/*
 * Copyright (c) 2018-2025, Andreas Kling <andreas@ladybird.org>
 * Copyright (c) 2021-2024, Sam Atkins <sam@ladybird.org>
 *
 * SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-2-Clause
 */

#pragma once

#include <AK/HashMap.h>
#include <AK/Optional.h>
#include <AK/OwnPtr.h>
#include <LibGfx/Font/Typeface.h>
#include <LibGfx/FontCascadeList.h>
#include <LibWeb/Animations/KeyframeEffect.h>
#include <LibWeb/CSS/CSSFontFaceRule.h>
#include <LibWeb/CSS/CSSKeyframesRule.h>
#include <LibWeb/CSS/CSSStyleDeclaration.h>
#include <LibWeb/CSS/CascadeOrigin.h>
#include <LibWeb/CSS/CascadedProperties.h>
#include <LibWeb/CSS/Selector.h>
#include <LibWeb/CSS/StyleInvalidationData.h>
#include <LibWeb/Export.h>
#include <LibWeb/Forward.h>
#include <LibWeb/Loader/ResourceLoader.h>

namespace Web::CSS {

// A counting bloom filter with 2 hash functions.
// NOTE: If a counter overflows, it's kept maxed-out until the whole filter is cleared.
template<typename CounterType, size_t key_bits>
class CountingBloomFilter {
public:
    CountingBloomFilter() { }

    void clear() { __builtin_memset(m_buckets, 0, sizeof(m_buckets)); }

    void increment(u32 key)
    {
        auto& first = bucket1(key);
        if (first < NumericLimits<CounterType>::max())
            ++first;
        auto& second = bucket2(key);
        if (second < NumericLimits<CounterType>::max())
            ++second;
    }

    void decrement(u32 key)
    {
        auto& first = bucket1(key);
        if (first < NumericLimits<CounterType>::max())
            --first;
        auto& second = bucket2(key);
        if (second < NumericLimits<CounterType>::max())
            --second;
    }

    [[nodiscard]] bool may_contain(u32 hash) const
    {
        return bucket1(hash) && bucket2(hash);
    }

private:
    static constexpr u32 bucket_count = 1 << key_bits;
    static constexpr u32 key_mask = bucket_count - 1;

    [[nodiscard]] u32 hash1(u32 key) const { return key & key_mask; }
    [[nodiscard]] u32 hash2(u32 key) const { return (key >> 16) & key_mask; }

    [[nodiscard]] CounterType& bucket1(u32 key) { return m_buckets[hash1(key)]; }
    [[nodiscard]] CounterType& bucket2(u32 key) { return m_buckets[hash2(key)]; }
    [[nodiscard]] CounterType bucket1(u32 key) const { return m_buckets[hash1(key)]; }
    [[nodiscard]] CounterType bucket2(u32 key) const { return m_buckets[hash2(key)]; }

    CounterType m_buckets[bucket_count];
};

struct MatchingRule {
    GC::Ptr<DOM::ShadowRoot const> shadow_root;
    GC::Ptr<CSSRule const> rule; // Either CSSStyleRule or CSSNestedDeclarations
    GC::Ptr<CSSStyleSheet const> sheet;
    Optional<FlyString> default_namespace;
    Selector const& selector;
    size_t style_sheet_index { 0 };
    size_t rule_index { 0 };

    u32 specificity { 0 };
    CascadeOrigin cascade_origin;
    bool contains_pseudo_element { false };
    bool slotted { false };

    // Helpers to deal with the fact that `rule` might be a CSSStyleRule or a CSSNestedDeclarations
    CSSStyleProperties const& declaration() const;
    SelectorList const& absolutized_selectors() const;
    FlyString const& qualified_layer_name() const;
};

struct FontFaceKey;

struct OwnFontFaceKey {
    explicit OwnFontFaceKey(FontFaceKey const& other);

    operator FontFaceKey() const;

    [[nodiscard]] u32 hash() const { return pair_int_hash(family_name.hash(), pair_int_hash(weight, slope)); }
    [[nodiscard]] bool operator==(OwnFontFaceKey const& other) const = default;
    [[nodiscard]] bool operator==(FontFaceKey const& other) const;

    FlyString family_name;
    int weight { 0 };
    int slope { 0 };
};

struct RuleCache {
    HashMap<FlyString, Vector<MatchingRule>> rules_by_id;
    HashMap<FlyString, Vector<MatchingRule>> rules_by_class;
    HashMap<FlyString, Vector<MatchingRule>> rules_by_tag_name;
    HashMap<FlyString, Vector<MatchingRule>, AK::ASCIICaseInsensitiveFlyStringTraits> rules_by_attribute_name;
    Array<Vector<MatchingRule>, to_underlying(CSS::PseudoElement::KnownPseudoElementCount)> rules_by_pseudo_element;
    Vector<MatchingRule> root_rules;
    Vector<MatchingRule> slotted_rules;
    Vector<MatchingRule> other_rules;

    HashMap<FlyString, NonnullRefPtr<Animations::KeyframeEffect::KeyFrameSet>> rules_by_animation_keyframes;

    void add_rule(MatchingRule const&, Optional<PseudoElement>, bool contains_root_pseudo_class);
    void for_each_matching_rules(DOM::AbstractElement, Function<IterationDecision(Vector<MatchingRule> const&)> callback) const;
};

class FontLoader;

class WEB_API StyleComputer final : public GC::Cell {
    GC_CELL(StyleComputer, GC::Cell);
    GC_DECLARE_ALLOCATOR(StyleComputer);

public:
    static void for_each_property_expanding_shorthands(PropertyID, StyleValue const&, Function<void(PropertyID, StyleValue const&)> const& set_longhand_property);
    static NonnullRefPtr<StyleValue const> get_non_animated_inherit_value(PropertyID, DOM::AbstractElement);
    static Optional<NonnullRefPtr<StyleValue const>> get_animated_inherit_value(PropertyID, DOM::AbstractElement);

    static Optional<String> user_agent_style_sheet_source(StringView name);

    explicit StyleComputer(DOM::Document&);
    ~StyleComputer();

    DOM::Document& document() { return m_document; }
    DOM::Document const& document() const { return m_document; }

    void reset_ancestor_filter();
    void push_ancestor(DOM::Element const&);
    void pop_ancestor(DOM::Element const&);

    [[nodiscard]] GC::Ref<ComputedProperties> create_document_style() const;

    [[nodiscard]] GC::Ref<ComputedProperties> compute_style(DOM::AbstractElement, Optional<bool&> did_change_custom_properties = {}) const;
    [[nodiscard]] GC::Ptr<ComputedProperties> compute_pseudo_element_style_if_needed(DOM::AbstractElement, Optional<bool&> did_change_custom_properties) const;

    [[nodiscard]] RuleCache const& get_pseudo_class_rule_cache(PseudoClass) const;

    [[nodiscard]] Vector<MatchingRule const*> collect_matching_rules(DOM::AbstractElement, CascadeOrigin, PseudoClassBitmap& attempted_pseudo_class_matches, Optional<FlyString const> qualified_layer_name = {}) const;

    InvalidationSet invalidation_set_for_properties(Vector<InvalidationSet::Property> const&) const;
    bool invalidation_property_used_in_has_selector(InvalidationSet::Property const&) const;

    [[nodiscard]] bool has_valid_rule_cache() const { return m_author_rule_cache; }
    void invalidate_rule_cache();

    Gfx::Font const& initial_font() const;

    void did_load_font(FlyString const& family_name);

    GC::Ptr<FontLoader> load_font_face(ParsedFontFace const&, ESCAPING Function<void(RefPtr<Gfx::Typeface const>)> on_load = {});

    void load_fonts_from_sheet(CSSStyleSheet&);
    void unload_fonts_from_sheet(CSSStyleSheet&);

    static CSSPixels default_user_font_size();
    static CSSPixels absolute_size_mapping(AbsoluteSize, CSSPixels default_font_size);
    static CSSPixels relative_size_mapping(RelativeSize, CSSPixels inherited_font_size);
    RefPtr<Gfx::FontCascadeList const> compute_font_for_style_values(StyleValue const& font_family, CSSPixels const& font_size, int font_slope, double font_weight, Percentage const& font_width) const;
    [[nodiscard]] RefPtr<StyleValue const> recascade_font_size_if_needed(DOM::AbstractElement, CascadedProperties&) const;

    void set_viewport_rect(Badge<DOM::Document>, CSSPixelRect const& viewport_rect) { m_viewport_rect = viewport_rect; }

    void collect_animation_into(DOM::AbstractElement, GC::Ref<Animations::KeyframeEffect> animation, ComputedProperties&) const;

    [[nodiscard]] bool may_have_has_selectors() const;
    [[nodiscard]] bool have_has_selectors() const;

    size_t number_of_css_font_faces_with_loading_in_progress() const;

    [[nodiscard]] GC::Ref<ComputedProperties> compute_properties(DOM::AbstractElement, CascadedProperties&) const;

    void compute_property_values(ComputedProperties&) const;
    void compute_font(ComputedProperties&, Optional<DOM::AbstractElement>) const;

    [[nodiscard]] inline bool should_reject_with_ancestor_filter(Selector const&) const;

    static NonnullRefPtr<StyleValue const> compute_value_of_custom_property(DOM::AbstractElement, FlyString const& custom_property, Optional<Parser::GuardedSubstitutionContexts&> = {});

    struct PropertyValueComputationContext {
        Length::ResolutionContext length_resolution_context;
        double device_pixels_per_css_pixel;
    };
    static NonnullRefPtr<StyleValue const> compute_value_of_property(PropertyID, NonnullRefPtr<StyleValue const> const& specified_value, Function<NonnullRefPtr<StyleValue const>(PropertyID)> const& get_property_specified_value, PropertyValueComputationContext const&);
    static NonnullRefPtr<StyleValue const> compute_animation_name(NonnullRefPtr<StyleValue const> const& specified_value, PropertyValueComputationContext const&);
    static NonnullRefPtr<StyleValue const> compute_border_or_outline_width(NonnullRefPtr<StyleValue const> const& specified_value, NonnullRefPtr<StyleValue const> const& style_specified_value, PropertyValueComputationContext const&);
    static NonnullRefPtr<StyleValue const> compute_font_size(NonnullRefPtr<StyleValue const> const& specified_value, int computed_math_depth, CSSPixels inherited_font_size, int inherited_math_depth, Length::ResolutionContext const& parent_length_resolution_context);
    static NonnullRefPtr<StyleValue const> compute_font_style(NonnullRefPtr<StyleValue const> const& specified_value, Length::ResolutionContext const& parent_length_resolution_context);
    static NonnullRefPtr<StyleValue const> compute_font_weight(NonnullRefPtr<StyleValue const> const& specified_value, double inherited_font_weight, Length::ResolutionContext const& parent_length_resolution_context);
    static NonnullRefPtr<StyleValue const> compute_font_width(NonnullRefPtr<StyleValue const> const& specified_value, Length::ResolutionContext const& parent_length_resolution_context);
    static NonnullRefPtr<StyleValue const> compute_font_variation_settings(NonnullRefPtr<StyleValue const> const& specified_value);
    static NonnullRefPtr<StyleValue const> compute_line_height(NonnullRefPtr<StyleValue const> const& specified_value, Length::ResolutionContext const&);
    static NonnullRefPtr<StyleValue const> compute_opacity(NonnullRefPtr<StyleValue const> const& specified_value, PropertyValueComputationContext const&);
    static NonnullRefPtr<StyleValue const> compute_text_underline_offset(NonnullRefPtr<StyleValue const> const& specified_value, PropertyValueComputationContext const&);

private:
    virtual void visit_edges(Visitor&) override;

    enum class ComputeStyleMode {
        Normal,
        CreatePseudoElementStyleIfNeeded,
    };

    struct MatchingFontCandidate;

    struct LayerMatchingRules {
        FlyString qualified_layer_name;
        Vector<MatchingRule const*> rules;
    };

    struct MatchingRuleSet {
        Vector<MatchingRule const*> user_agent_rules;
        Vector<MatchingRule const*> user_rules;
        Vector<LayerMatchingRules> author_rules;
    };

    [[nodiscard]] MatchingRuleSet build_matching_rule_set(DOM::AbstractElement, PseudoClassBitmap& attempted_pseudo_class_matches, bool& did_match_any_pseudo_element_rules, ComputeStyleMode) const;

    LogicalAliasMappingContext compute_logical_alias_mapping_context(DOM::AbstractElement, ComputeStyleMode, MatchingRuleSet const&) const;
    [[nodiscard]] GC::Ptr<ComputedProperties> compute_style_impl(DOM::AbstractElement, ComputeStyleMode, Optional<bool&> did_change_custom_properties) const;
    [[nodiscard]] GC::Ref<CascadedProperties> compute_cascaded_values(DOM::AbstractElement, bool did_match_any_pseudo_element_rules, ComputeStyleMode, MatchingRuleSet const&, Optional<LogicalAliasMappingContext>, ReadonlySpan<PropertyID> properties_to_cascade) const;
    static RefPtr<Gfx::FontCascadeList const> find_matching_font_weight_ascending(Vector<MatchingFontCandidate> const& candidates, int target_weight, float font_size_in_pt, bool inclusive);
    static RefPtr<Gfx::FontCascadeList const> find_matching_font_weight_descending(Vector<MatchingFontCandidate> const& candidates, int target_weight, float font_size_in_pt, bool inclusive);
    RefPtr<Gfx::FontCascadeList const> font_matching_algorithm(FlyString const& family_name, int weight, int slope, float font_size_in_pt) const;
    void compute_custom_properties(ComputedProperties&, DOM::AbstractElement) const;
    void compute_math_depth(ComputedProperties&, Optional<DOM::AbstractElement>) const;
    void start_needed_transitions(ComputedProperties const& old_style, ComputedProperties& new_style, DOM::AbstractElement) const;
    void resolve_effective_overflow_values(ComputedProperties&) const;
    void transform_box_type_if_needed(ComputedProperties&, DOM::AbstractElement) const;

    template<typename Callback>
    void for_each_stylesheet(CascadeOrigin, Callback) const;

    [[nodiscard]] CSSPixelRect viewport_rect() const { return m_viewport_rect; }

    [[nodiscard]] Length::FontMetrics calculate_root_element_font_metrics(ComputedProperties const&) const;

    Vector<FlyString> m_qualified_layer_names_in_order;
    void build_qualified_layer_names_cache();

    void cascade_declarations(
        CascadedProperties&,
        DOM::AbstractElement,
        Vector<MatchingRule const*> const&,
        CascadeOrigin,
        Important,
        Optional<FlyString> layer_name,
        Optional<LogicalAliasMappingContext>,
        ReadonlySpan<PropertyID> properties_to_cascade) const;

    void build_rule_cache();
    void build_rule_cache_if_needed() const;

    GC::Ref<DOM::Document> m_document;

    struct SelectorInsights {
        bool has_has_selectors { false };
    };

    struct RuleCaches {
        RuleCache main;
        HashMap<FlyString, NonnullOwnPtr<RuleCache>> by_layer;
    };

    struct RuleCachesForDocumentAndShadowRoots {
        RuleCaches for_document;
        HashMap<GC::Ref<DOM::ShadowRoot const>, NonnullOwnPtr<RuleCaches>> for_shadow_roots;
    };

    void make_rule_cache_for_cascade_origin(CascadeOrigin, SelectorInsights&);

    [[nodiscard]] RuleCache const* rule_cache_for_cascade_origin(CascadeOrigin, Optional<FlyString const> qualified_layer_name, GC::Ptr<DOM::ShadowRoot const>) const;

    static void collect_selector_insights(Selector const&, SelectorInsights&);

    OwnPtr<SelectorInsights> m_selector_insights;
    Array<OwnPtr<RuleCache>, to_underlying(PseudoClass::__Count)> m_pseudo_class_rule_cache;
    OwnPtr<StyleInvalidationData> m_style_invalidation_data;
    OwnPtr<RuleCachesForDocumentAndShadowRoots> m_author_rule_cache;
    OwnPtr<RuleCachesForDocumentAndShadowRoots> m_user_rule_cache;
    OwnPtr<RuleCachesForDocumentAndShadowRoots> m_user_agent_rule_cache;
    GC::Ptr<CSSStyleSheet> m_user_style_sheet;

    using FontLoaderList = Vector<GC::Ref<FontLoader>>;
    HashMap<OwnFontFaceKey, FontLoaderList> m_loaded_fonts;

    Length::FontMetrics m_default_font_metrics;
    Length::FontMetrics m_root_element_font_metrics;

    CSSPixelRect m_viewport_rect;

    OwnPtr<CountingBloomFilter<u8, 14>> m_ancestor_filter;
};

class FontLoader final : public GC::Cell {
    GC_CELL(FontLoader, GC::Cell);
    GC_DECLARE_ALLOCATOR(FontLoader);

public:
    FontLoader(StyleComputer& style_computer, GC::Ptr<CSSStyleSheet> parent_style_sheet, FlyString family_name, Vector<Gfx::UnicodeRange> unicode_ranges, Vector<URL> urls, ESCAPING Function<void(RefPtr<Gfx::Typeface const>)> on_load = {});

    virtual ~FontLoader();

    Vector<Gfx::UnicodeRange> const& unicode_ranges() const { return m_unicode_ranges; }
    RefPtr<Gfx::Typeface const> vector_font() const { return m_vector_font; }

    RefPtr<Gfx::Font const> font_with_point_size(float point_size);
    void start_loading_next_url();

    bool is_loading() const;

private:
    virtual void visit_edges(Visitor&) override;

    ErrorOr<NonnullRefPtr<Gfx::Typeface const>> try_load_font(Fetch::Infrastructure::Response const&, ByteBuffer const&);

    void font_did_load_or_fail(RefPtr<Gfx::Typeface const>);

    GC::Ref<StyleComputer> m_style_computer;
    GC::Ptr<CSSStyleSheet> m_parent_style_sheet;
    FlyString m_family_name;
    Vector<Gfx::UnicodeRange> m_unicode_ranges;
    RefPtr<Gfx::Typeface const> m_vector_font;
    Vector<URL> m_urls;
    GC::Ptr<Fetch::Infrastructure::FetchController> m_fetch_controller;
    Function<void(RefPtr<Gfx::Typeface const>)> m_on_load;
};

inline bool StyleComputer::should_reject_with_ancestor_filter(Selector const& selector) const
{
    for (u32 hash : selector.ancestor_hashes()) {
        if (hash == 0)
            break;
        if (!m_ancestor_filter->may_contain(hash))
            return true;
    }
    return false;
}

}
