ladybird/Libraries/LibWeb/Fetch/Fetching/FetchedDataReceiver.cpp
Andreas Kling 37bdcc3488 LibWeb: Support MIME type sniffing for streaming HTTP responses
Previously, when loading a document, we would try to sniff the MIME
type by reading from the response body's source. However, for streaming
HTTP responses, the body source is Empty (the data comes through the
stream instead), so we had no bytes to sniff.

This caused pages like hypr.land (which sends no Content-Type header)
to be misidentified as plain text instead of HTML, since the MIME
sniffing algorithm would receive zero bytes and fall back to the
default type.

The fix captures the first bytes of the response body during fetch,
storing them on the Body object. These bytes are the "resource header"
defined by the MIME Sniffing spec - up to 1445 bytes, which is enough
to identify any MIME type the spec can detect.

Since bytes may arrive asynchronously during streaming, we use a
callback mechanism: if bytes aren't ready yet when load_document()
needs them, it registers a callback that fires once enough bytes have
been captured (or the stream ends).

The flow is:
1. FetchedDataReceiver receives network bytes, buffers them
2. When Body is created, buffered bytes are flushed to Body's sniff
   buffer, and subsequent bytes are appended as they arrive
3. Before calling load_document(), Navigable waits for sniff bytes
4. load_document() passes the bytes to MimeSniff::Resource::sniff()
2026-01-24 15:21:26 +01:00

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/*
* Copyright (c) 2024-2026, Tim Flynn <trflynn89@ladybird.org>
* Copyright (c) 2025, Aliaksandr Kalenik <kalenik.aliaksandr@gmail.com>
*
* SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-2-Clause
*/
#include <LibGC/Function.h>
#include <LibHTTP/Cache/MemoryCache.h>
#include <LibWeb/Bindings/ExceptionOrUtils.h>
#include <LibWeb/Fetch/Fetching/FetchedDataReceiver.h>
#include <LibWeb/Fetch/Infrastructure/FetchParams.h>
#include <LibWeb/Fetch/Infrastructure/HTTP/Bodies.h>
#include <LibWeb/Fetch/Infrastructure/HTTP/Responses.h>
#include <LibWeb/Fetch/Infrastructure/Task.h>
#include <LibWeb/HTML/Scripting/ExceptionReporter.h>
#include <LibWeb/HTML/Scripting/TemporaryExecutionContext.h>
#include <LibWeb/Streams/ReadableStream.h>
#include <LibWeb/WebIDL/Promise.h>
namespace Web::Fetch::Fetching {
GC_DEFINE_ALLOCATOR(FetchedDataReceiver);
FetchedDataReceiver::FetchedDataReceiver(GC::Ref<Infrastructure::FetchParams const> fetch_params, GC::Ref<Streams::ReadableStream> stream, RefPtr<HTTP::MemoryCache> http_cache)
: m_fetch_params(fetch_params)
, m_stream(stream)
, m_http_cache(move(http_cache))
{
}
FetchedDataReceiver::~FetchedDataReceiver() = default;
void FetchedDataReceiver::set_body(GC::Ref<Fetch::Infrastructure::Body> body)
{
m_body = body;
// Flush any bytes that were buffered before the body was set
if (!m_buffer.is_empty())
m_body->append_sniff_bytes(m_buffer);
}
void FetchedDataReceiver::visit_edges(Visitor& visitor)
{
Base::visit_edges(visitor);
visitor.visit(m_fetch_params);
visitor.visit(m_response);
visitor.visit(m_body);
visitor.visit(m_stream);
visitor.visit(m_pending_promise);
}
void FetchedDataReceiver::set_pending_promise(GC::Ref<WebIDL::Promise> promise)
{
VERIFY(!m_pending_promise);
VERIFY(!m_has_unfulfilled_promise);
m_pending_promise = promise;
if (!buffer_is_eof()) {
pull_bytes_into_stream();
} else if (m_lifecycle_state == LifecycleState::ReadyToClose) {
close_stream();
}
}
// This implements the parallel steps of the pullAlgorithm in HTTP-network-fetch.
// https://fetch.spec.whatwg.org/#ref-for-in-parallel⑤
void FetchedDataReceiver::handle_network_bytes(ReadonlyBytes bytes, NetworkState state)
{
VERIFY(m_lifecycle_state == LifecycleState::Receiving);
if (state == NetworkState::Complete) {
VERIFY(bytes.is_empty());
m_lifecycle_state = LifecycleState::CompletePending;
// Mark sniff bytes as complete when the stream ends
if (m_body)
m_body->set_sniff_bytes_complete();
}
if (state == NetworkState::Ongoing) {
m_buffer.append(bytes);
// Capture bytes for MIME sniffing
if (m_body)
m_body->append_sniff_bytes(bytes);
}
if (!m_pending_promise) {
if (m_lifecycle_state == LifecycleState::CompletePending && buffer_is_eof() && !m_has_unfulfilled_promise)
m_lifecycle_state = LifecycleState::ReadyToClose;
return;
}
// 1. If one or more bytes have been transmitted from responses message body, then:
if (!bytes.is_empty()) {
// 1. Let bytes be the transmitted bytes.
// FIXME: 2. Let codings be the result of extracting header list values given `Content-Encoding` and responses header list.
// FIXME: 3. Increase responses body infos encoded size by bytess length.
// FIXME: 4. Set bytes to the result of handling content codings given codings and bytes.
// FIXME: 5. Increase responses body infos decoded size by bytess length.
// FIXME: 6. If bytes is failure, then terminate fetchParamss controller.
// 7. Append bytes to buffer.
pull_bytes_into_stream();
// FIXME: 8. If the size of buffer is larger than an upper limit chosen by the user agent, ask the user agent
// to suspend the ongoing fetch.
return;
}
// 2. Otherwise, if the bytes transmission for responses message body is done normally and stream is readable,
// then close stream, and abort these in-parallel steps.
if (m_stream->is_readable()) {
VERIFY(m_lifecycle_state == LifecycleState::CompletePending);
close_stream();
}
}
// This implements the parallel steps of the pullAlgorithm in HTTP-network-fetch.
// https://fetch.spec.whatwg.org/#ref-for-in-parallel④
void FetchedDataReceiver::pull_bytes_into_stream()
{
VERIFY(m_lifecycle_state == LifecycleState::Receiving || m_lifecycle_state == LifecycleState::CompletePending);
// FIXME: 1. If the size of buffer is smaller than a lower limit chosen by the user agent and the ongoing fetch
// is suspended, resume the fetch.
// 2. Wait until buffer is not empty.
// NB: It would be nice to avoid a copy here, but ReadableStream::pull_from_bytes currently requires an allocated
// ByteBuffer to create a JS::ArrayBuffer.
auto bytes = copy_unpulled_bytes();
VERIFY(!bytes.is_empty());
// 3. Queue a fetch task to run the following steps, with fetchParamss task destination.
VERIFY(!m_has_unfulfilled_promise);
m_has_unfulfilled_promise = true;
Infrastructure::queue_fetch_task(
m_fetch_params->controller(),
m_fetch_params->task_destination(),
GC::create_function(heap(), [this, bytes = move(bytes), pending_promise = m_pending_promise]() mutable {
m_has_unfulfilled_promise = false;
VERIFY(m_lifecycle_state == LifecycleState::Receiving || m_lifecycle_state == LifecycleState::CompletePending);
HTML::TemporaryExecutionContext execution_context { m_stream->realm(), HTML::TemporaryExecutionContext::CallbacksEnabled::Yes };
// 1. Pull from bytes buffer into stream.
if (auto result = m_stream->pull_from_bytes(move(bytes)); result.is_error()) {
auto throw_completion = Bindings::exception_to_throw_completion(m_stream->vm(), result.release_error());
dbgln("FetchedDataReceiver: Stream error pulling bytes");
HTML::report_exception(throw_completion, m_stream->realm());
return;
}
// 2. If stream is errored, then terminate fetchParamss controller.
if (m_stream->is_errored())
m_fetch_params->controller()->terminate();
// 3. Resolve promise with undefined.
WebIDL::resolve_promise(m_stream->realm(), *pending_promise, JS::js_undefined());
if (m_lifecycle_state == LifecycleState::CompletePending && buffer_is_eof())
m_lifecycle_state = LifecycleState::ReadyToClose;
}));
m_pending_promise = {};
}
void FetchedDataReceiver::close_stream()
{
VERIFY(m_has_unfulfilled_promise == 0);
VERIFY(buffer_is_eof());
WebIDL::resolve_promise(m_stream->realm(), *m_pending_promise, JS::js_undefined());
m_pending_promise = {};
m_lifecycle_state = LifecycleState::Closed;
m_stream->close();
if (m_http_cache) {
auto request = m_fetch_params->request();
if (m_response && request->cache_mode() != HTTP::CacheMode::NoStore)
m_http_cache->finalize_entry(request->current_url(), request->method(), request->header_list(), m_response->status(), m_response->header_list(), move(m_buffer));
m_http_cache.clear();
}
}
ByteBuffer FetchedDataReceiver::copy_unpulled_bytes()
{
auto bytes = MUST(m_buffer.slice(m_pulled_bytes, m_buffer.size() - m_pulled_bytes));
m_pulled_bytes += bytes.size();
return bytes;
}
}