Refactor version macros and fix related bugs

The previous logic with VERSION_MKSTRING was a bit unwieldy, so there were
several places hardcoding their own variant of the version string, potentially
with bugs (e.g. forgetting the patch number when defined).

The new logic defines:

- VERSION_BRANCH, the main 'major.minor' version (e.g. 3.1)
- VERSION_NUMBER, which can be 'major.minor' or 'major.minor.patch',
  depending on whether the latter is defined (e.g. 3.1.4)
- VERSION_FULL_CONFIG, which contains the version status (e.g. stable)
  and the module-specific suffix (e.g. mono)
- VERSION_FULL_BUILD, same as above but with build/reference name
  (e.g. official, custom_build, mageia, etc.)
  Note: Slight change here, as the previous format had the build name
  *before* the module-specific suffix; now it's after
- VERSION_FULL_NAME, same as before, so VERSION_FULL_BUILD prefixed
  with "Godot v" for readability

Bugs fixed thanks to that:

- Export templates version matching now properly takes VERSION_PATCH
  into account by relying on VERSION_FULL_CONFIG.
- ClassDB hash no longer takes the build name into account, but limits
  itself to VERSION_FULL_CONFIG (build name is cosmetic, not relevant
  for the API hash).
- Docs XML no longer hardcode the VERSION_STATUS, this was annoying.
- Small cleanup in Windows .rc file thanks to new macros.

(cherry picked from commit 23ebae01dc)

editor/export_template_manager.cpp

@@ -68,7 +68,7 @@ void ExportTemplateManager::_update_template_list() {
 
 	memdelete(d);
 
-	String current_version = itos(VERSION_MAJOR) + "." + itos(VERSION_MINOR) + "-" + VERSION_STATUS + VERSION_MODULE_CONFIG;
+	String current_version = VERSION_FULL_CONFIG;
 
 	Label *current = memnew(Label);
 	current->set_h_size_flags(SIZE_EXPAND_FILL);