equal)
MapPopulate/100-8 18.0 ± 0% 17.0 ± 0% -5.56% (p=0.000 n=20+20)
MapPopulate/1000-8 96.0 ± 0% 72.6 ± 1% -24.38% (p=0.000 n=20+20)
MapPopulate/10000-8 625 ± 0% 319 ± 0% -48.86% (p=0.000 n=20+20)
MapPopulate/100000-8 6.23k ± 0% 4.00k ± 0% -35.79% (p=0.000 n=20+20)
Change-Id: I01f41cb1374bdb99ccedbc00d04fb9ae43daa204
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/40979
Run-TryBot: Josh Bleecher Snyder <josharian@gmail.com>
TryBot-Result: Gobot Gobot <gobot@golang.org>
Reviewed-by: Keith Randall <khr@golang.org>
Any change to how we allocate overflow buckets
will require some extra hmap storage,
but we don't want hmap to grow,
particular as small maps usually don't need overflow buckets.
This CL converts the existing hmap overflow field,
which is usually used for pointer-free maps,
into a generic extra field.
This extra field can be used to hold data that is optional.
If it is valuable enough to do have special
handling of overflow buckets, which are medium-sized,
it is valuable enough to pay an extra alloc and two extra words for.
Adding fields to extra would entail adding overhead to pointer-free maps;
any mapextra fields added would need to be weighed against that.
This CL is just rearrangement, though.
Updates #19931
Updates #19992
Change-Id: If8537a206905b9d4dc6cd9d886184ece671b3f80
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/40976
Run-TryBot: Josh Bleecher Snyder <josharian@gmail.com>
TryBot-Result: Gobot Gobot <gobot@golang.org>
Reviewed-by: Keith Randall <khr@golang.org>
This simplifies the code, as well as providing
a single place to modify to change the
allocation of new overflow buckets.
Updates #19931
Updates #19992
Change-Id: I77070619f5c8fe449bbc35278278bca5eda780f2
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/40975
Run-TryBot: Josh Bleecher Snyder <josharian@gmail.com>
TryBot-Result: Gobot Gobot <gobot@golang.org>
Reviewed-by: Keith Randall <khr@golang.org>
Providing size hint when creating a map allows avoiding re-allocating
underlying data structure if we know how many elements are going to
be inserted. This can be used for example during decoding maps in
gob.
Fixes#19599
Change-Id: I108035fec29391215d2261a73eaed1310b46bab1
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/38335
Reviewed-by: Rob Pike <r@golang.org>
Reviewed-by: Ian Lance Taylor <iant@golang.org>
Since barrier-less memclr is only safe in very narrow circumstances,
this commit renames memclr to avoid accidentally calling memclr on
typed memory. This can cause subtle, non-deterministic bugs, so it's
worth some effort to prevent. In the near term, this will also prevent
bugs creeping in from any concurrent CLs that add calls to memclr; if
this happens, whichever patch hits master second will fail to compile.
This also adds the other new memclr variants to the compiler's
builtin.go to minimize the churn on that binary blob. We'll use these
in future commits.
Updates #17503.
Change-Id: I00eead049f5bd35ca107ea525966831f3d1ed9ca
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/31369
Reviewed-by: Keith Randall <khr@golang.org>
Reviewed-by: Rick Hudson <rlh@golang.org>
The hybrid barrier requires distinguishing typed and untyped memory
even when zeroing because the *current* contents of the memory matters
even when overwriting.
This commit introduces runtime.typedmemclr and runtime.memclrHasPointers
as a typed memory clearing functions parallel to runtime.typedmemmove.
Currently these simply call memclr, but with the hybrid barrier we'll
need to shade any pointers we're overwriting. These will provide us
with the necessary hooks to do so.
Updates #17503.
Change-Id: I74478619f8907825898092aaa204d6e4690f27e6
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/31366
Reviewed-by: Keith Randall <khr@golang.org>
Reviewed-by: Rick Hudson <rlh@golang.org>
To compile:
m[k] = v
instead of:
mapassign(maptype, m, &k, &v), do
do:
*mapassign(maptype, m, &k) = v
mapassign returns a pointer to the value slot in the map. It is just
like mapaccess except that it will allocate a new slot if k is not
already present in the map.
This makes map accesses faster but potentially larger (codewise).
It is faster because the write into the map is done when the compiler
knows the concrete type, so it can be done with a few store
instructions instead of calling typedmemmove. We also potentially
avoid stack temporaries to hold v.
The code can be larger when the map has pointers in its value type,
since there is a write barrier call in addition to the mapassign call.
That makes the code at the callsite a bit bigger (go binary is 0.3%
bigger).
This CL is in preparation for doing operations like m[k] += v with
only a single runtime call. That will roughly double the speed of
such operations.
Update #17133
Update #5147
Change-Id: Ia435f032090a2ed905dac9234e693972fe8c2dc5
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/30815
Run-TryBot: Keith Randall <khr@golang.org>
Reviewed-by: Matthew Dempsky <mdempsky@google.com>
TryBot-Result: Gobot Gobot <gobot@golang.org>
In particular, it wasn't obvious that some values are special (unless
you also found those special values), so document that it isn't
necessarily a hash value.
Change-Id: Iff292822b44408239e26cd882dc07be6df2c1d38
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/30143
Run-TryBot: Austin Clements <austin@google.com>
TryBot-Result: Gobot Gobot <gobot@golang.org>
Reviewed-by: Brad Fitzpatrick <bradfitz@golang.org>
Consider repeatedly adding many items to a map
and then deleting them all, as in #16070. The map
itself doesn't need to grow above the high water
mark of number of items. However, due to random
collisions, the map can accumulate overflow
buckets.
Prior to this CL, those overflow buckets were
never removed, which led to a slow memory leak.
The problem with removing overflow buckets is
iterators. The obvious approach is to repack
keys and values and eliminate unused overflow
buckets. However, keys, values, and overflow
buckets cannot be manipulated without disrupting
iterators.
This CL takes a different approach, which is to
reuse the existing map growth mechanism,
which is well established, well tested, and
safe in the presence of iterators.
When a map has accumulated enough overflow buckets
we trigger map growth, but grow into a map of the
same size as before. The old overflow buckets will
be left behind for garbage collection.
For the code in #16070, instead of climbing
(very slowly) forever, memory usage now cycles
between 264mb and 483mb every 15 minutes or so.
To avoid increasing the size of maps,
the overflow bucket counter is only 16 bits.
For large maps, the counter is incremented
stochastically.
Fixes#16070
Change-Id: If551d77613ec6836907efca58bda3deee304297e
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/25049
Run-TryBot: Josh Bleecher Snyder <josharian@gmail.com>
TryBot-Result: Gobot Gobot <gobot@golang.org>
Reviewed-by: Keith Randall <khr@golang.org>
We should check whether there is a concurrent writer at the
start of every mapiternext, not just in mapaccessK (which is
only called during certain map growth situations).
Tests turned off by default because they are inherently flaky.
Fixes#16278
Change-Id: I8b72cab1b8c59d1923bec6fa3eabc932e4e91542
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/24749
Reviewed-by: Brad Fitzpatrick <bradfitz@golang.org>
Reviewed-by: Josh Bleecher Snyder <josharian@gmail.com>
Consistently use type int for the size argument of
runtime.newarray, runtime.reflect_unsafe_NewArray
and reflect.unsafe_NewArray.
Change-Id: Ic77bf2dde216c92ca8c49462f8eedc0385b6314e
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/22311
Reviewed-by: Keith Randall <khr@golang.org>
Run-TryBot: Martin Möhrmann <martisch@uos.de>
TryBot-Result: Gobot Gobot <gobot@golang.org>
mapaccess{1,2} returns a pointer to the value. When the key
is not in the map, it returns a pointer to zeroed memory.
Currently, for large map values we have a complicated scheme which
dynamically allocates zeroed memory for this purpose. It is ugly
code and requires an atomic.Load in a bunch of places we'd rather
not have it.
Switch to a scheme where callsites of mapaccess{1,2} which expect
large return values pass in a pointer to zeroed memory that
mapaccess can return if the key is not found. This avoids the
atomic.Load on all map accesses with a few extra instructions only
for the large value acccesses, plus a bit of bss space.
There was a time (1.4 & 1.5?) where we did something like this but
all the tricks to make the right size zero value were done by the
linker. That scheme broke in the presence of dyamic linking.
The scheme in this CL works even when dynamic linking.
Fixes#12337
Change-Id: Ic2d0319944af33bbb59785938d9ab80958d1b4b1
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/22221
Run-TryBot: Keith Randall <khr@golang.org>
TryBot-Result: Gobot Gobot <gobot@golang.org>
Reviewed-by: Michael Hudson-Doyle <michael.hudson@canonical.com>
Make it clear that the point of this function stores a pointer
*without* a write barrier.
sed -i -e 's/Storep1/StorepNoWB/' $(git grep -l Storep1)
Updates #15270.
Change-Id: Ifad7e17815e51a738070655fe3b178afdadaecf6
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/21994
Reviewed-by: Brad Fitzpatrick <bradfitz@golang.org>
Reviewed-by: Michael Matloob <matloob@golang.org>
The tree's pretty inconsistent about single space vs double space
after a period in documentation. Make it consistently a single space,
per earlier decisions. This means contributors won't be confused by
misleading precedence.
This CL doesn't use go/doc to parse. It only addresses // comments.
It was generated with:
$ perl -i -npe 's,^(\s*// .+[a-z]\.) +([A-Z]),$1 $2,' $(git grep -l -E '^\s*//(.+\.) +([A-Z])')
$ go test go/doc -update
Change-Id: Iccdb99c37c797ef1f804a94b22ba5ee4b500c4f7
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/20022
Reviewed-by: Rob Pike <r@golang.org>
Reviewed-by: Dave Day <djd@golang.org>
Run-TryBot: Brad Fitzpatrick <bradfitz@golang.org>
TryBot-Result: Gobot Gobot <gobot@golang.org>
Also eliminates per-maptype hiter and hmap types, since they're not
really needed anyway. Update packages reflect and runtime
accordingly.
Reduces golang.org/x/tools/cmd/godoc's text segment by ~170kB:
text data bss dec hex filename
13085702 140640 151520 13377862 cc2146 godoc.before
12915382 140640 151520 13207542 c987f6 godoc.after
Updates #6853.
Change-Id: I948b2bc1f22d477c1756204996b4e3e1fb568d81
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/16610
Reviewed-by: Keith Randall <khr@golang.org>
If reports like #13062 are really concurrent misuse of maps,
we can detect that, at least some of the time, with a cheap check.
There is an extra pair of memory writes for writing to a map,
but to the same cache line as h.count, which is often being modified anyway,
and there is an extra memory read for reading from a map,
but to the same cache line as h.count, which is always being read anyway.
So the check should be basically invisible and may help reduce the
number of "mysterious runtime crash due to map misuse" reports.
Change-Id: I0e71b0d92eaa3b7bef48bf41b0f5ab790092487e
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/17501
Reviewed-by: Keith Randall <khr@golang.org>
Reviewed-by: Brad Fitzpatrick <bradfitz@golang.org>
Reviewed-by: Austin Clements <austin@google.com>
runtime/internal/sys will hold system-, architecture- and config-
specific constants.
Updates #11647
Change-Id: I6db29c312556087a42e8d2bdd9af40d157c56b54
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/16817
Reviewed-by: Russ Cox <rsc@golang.org>
